固体自润滑材料极端温度环境适应能力研究

模拟月球表面极端高低温环境,对空间飞行器机构活动部件常用固体自润滑材料进行极端温度环境存贮实验.通过拉伸强度、压缩强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度、摩擦磨损等性能研究,评价固体自润滑材料在月面极端高低温环境下的生存适应能力.结果表明,两种典型空间用固体自润滑材料模拟三个月球日经历极端温度环境存储实验后,各项性能都未发生明显变化.     

基于双循环的涡轮叶冠多学科设计优化

针对经典的多学科设计可行方法(MDF)的低效率问题,开展了利用可变复杂度建模方法改进MDF策略的研究.以涡轮叶冠为对象,综合考虑优化精度和优化效率,利用响应面方法近似高精度分析,简化计算难度,提高优化效率;合理引入可变复杂度建模方法,通过双循环结构优化策略周期性地调用高精度分析更新响应面方程来保证优化精度.基于双循环的涡轮叶冠多学科优化设计(MDO)表明,优化设计目标降低了1.4%,明显好于经典MDF策略(0.97%),整个优化策略共耗时2h39min,仅是经典MDF的优化时间的1/3.     

曲面零件五坐标扫描检测路径产生方法研究

针对曲面零件对五坐标扫描检测的需求,在对REVO五坐标旋转扫描测头的技术特征进行分析的基础上,提出了适用于五坐标扫描检测路径规划的球面法,通过测尖运动球形包络面与被测工件曲面的相交线来确定检测路径,测量主要由测尖扫描完成,减少测量机的三轴移动,实现高速坐标扫描测量。     

复杂曲面零件五轴加工刀轴整体优化方法

 针对复杂曲面零件五轴加工中刀轴矢量变化剧烈、严重影响工件表面加工质量的问题,提出一种基于临界约束的五轴刀轴矢量整体优化方法。首先,构造了给定切触点处所有可行摆刀平面,并在摆刀平面内根据临界约束计算出临界刀轴矢量,在获得临界刀轴矢量的基础上,对其进行平面映射,建立了刀轴摆动的初始可行域;其次,通过对初始可行域进行均匀离散,根据离散点之间相对位置关系构造邻接矩阵,并结合最短路径搜索算法获得了初始参考刀轴,从而构造了新的刀轴摆动可行域;最后,建立当前切削行内无干涉且相邻刀轴变化最小的刀轴矢量优化模型,实现自由曲面五轴加工无干涉刀轴矢量的光滑控制。两种自由曲面叶轮的加工算例分析表明,采用本文方法获得的刀轴矢量可以明显改善机床的运动性能,避免了刀具干涉的产生,可提高复杂曲面零件的加工质量与效率。     

Stochastic structural optimization using particle swarm optimization, surrogate models and Bayesian statistics

This paper focuses on a method to solve structural optimization problems using particle swarm optimization (PSO), surrogate models and Bayesian statistics. PSO is a random/stochastic search algorithm designed to find the global optimum. However, PSO needs many evaluations compared to gradient-based optimization. This means PSO increases the analysis costs of structural optimization. One of the methods to reduce computing costs in stochastic optimization is to use approximation techniques. In this work, surrogate models are used, including the response surface method (RSM) and Kriging. When surrogate models are used, there are some errors between exact values and approximated values. These errors decrease the reliability of the optimum values and discard the realistic approximation of using surrogate models. In this paper, Bayesian statistics is used to obtain more reliable results. To verify and confirm the efficiency of the proposed method using surrogate models and Bayesian statistics for stochastic structural optimization, two numerical examples are optimized, and the optimization of a hub sleeve is demonstrated as a practical problem.     

