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221.
Kazunori Ogohara Takehiko Satomura 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
Using a Martian general circulation model (GCM), regions favorable for expansion of dust storms on Mars are identified. Dust transport simulations for the northern fall provide global maps of dust expansibility. These global maps show that dust injected from certain areas in the northern mid-latitudes tends to spread widely within a few days. The high expansibility of dust in such areas results from thermal tides, baroclinic waves, and quasi-stationary disturbances. Dust injected into the vast regions around Tharsis and the Sirenum–Aonia regions also tends to spread extensively. However, dust expansion around these two regions largely depends on the local time of dust injection. On the other hand, dust injected at high latitudes in either hemisphere does not spread extensively. Such global maps indicating regions favorable for dust storm expansion are a clue to understanding the expansion processes and climatology of great dust storms on Mars. 相似文献
222.
文章提出了两种对含变频器天线的近场测试方法,重点关注了射频系统的连接布局,并简要分析了各方案的可行性、优缺点及应用情况。 相似文献
223.
This paper studies the response of the middle atmosphere to the 11-year solar cycle. The study is based on numerical simulations
with the Hamburg Model of the Neutral and Ionized Atmosphere (HAMMONIA), a chemistry climate model that resolves the atmosphere
from the Earth’s surface up to about 250 km. Results presented here are obtained in two multi-year time-slice runs for solar
maximum and minimum conditions, respectively. The magnitude of the simulated annual and zonal mean stratospheric response
in temperature and ozone corresponds well to observations. The dynamical model response is studied for northern hemisphere
winter. Here, the zonal mean wind change differs substantially from observations. The statistical significance of the model’s
dynamical response is, however, poor for most regions of the atmosphere. Finally, we discuss several issues that render the
evaluation of model results with available analyses of observational data of the stratosphere and mesosphere difficult. This
includes the possibility that the atmospheric response to solar variability may depend strongly on longitude. 相似文献
224.
Satellite Measurements of Middle Atmospheric Impacts by Solar Proton Events in Solar Cycle 23 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. H. Jackman M. T. Deland G. J. Labow E. L. Fleming M. López-Puertas 《Space Science Reviews》2006,125(1-4):381-391
Solar cycle 23 was extremely active with seven of the largest twelve solar proton events (SPEs) in the past forty years recorded.
These events caused significant polar middle atmospheric changes that were observed by a number of satellites. The highly
energetic protons produced ionizations, excitations, dissociations, and dissociative ionizations of the background constituents
in the polar cap regions (>60 degrees geomagnetic latitude), which led to the production of HOx (H, OH, HO2) and NOy (N, NO, NO2, NO3, N2O5, HNO3, HO2NO2, BrONO2, ClONO2). The HOx increases led to short-lived ozone decreases in the polar mesosphere and upper stratosphere due to the short lifetimes of
the HOx constituents. Polar middle mesospheric ozone decreases greater than 50 % were observed and computed to last for hours to
days due to the enhanced HOx. The NOy increases led to long-lived polar stratospheric ozone changes because of the long lifetime of the NOy family in this region. Upper stratospheric ozone decreases of >10 % were computed to last for several months past the solar
events in the winter polar regions because of the enhanced NOy. 相似文献
225.
本文主要从理论和实践两个方面,论述立足于四、六级考试,如何科学指导学生进行阅读,提高阅读理解能力。 相似文献
226.
227.
Neural network development for the forecasting of upper atmosphere parameter distributions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jeffrey D. Martin Yu T. Morton Qihou Zhou 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2005,36(12):2480-2485
This paper presents a neural network modeling approach to forecast electron concentration distributions in the 150–600 km altitude range above Arecibo, Puerto Rico. The neural network was trained using incoherent scatter radar data collected at the Arecibo Observatory during the past two decades, as well as the Kp geomagnetic index provided by the National Space Science Data Center. The data set covered nearly two solar cycles, allowing the neural network to model daily, seasonal, and solar cycle variations of upper atmospheric parameter distributions. Two types of neural network architectures, feedforward and Elman recurrent, are used in this study. Topics discussed include the network design, training strategy, data analysis, as well as preliminary testing results of the networks on electron concentration distributions. 相似文献
228.
GCRS(Geocentric Celestial Reference System,地心天球参考系)与ITRS(International Terrestrial Reference System,国际地球参考系)之间的坐标转换方法与岁差章动模型密切相关,IERS(International Earth Rotation and reference systems Service,国际地球自转与参考系服务)规范先后推荐了3组不同的岁差章动模型。论文分析了基于春分点的坐标转换过程,在比较3组岁差章动模型间差异的基础上,以太阳系10个天体为例,计算了岁差章动模型更新、极移、世界时与地球时差值等因素对坐标转换影响的具体数值。结果表明,IAU 2006岁差-IAU 2000AR06章动与IAU 2000岁差-IAU 2000A章动间的差异,对坐标转换的影响在0.5mas以内;而IAU1976岁差-IERS 1996章动与前2组岁差章动间的差异,对坐标转换影响的最大值达到37mas;极移对坐标转换影响的最大值达到0.6″,远高于岁差章动模型更新所带来的影响;当忽略世界时与地球时的差异时,结果完全错误。通过此分析,明确了极移、世界时与地球时的差异对坐标转换影响的具体数值,可为工程计算中岁差章动模型的选取提供参考依据。 相似文献
230.
为了分析不同探测方式下地气光辐射对空间目标成像特性的影响,利用卫星仿真工具包(satellite tool kit,STK)设计了一个以地球同步轨道(geosynchronous orbit,GEO)卫星与中轨道(medium orbit,MEO)卫星上搭载的可见光成像器为探测平台,以高椭圆轨道(highly elli... 相似文献