任务表集群计算平台的实时性研究

实时计算系统的关键特征包含计算时限保证和可信度两个方面。本文从进程配置、负载分配、消息传递等方面介绍任务表算法集群平台的计算时间保证措施;从瞬间故障表现和长期运行表现介绍平台在实时应用中的可信度措施。     

Tightly combined GPS/Galileo RTK for short and long baselines: Model and performance analysis

To ensure the compatibility and interoperability with modernized GPS, Galileo satellites are capable of broadcasting navigation signals on carrier phase frequencies that overlap with GPS, i.e., GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L5-E5a. Moreover, the GPS/Galileo L2-E5b signals have different frequencies with wavelength differences smaller than 4.2?mm. Such overlapping and narrowly spaced signals between GPS and Galileo bring the opportunity to use the tightly combined double-differenced (DD) model for precise real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning, resulting in improved performance of ambiguity resolution and positioning with respect to the classical standard or loosely combined DD model. In this paper, we focus on the model and performance assessment of tightly combined GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L2-E5b/L5-E5a RTK for short and long baselines. We first investigate the tightly combined GPS/Galileo DD observational model for both short and long baselines with simultaneously considering the GPS/Galileo overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies. Particularly, we introduce a reparameterization approach to solve the rank deficiency that caused by the correlation between the DISB parameters and the DD ionospheric parameters for both overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies. Then we present performance assessment for the tightly combined GPS/Galileo RTK model with real-time estimation of the differential inter-system bias (DISB) parameters for short and long baselines in terms of ratio value, ambiguity dilution of precision (ADOP), ambiguity conditional number, decorrelation number, search count, empirical success rate, time-to-first-fix (TTFF), and positioning accuracy. Results from both static and kinematic experiments demonstrated that compared to the loosely combined model, the tightly combined model can deliver improved performance of ambiguity resolution and precise positioning with different satellite visibility. For the car-driven short baseline experiment with 10° elevation cut-off angle, the tightly combined model can not only significantly increase the ratio value by approximately 27.5% (from 16.0 to 20.4), but also reduce the ambiguity ADOP, the conditional number, and the search count in LAMBDA by approximately 22.2% (from 0.027 to 0.021 cycles), 14.9% (from 199.2 to 169.6), and 25.4% (from 150.1 to 112.0), respectively. Comparable decorrelation number, empirical success rate, and positioning accuracy are also obtained. For the car-driven long baseline experiment, it is also observed that the ambiguity resolution performance in terms of the ratio value, the decorrelation number, the condition number, and the search count are significantly improved by approximately 18.5% (from 2.7 to 3.2), 22.0% (from 0.186 to 0.227), 55.9% (from 937.6 to 413.7), and 10.3% (from 43.8 to 39.3), respectively. Moreover, comparable ADOP, empirical success rate, and positioning accuracy are obtained as well. Additionally, the TTFF can be reduced (from 54.1 to 51.8 epochs with 10° elevation cut-off angle) as well from the results of static experiments.     

A new approach to on-board stationkeeping of GEO-satellites

This paper proposes a new autonomous stationkeeping system suitable for geostationary satellite operation and presents the results of the computer simulations conducted to verify the proposed system. The proposed on-board stationkeeping system receives pseudo-range signal from the ground equipments located at two different positions with a long baseline, determines the orbit error in real-time, and generates the orbit control command. To minimize the complexity of the on-board stationkeeping logic and to improve reliability, a simple orbit controller has been designed, which generates a series of control signal making the orbit roughly follow the predetermined reference range data. The reference range data are assumed to be generated through a ground based computer simulation and embedded or uploaded with time tag. Finally, the performance of the proposed system has been verified through computer simulations.     

基于加权融合的多信源弹道数据实时野值检测方法

研究多信源弹道数据实时处理中斑点野值的检测问题.通过计算各信源数据的实时精度,给出了具有自适应加权系数的加权融合方法,实现了对目标状态参数较高精度的估计,从而实时、准确、高效地检测各信源数据野值.仿真结果表明,本方法可以快速、有效地检测多信源数据的斑点野值,解决因数据切换带来的台阶跳跃问题.     

