基于雨衰环境下的多波束卫星资源分配策略

针对雨衰对高频段的卫星通信造成的不利影响,采用自适应前向纠错编码(FEC,Forward Error Correction)使传输的信息量减少,提出了一种雨衰下的自适应信道分配的策略.该方法是采用调整冗余信道来保障信息信道的传输量以满足系统对误码率的要求,达到可靠和有效地利用有限的卫星信道资源的目的.通过仿真分析了该策略针对不同的频段和降雨情况下对呼叫产生的影响,分析中考虑了话音业务享有比数据业务更高的优先权.仿真结果表明利用冗余信道传输用于纠错的冗余信息可以保证在不产生通信中断的前提下,可以满足系统对信道误码率的要求.     

Investigation of vertical profile of rain microstructure at Ahmedabad in Indian tropical region

The microstructure of rain has been studied with observations using a vertical looking Micro Rain Radar (MRR) at Ahmedabad (23.06°N, 72.62°E), a tropical location in the Indian region. The rain height, derived from the bright band signature of melting layer of radar reflectivity profile, is found to be variable between the heights 4600 m and 5200 m. The change in the nature of rain, classified on the basis of radar reflectivity, is also observed through the MRR. It has been found that there are three types of rain, namely, convective, mixed and stratiform rain, prevailing with different vertical rain microstructures, such as, Drop Size Distribution (DSD), mean drop size, rain rate, liquid water content and average fall speed of the drops at different heights. It is observed that the vertical DSD profile is more inhomogeneous for mixed and stratiform type rain than for convective type rain. It is also found that the large number of drops of size <0.5 mm is present in convective rain whereas in stratiform rain, drops concentration is appreciable up to 1 mm. A comparison of measurements taken by ground based Disdrometer and that from the 200 m level obtained from MRR shows good agreement for rain rate and DSD at smaller rain rate values. The results may be useful for understanding rain structures over this region.     

再入飞船通信环境建模研究

再入飞船的通信环境所受影响主要体现于飞船周围等离子体鞘对电磁波产生衰减。为了研究飞船再入过程中衰减对通信的影响,需要建立飞船外围的三维通信衰减仿真模型,在此基础上可以研究适用于再入通信环境的新型通信技术。为此文章提出了再入飞船通信衰减的动态建模方法,并根据气动、热力学和电磁波理论公式提出了具体的飞船再入动态通信环境建模方案,同时阐述了各部分建模的研究方法,为进一步研究应对黑障的新型通信技术奠定了基础。     

缓冲气囊冲击减缓研究进展

本文从气囊缓冲机理出发对近年来国内外缓冲气囊进行了详细的分类和总结。缓冲气囊以其高效的缓冲性能、较轻的质量和低廉的成本等特性,成为重装空投防护与航天器软着陆技术领域的一个热点研究方向。本文首先介绍了密闭型气囊、排气型气囊和组合型气囊的性能和适用范围,讨论了各个类型气囊的优缺点。然后对气囊缓冲特性的数值仿真分析方法和分析模型进行了论述,对比了各类分析方法的原理与优缺点,并阐明了气囊优化设计的重要性和基本方法。此外本文还介绍了缓冲气囊研究的难点和应用前景以及需要进一步研究的问题。     

民用大涵道比涡扇发动机吸雨能力评估的方法研究

从发动机吸雨后性能改变的基本原理出发,建立了部件气动热力损失、机械损失和工质热力学通用模型,借鉴适航咨询通告初步定义了关键吸雨工况及水含量。基于商用性能分析软件,对一个大涵道比9的涡扇发动机各项性能的变化进行了计算与分析,提出了一种定量描述发动机吸雨能力的评估方法。     

基于鲁棒自适应反步法的航天器姿态跟踪控制

针对存在未知惯量矩阵和外干扰的刚体航天器姿态跟踪,提出了一种鲁棒自适应控制方法。综合自适应反步法和非线性L2增益干扰抑制方法,用自适应反步法构造系统的Lyapunov函数,获得了具L2增益的鲁棒自适应控制器,以保证姿态跟踪误差系统为一致最终有界稳定,确保估计的航天器惯量参数的有界性,并使从外干扰输入到评价输出的L2增益不大于给定值。仿真结果验证了方法的有效性和可行性。     

稳态等离子体推力器羽流仿真及其对微波的衰减和相移作用

为了评估稳态等离子体推力器（SPT）羽流对微波造成的衰减和相位变化,使用二维轴对称的PIC-DSMC方法,在空间及室压6mPa的真空舱两种环境下,计算了SPT-100羽流场中的电子分布。在此基础上,通过分析特征频率和计算衰减因子、相位常数,估算了2,4,8,12.5GHz共4个频率微波穿过羽流场时的衰减量和相移。8GHz和12.5GHz微波未发现明显的衰减,相移为10°～120°。2GHz和4GHz微波在喷口附近衰减量范围为10～50dB。仿真结果表明,C波段和S波段在SPT羽流中容易发生衰减,而X波段以上的高频微波衰减量很小,同时这几个波段微波均发生较大相移。真空舱内6mPa背压下对衰减量的预测仅略高于实际飞行情况,但微波相移会有较大误差。     

Improved rainfall estimation over the Indian region using satellite infrared technique

The GOES Precipitation Index (GPI) technique (Arkin, 1979) for rainfall estimation has been in operation for the last three decades. However, its applications are limited to the larger temporal and spatial scales. The present study focuses on the augmentation on GPI technique by incorporating a moisture factor for the environmental correction developed by Vicente et al. (1998). It consists of two steps; in the first step the GPI technique is applied to the Kalpana-IR data for rainfall estimation over the Indian land and oceanic region and in the second step an environmental moisture correction factor is applied to the GPI-based rainfall to estimate the final rainfall. Detailed validation with rain gauges and comparison with Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) merged data product (3B42) are performed and it is found that the present technique is able to estimate the rainfall with better accuracy than the GPI technique over higher temporal and spatial domains for many operational applications in and around the Indian regions using Indian geostationary satellite data. Further comparison with the Doppler Weather Radar shows that the present technique is able to retrieve the rainfall with reasonably good accuracy.     

对空间业务极化方式选择的考虑

回顾世界无线电通信大会对卫星广播业务规划修改的历程,并以国际电联的相关建议为基础,通过对实例的分析、比较,认为空间业务极化方式的选择应综合考虑载波的传输特性、空间业务的继承性、《无线电规则》的相关条款、是否有利于网络的兼容性以及易于用户接收设备的安装等因素。     

直升机减振的旋翼桨叶优化设计研究综述

围绕降低直升机振动水平的旋翼桨叶减振优化设计,对国内外这方面研究进展情况作了综述;着重讨论了降低旋翼激振力减振优化设计分析中的几个主要问题,包括桨叶减振优化设计途径与目标,桨叶优化设计中的分析模型,优化设计方法及灵敏度分析技术,以及桨叶优化减振设计研究的最新发展方向和需进一步研究的问题等.