预腐蚀疲劳缺口系数(英文)

对在EXCO溶液中预腐蚀后的LC4CS光滑试件和缺口试件进行疲劳试验,得到不同预腐蚀时间的S-N曲线及预腐蚀疲劳缺口系数。通过分析腐蚀过程,阐述了腐蚀对疲劳缺口系数的影响机理,建立了描述预腐蚀疲劳缺口系数的两参数模型,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:LC4CS材料的疲劳缺口系数随预腐蚀时间呈现出先降后升的变化趋势,其拐点出现在剥蚀开始阶段。     

Material optimization: bridging the gap between conceptual and preliminary design

This paper presents a collection of tools for conceptual structure design. The underlying model is the ‘free material optimization’ problem. This problem gives the best physically attainable material and is considered as a generalization of the sizing/shape optimization problem. The method is supported by powerful optimization and numerical techniques, which allow us to work with bodies of complex initial design and with very fine finite-element meshes. The computed results are realized by composite materials. We consider a particular class of fibre-reinforced composite materials, manufactured by the so-called tape-laying technology. In the post-processing phase, stress/strain-trajectories are plotted which indicate how to place these tapes; they also show the proposed thickness of the tapes. Several examples demonstrate the efficiency of this approach to conceptual design of engineering structures.     

卫星轴承钢珠精化技术研究

为了适应卫星轴承钢珠精化的需要,建立了研磨过程中钢珠的动力学解析模型,分析了球与四研头之间的运动、四研头转向与球面加工、摩擦力与加工精度等关系。并采用倒置式正四面体形结构,在转轴与研头之间设计了具有自适应功能的浮动联轴器,进行了钢珠加工的实验研究。     

服役环境下材料S-N曲线的BP模型

目前常规条件下各种金属材料的S—N曲线已基本完备，但是考虑腐蚀环境影响的S—N曲线还很少见。本文研究了在加速腐蚀当量环境谱作用后，LY12-CZ铝舍金材料的S—N曲线随日历年限的变化规律。首先，将试件暴露于加速腐蚀环境中，进行0年、3年、8年和13年的腐蚀试验。其次进行常幅谱下的疲劳试验。试验结果表明：腐蚀环境作用后的疲劳寿命均值随日历年限的增加显著降低，而变异系数呈增长的趋势。鉴于腐蚀环境作用后的S—N曲线具有较强的非线性，本文采用反向传播网络对加速腐蚀后的疲劳试验结果进行训练，建立了日历腐蚀环境下材料S—N曲线的BP模型，仿真结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

谈美国外贸管理模式的调整

由于美国在世界经济中所处的地位，它的外贸管理的每一次调整都不同程度地影响世界经济格局和其他国家的贸易政策。本文分析了本世纪70年代前后两段时间美国外贸管理的主要特点，揭示了美国外贸管理调整的实质。     

Depeaking – economic optimization of air traffic systems

More than half of all flights in and out of Frankfurt International Airport are conducted by Lufthansa airlines, as it is one of their two major hubs. The so called hub and spokes systems allow airlines to bundle major passenger flows via connecting flights across the in- and outbound traffic. The reliability of these transfer connections, and specifically the arrival punctuality at the hub airports are crucial to the economics of the daily operation.Since Frankfurt International Airport has lately been one of the most congested airports in Europe, delays (in particular arrival delays) have increased quite significantly throughout the last years. To compensate for additional queueing time in the arrival processes, the scheduled block times inbound Frankfurt were continuously adjusted upwardly keeping the arrival punctuality (and thereby the connection reliability) close to stable. The two disadvantages of this approach have been the decrease in aircraft productivity and over-deliveries in peak hours, which in turn induce either additional block time delay or ground delay programs inbound Frankfurt.This paper introduces an iterative stochastic-simulation approach that models the vicious circle of lengthening block times and increased over-deliveries. In a second step it quantifies the operational and economical effects of depeaking the schedule and illustrates the overall growth potentials for the depeaked operation of the airport. The schedule was successfully implemented in Frankfurt in summer 2004.     

曲面磨削表面微观形貌建模方法研究

针对现有磨削表面微观形貌建模方法仅对某一类特定零件有效,提出了一种适用于空间曲面零件加工的磨削形貌建模方法。基于曲面磨削加工原理,建立砂轮坐标系与曲面零件坐标系之间的齐次变换矩阵,获得磨粒的三维运动轨迹方程。通过提出曲面区域逼近求解算法,建立曲面磨削表面微观形貌预测模型。并以展成法磨削齿轮和磨削轴承内套为例,得到两类实验与仿真结果之间的误差最大为11.338%和18.91%,验证了本文提出的预测模型的有效性与科学性。     

g-C3N4/Fe2O3复合催化剂的表征及其对AP的催化作用

为了改善固体推进剂中高氯酸铵（AP）热分解性能,降低其热分解温度,利用SEM,XRD,FT-IR对原位制备的g-C₃N₄/Fe₂O₃复合催化剂的形貌和结构进行了表征,通过差示扫描量热法（DSC）考察了催化剂对AP 热分解的催化效果。结果表明：g-C₃N₄/Fe₂O₃复合结构完整,Fe₂O₃颗粒紧密负载在g-C₃N₄上;加入不同质量分数的复合催化剂,AP的低温分解峰和高温分解峰都明显降低,且随着催化剂加入量的增加催化效果增强;加入复合催化剂质量分数5%时,高温分解峰和低温分解峰分别降低到348.1℃和281.7℃,表明g-C₃N₄/Fe₂O₃复合催化剂可有效降低AP的热分解温度,改善其热分解性能。     

电子束熔化成形Ti-6Al-4V钛合金研究进展和应用现状

电子束熔化成形技术(EBM)具有成形速度快、能量利用率高和真空环境无污染等优点,适合于Ti-6Al-4V钛合金的制备,在航空航天、生物医疗等领域得到广泛应用。然而,EBM成形Ti-6Al-4V钛合金构件仍然存在的内部孔隙、粗糙的表面和残余拉应力等缺陷,严重影响了成形件的疲劳性能。通过工艺参数的优化及后处理工艺,如热等静压和表面处理等,可以显著改善EBM成形件的疲劳性能。综述了EBM成形Ti-6Al-4V钛合金的成形工艺、微观组织、力学性能和典型的应用现状。重点讨论了影响疲劳性能的因素,并总结了一些提高疲劳性能的后处理方法。最后对EBM技术未来的发展前景进行了展望。     

结构设计辅助指导系统的实现

针对产品设计中设计与工艺存在脱节的现象,成功建立了基于C/S(Client/Service,客户端和服务器)模式系统架构的结构设计辅助指导系统,该系统有效提高了结构设计的效率和产品设计的质量及工艺性.在对系统所要实现的功能和流程进行分析的基础上,详细介绍了系统基础模块和应用模块的内容及其实用价值和意义.该系统的开发不仅对结构设计的整个过程能够起到很好的指导作用,而且对其他设计行业有一定的参考价值.