网络控制系统方法、实时性分析及其应用

对分布式控制计算机系统进行了详细的论述,分析了分布式控制系统的结构、特点和时间限制要求,提出网络传输的实时性和可靠性是满足端到端时间限制的关键,在研究和分析现场总线、工业以太网和实时网等控制通信局域网的基本实现技术及其局限性的基础上,综合运用1553B总线、以太网和SBS实时网技术,完成了航电模拟器系统的设计。     

三维实时动画技术在运载火箭飞行视景仿真中的应用

介绍了三维实时动画技术实现飞行器视景仿真的基本原理,并介绍了如何在SGI图形工作站及OPenGL图形库支持下开发运载火箭飞行视景仿真软件,重点介绍了三维实时动画技术在该系统中的软件实现。     

单轴航空涡扇发动机数学模型辨识

依据某型单轴航空涡扇发动机试车数据辨识建立了发动机的全包线、全工况实时动态数学模型。由于试车数据所含噪声较大,辨识方法采用了先建立稳态模型,进而建立实时动、静态数学模型的方法,这种方法可以通过辨识稳态点来消除噪声。验模表明,所建模型精确度很高,且能准确反映发动机性能,并满足实时性需求。     

一种新型实时总线协议及其FPGA设计

对于小规模总线型测控系统,目前国内还没有形成一个完整的通讯规范,因此建立一种完善的实时总线体系结构及其通讯标准就成为一个重要的研究课题;考虑到数据链路层协议对网络的实时特性有重要影响,借鉴工业现场总线Profibus和802.4协议,提出了一种适合小型化控制系统的新型令牌总线模型;详细阐述了这种总线模型数据链路层协议的令牌环生成和维护方式、令牌传递方式以及数据收发方式,介绍了基于FPGA技术实现该协议的具体方法,给出了信息传输时间的理论最大值和实际测试结果;实验结果表明这种低成本、小规模测控网满足了系统实时性要求,达到了预期效果,具有一定的实用性和推广价值。     

基于多核并行计算的超燃冲压发动机一维模型实时性研究

在发动机控制系统设计中,为了缩短设计周期、降低研发成本,需要建立面向控制的、较为精确的、实时性高的超燃冲压发动机性能计算模型,以保证模型精度、提高计算速度为研究目标,基于多核高性能计算仿真平台,开展了面向控制的超燃冲压发动机一维模型实时性优化工作。运用简化计算流程、改进C语言程序、开拓缓存区等方法有效提高了一维模型计算速度。创新性地尝试了计算流体力学并行化方法,对隔离段和燃烧室一维模型进行结构分解。计算网格平衡分配至多个中央处理器,并借助核间数据通讯实现多核并行计算。与串行模型计算结果对比,七核并行计算模型性能参数偏差不超过0.1%,全工况仿真时间小于30ms,计算耗时较优化前缩短了75%以上。实时性优化后的多核并行模型计算精度高、速度快、收敛性好,可以作为超燃冲压发动机控制系统设计和半实物仿真验证平台。     

实时数据驱动的生产线状态监控与效能评估技术研究

数字化车间的建设是航天产品制造企业实现智能制造的关键环节,为了实现车间的自主决策和自组织生产,设备互联、自动感知、虚拟监控以及实时分析等技术已经在工业界得到了广泛的重视。结合我国航天领域首个数字化车间建设项目,利用虚拟现实(VR)技术与车间信息通信技术(ICT),研发车间现场实时数据的采集与管理、生产线效能评估建模、人机交互式三维/二维集成可视化等功能模块。通过与其他信息系统如MES等进行数据集成,构建基于实时数据驱动的生产线运行状态监控平台,实现透明化生产,提高生产运营管理水平。