基于GB/T 24734的三维自动标注

结合制造企业对三维CAD零件尺寸自动标注的需求,探讨了以国标GB/T 24734为依据的在CAD系统中实现三维尺寸自动标注的技术.设计并实现了三维自动标注的算法,详细阐述了其相关的技术.该算法涉及零件基准识别、特征简化、表面分组、垂向投影标注以及零件特征还原等一系列技术.其中,特征简化和还原主要涉及特征和草图级别的倒角、圆角及阵列操作.为了便于尺寸的布局和识别,采用了表面分组和垂向投影标注的方法来对零件进行分解.以CAXA实体设计软件为平台,实现了上述算法,开发了自动标注模块,并验证了算法的可行性.     

Exploiting the Sentinel-3 tandem phase dataset and azimuth oversampling to better characterize the sensitivity of SAR altimeter sea surface height to long ocean waves

Being the very first SAR mode altimeter tandem phase, the Sentinel-3 A/B tandem phase has provided an unprecedented opportunity to better characterize the sensitivity of SAR altimetry retrievals to high-frequency processes, such as long ocean waves. In this paper, we show that for some sea-state conditions, that are still to be precisely characterized, long ocean waves are responsible for high-frequency (spatial and temporal) coherent Sea Level Anomaly (SLA) signals. It is found that the peak wavelength corresponds to the dominant swell wavelength. Furthermore, the short time lag between S3-A and S3-B acquisitions allows performing cross-spectral analyses that reveal phase shifts consistent with waves travelling according to the wave dispersion relation. It is also demonstrated that the classical 20 Hz sampling frequency is insufficient to properly sample most swell-induced SLA signals and that aliasing can generate errors over the entire frequency spectrum, including at long wavelengths. These results advocate for the use of azimuth oversampling (40 Hz or 80 Hz). Low-pass filtering should be applied prior to any down-sampling to 20 Hz, in order to prevent long-wavelength errors induced by spectral leakage.     

Sealing reliability modeling of aviation seal based on interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface

Many variables affect the sealing performance, and their distribution characteristics are difficult to obtain with probabilistic methods owing to the high cost involved. Numerous problems in engineering are similar due to the appearance of small-sample parameters. In this study, the sealing reliability of an aviation seal was defined as the research object, and an interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface were proposed to calculate the sealing reliability.Based on this, we first analyzed the failure mechanism of the aviation seal and established a leakage rate model. Then, based on the non-probabilistic interval model, an interval uncertainty method was proposed to construct the analytical model. With reference to the limit state equation from the structural reliability theory, the multidimensional response surface was used for fast calculation.Then, we chose the single-cylinder gas steering gear used in aircraft as the case study, its sealing reliability in working and non-working statuses were calculated, and the results were verified with the actual maintenance records. By analyzing the sensitivity of some variables, we can improve the sealing reliability of the aviation seal by improving the surface roughness only if the cost allows.Finally, we consider that the method proposed in this study realizes the application of smallsample uncertainty analysis in reliability analysis, and could provide a feasible way to solve the similar problems in engineering with multidimensional and small-sample parameters.     

Multi-parameter optimization of machining impeller surface based on the on-machine measuring technique

Selecting the optimal machining parameters for impeller surface is a challenging task in the automatic manufacturing industry, due to its free-form surface and deep-crooked flow channel. Existing experimental methods require lots of machining experiments and off-line tests, which may lead to high machining cost and low efficiency. This paper proposes a novel method of machining parameters optimization for an impeller based on the on-machine measuring technique. The absolute average error and standard deviation of the measured points are used to define the grey relational grade for reconstructing the objective function, and the complex problem of multi-objective optimization is simplified into a problem of single-objective optimization. Then, by comparing the values of the defined grey relational grade in a designed orthogonal experiment, the optimal combination of the machining parameters is obtained. The experiment-solving process of the objective function corresponds to the minimization of the used errors, which is advantageous to reducing the machining error. The proposed method is efficient and low-cost, since it does not require re-clamping the workpiece for off-line tests. Its effectiveness is verified by an on-machine inspection experiment of the impeller blade.     

Analytical and numerical approaches of a solar array thermal analysis in a low-earth orbit satellite

This paper researches the thermal analysis of a fixed-type solar array in a low-earth orbit satellite through both an analytical method with a simplified thermal model and a numerical method with a detailed thermal model.