Charge exchange interactions on near-Earth proton radiation for orbit perturbation of high area-to-mass ratio objects

This novel concept expels neutral gas in the presence of geomagnetically-trapped protons in near-Earth orbit. The expelled neutral gas acts to induce charge exchange collisions with the geomagnetically-trapped protons and induce drag on objects which pass through it. The charge exchange collisions between the neutral gas and the geomagnetically-trapped protons create neutrals with similar kinetic energy that are not confined by the geomagnetic field. The charge exchange neutrals are able to collide with orbital objects and perturb their orbits. The delta-v applied by the charge exchange neutral flux is greatest on high area-to-mass objects. Numerical simulation shows charge exchange neutral impacts produce a delta-v on objects on the order of 3.8 x 10⁻¹¹ m/s at a distance of 1 km from the center of the expelled gas in a 1,000 km orbit. The impulse imparted by charge exchange neutral impacts is at least six orders of magnitude smaller than that provided by the induced drag caused by gas expulsion. The localized drag increase can force a majority of small objects into the orbit of the expelled gas cloud, even if that orbit is retrograde to the initial orbit of the objects. This new technique can be applied to the remediation of space debris.     

质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜的力学性能退化机理

利用自制的Φ800 mm空间综合辐照试验设备和X射线光电子能谱等分析手段对质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜的力学性能退化及机理进行了研究。研究发现:薄膜的断裂伸长率和拉伸强度随质子辐照注量的增加而呈指数减小,弹性模量基本不变;质子辐照后聚酰亚胺薄膜仍具有较好的热稳定性,但其在紫外可见光波段透射率降低,透射光谱发生红移;分子键的断裂和交联是质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜力学性能降低的主要原因。     

行星际空间质子引起介质深层充电的GEANT4模拟研究

高通量的空间质子是导致行星际航天器深层充电的主要原因,基于辐射诱导电导率模 型（RIC）和粒子输运模拟工具GEANT4对介质材料在质子辐照条件下的深层充电问题进行了 预估。利用GEANT4-RIC充电计算方法,首先计算出10MeV质子在Kapton和Teflon中的注量和 剂量沉积曲线,进而根据电流连续性方程、泊松方程和电荷俘获方程组成的辐射诱导电导率 模型（RIC）求解出介质内电荷和电场分布,与介质击穿电场阈值对比作为其是否发生放电 的依据。模拟结果证实了对10MeV质子,在质子注量为3×10 12 ／cm 2时Kapton会发 生放电,而Teflon则不会发生放电的一般性试验结论。验证了GEANT4-RIC方法用于行星际航 天器介质材料质子充放电评价的可行性,为此类问题的解决奠定了基础。
     

法拉第简法校准丙氨酸对质子吸收剂量技术研究

从低能质子入手,采用基于法拉第简的质子吸收剂量校准方法,满足空间辐射对质子吸收剂量的校准需求。建立了一套法拉第筒法对薄膜剂量计的质子吸收剂量校准系统,该系统由束斑观测单元、束流散射单元、束流监测单元、旋转靶室以及法拉第筒探测单元组成,同时开展了法拉第筒法对丙氨酸薄膜剂量计的质子吸收剂量校准技术研究。     

应用BP神经网络针对高通量质子事件的通量数值预报

质子事件的爆发与太阳软X射线辐射有着很强的相关性,利用GOES卫星的1～8 (A)波段和0.5～4 (A)波段的软X射线数据,选取一些特征参量验证该相关性并应用到质子事件短期预报中.在当前质子事件传输物理机制不完全明确的情况下,在现有的预报质子事件有无的模型基础上,利用BP神经网络,根据软X射线通量水平等预测事件质子峰值通量水平,再对训练后的网络进行检验,检验预测所得结果与实际探测值误差小于一个量级,具备一定实用意义.      

空间轨道单粒子翻转率预估方法研究

系统分析了国外单粒子翻转率预估方法，提出了一种适合国内现状的单粒子翻转率预估方法，计算了五个典型轨道上的单粒子翻转率和轨道翻转系数，为评价半导体器件抗单粒子效应的能力提供了依据。     

Response of the low latitude geomagnetic field to the major proton event of November 2001

A major solar flare eruption occurred at 16:20 UT on 4 November 2001, followed by strong solar radiation storm and proton event recorded by the SOHO and other interplanetary satellites. Coronal mass ejection associated with the flare event triggered an interplanetary shock, which impacted the geomagnetic field after about 33 h. The shock impact was quite intense to produce a SSC magnitude of 80 nT in the low latitude ground magnetic records followed by sharp and deep main phase (Dst −300 nT) in the first stage, following the density (N_p) enhancement. High time resolution digital magnetic field data from the equatorial and low latitude stations in India are analyzed to study the influence of various IP parameters on the intensity and duration of the magnetic storm. A double step storm was found to be in progress caused by the multiple injections. During the period of recovery, after a period of 8 h, a third stage of depression in the ground magnetic field was set in, which corresponded to the southward directed Bz. The energy transfer processes associated with the event is presented.     

质子交换膜燃料电池膜电极组件性能分析

对由亲水电极与Nafion 112质子交换膜制备的质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)膜电极组件(MEA),测试了工作温度、气体压力、气体相对湿度和气体流量等对MEA性能的影响。试验和分析显示MEA的适宜工作条件为:温度70℃、压力0.2~0.3 MPa、H2/O2或空气的相对湿度为100%/60%、H2/O2或空气流量计量比分别为1.1~1.2/1.2~1.5或2.0~2.5。在此条件下对MEA进行了1000 h放电性能测试。结果表明,该MEA的结构和性能稳定,能满足燃料电池长寿命工作要求。     

Radiation testing of a commercial 6-axis MEMS inertial navigation unit at ENEA Frascati proton linear accelerator

We present the first results of a novel collaboration activity between ENEA Frascati Particle Accelerator Laboratory and University La Sapienza Guidance and Navigation Laboratory in the field of Radiation Hardness Assurance (RHA) for space applications.The aim of this research is twofold: (a) demonstrating the possibility to use the TOP-IMPLART proton accelerator for radiation hardness assurance testing, developing ad hoc dosimetric and operational procedures for RHA irradiations; (b) investigating system level radiation testing strategies for Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components of interest for SmallSats space missions, with focus on devices and sensors of interest for guidance, navigation and control, through simultaneous exploration of Total Ionizing Dose (TID), Displacement Damage (DD) dose and Single-Event Effects (SEE) with proton beams.A commercial 6-axis integrated Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) inertial navigation system (accelerometer, gyroscope) was selected as first Device Under Test (DUT). The results of experimental tests aimed to define an operational procedure and the characterization of radiation effects on the component are reported, highlighting the consequence of the device performance degradation in terms of the overall navigation system accuracy. Doses up to 50 krad(Si) were probed and cross sections for Single-Event Functional Interrupt (SEFI) evaluated at a proton energy of 30 MeV.     

利用质子强度变化对太阳质子事件进行短期预报方法初步研究

采用GOSE-10卫星4～9 MeV(P2),9～15 MeV(P3),15～40 MeV(P4),40～80 MeV(P5)能段上的质子通量数据,结合质子能谱,对太阳质子事件发生前各能谱参数的变化特征进行分析,详细介绍利用能谱参数的变化特征及能量E>10 MeV的质子通量数据对太阳质子事件进行预报的新方法,并运用这种方法对2002-2006年期间太阳质子事件进行了预报.预报结果显示,预报提前量最多达到100 h以上,对质子事件的报准率达97.5%,预报方法具备一定的有效性和实用性.