现场校准试验用便携式γ射线照射装置研制

固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表是承担环境连续监测任务的主要设备,这类仪表通常不便于拆卸和安装,而且送检周期较长（一周左右）,影响了连续监测点数据的连续性。为了固定式仪表的按期校准,结合蒙卡方法研制了便携式γ射线照射装置,利用PTW剂量计对辐射场进行标定,最后利用便携式照射装置对固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表进行现场校准实验。     

激光辅助局部电化学沉积的试验研究

在局部电化学沉积加工体系中引入纳秒脉冲激光,利用激光辐照和局部电化学沉积的方法对铜进行三维微结构的沉积试验。分析了激光的热力效应对局部电化学沉积的作用机理。构建了激光辅助局部电化学沉积的试验系统,进行了沉积试验,并利用扫描电子显微镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM)和X射线能量色散色谱仪对电沉积体进行了检测。试验结果表明激光辅助局部电化学沉积相较于普通的局部电化学沉积,定域性好。随着激光能量的增加,沉积体的高宽比增加,定域性提高。同时,激光还可以减少阴极杂质的吸附,提高沉积体的纯度。     

辐照环境中ZnO类热控涂层性能

文章研究ZnO类热控涂层在空间综合辐照环境下太阳吸收率(αs)退化的预示模型。利用ZnO类热控涂层的空间综合辐照环境试验数据,对比分析6种数学模型分别拟合出的αs退化预示结果。结果表明,选择合适的预示模型,可以大幅缩短试验时间,利用预示数据就能较准确地反映出αs的退化情况。     

真空100 keV质子辐照对石墨膜热性能的影响

研究了25 μm石墨膜在能量100 keV最大注量2.5×10¹⁵ p/cm²的真空质子辐照条件下的微观结构和热性能,采用拉曼光谱（Raman spectrum）、X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）进行微观结构分析,采用激光闪射法（LFA）进行热性能分析。石墨膜晶面间距为0.335 83 nm,石墨化度为95.0%。结果发现,质子辐照会导致石墨膜表层产生缺陷,片层间距增大,石墨化度降低,氧含量升高;随着质子辐照注量的增加,Raman光谱中D和G峰的积分面积比表明缺陷密度不断增加。25 μm石墨膜经过能量为100 keV注量为2.5×10¹⁵ p/cm²质子辐照后,石墨膜热扩散系数无明显变化。     

质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜的力学性能退化机理

利用自制的Φ800 mm空间综合辐照试验设备和X射线光电子能谱等分析手段对质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜的力学性能退化及机理进行了研究。研究发现:薄膜的断裂伸长率和拉伸强度随质子辐照注量的增加而呈指数减小,弹性模量基本不变;质子辐照后聚酰亚胺薄膜仍具有较好的热稳定性,但其在紫外可见光波段透射率降低,透射光谱发生红移;分子键的断裂和交联是质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜力学性能降低的主要原因。     

5229D/T700导电环氧复合材料空间环境适应性研究

对5229D/T700导电环氧复合材料力学、电学、耐热特性进行了系统表征,通过真空出气、温度循环和总剂量辐照等环境试验考察了5229D/T700导电环氧复合材料空间环境适应性。结果表明,5229D/T700导电环氧复合材料Tg为236℃,150℃弯曲强度保持率为85%,150℃真空总质损为0.44%,可凝挥发物为0.05%,具有很好耐热性和极低的真空污染特性。同时发现5229D/T700导电环氧复合材料力学性能几乎不受温度循环和总剂量辐照的影响,而电性能在总剂量辐照试验后略有增加,表现出非常优异空间环境适应性。     

Charge exchange interactions on near-Earth proton radiation for orbit perturbation of high area-to-mass ratio objects

This novel concept expels neutral gas in the presence of geomagnetically-trapped protons in near-Earth orbit. The expelled neutral gas acts to induce charge exchange collisions with the geomagnetically-trapped protons and induce drag on objects which pass through it. The charge exchange collisions between the neutral gas and the geomagnetically-trapped protons create neutrals with similar kinetic energy that are not confined by the geomagnetic field. The charge exchange neutrals are able to collide with orbital objects and perturb their orbits. The delta-v applied by the charge exchange neutral flux is greatest on high area-to-mass objects. Numerical simulation shows charge exchange neutral impacts produce a delta-v on objects on the order of 3.8 x 10⁻¹¹ m/s at a distance of 1 km from the center of the expelled gas in a 1,000 km orbit. The impulse imparted by charge exchange neutral impacts is at least six orders of magnitude smaller than that provided by the induced drag caused by gas expulsion. The localized drag increase can force a majority of small objects into the orbit of the expelled gas cloud, even if that orbit is retrograde to the initial orbit of the objects. This new technique can be applied to the remediation of space debris.     

Response of the low latitude geomagnetic field to the major proton event of November 2001

A major solar flare eruption occurred at 16:20 UT on 4 November 2001, followed by strong solar radiation storm and proton event recorded by the SOHO and other interplanetary satellites. Coronal mass ejection associated with the flare event triggered an interplanetary shock, which impacted the geomagnetic field after about 33 h. The shock impact was quite intense to produce a SSC magnitude of 80 nT in the low latitude ground magnetic records followed by sharp and deep main phase (Dst −300 nT) in the first stage, following the density (N_p) enhancement. High time resolution digital magnetic field data from the equatorial and low latitude stations in India are analyzed to study the influence of various IP parameters on the intensity and duration of the magnetic storm. A double step storm was found to be in progress caused by the multiple injections. During the period of recovery, after a period of 8 h, a third stage of depression in the ground magnetic field was set in, which corresponded to the southward directed Bz. The energy transfer processes associated with the event is presented.     

Radiation testing of a commercial 6-axis MEMS inertial navigation unit at ENEA Frascati proton linear accelerator

We present the first results of a novel collaboration activity between ENEA Frascati Particle Accelerator Laboratory and University La Sapienza Guidance and Navigation Laboratory in the field of Radiation Hardness Assurance (RHA) for space applications.The aim of this research is twofold: (a) demonstrating the possibility to use the TOP-IMPLART proton accelerator for radiation hardness assurance testing, developing ad hoc dosimetric and operational procedures for RHA irradiations; (b) investigating system level radiation testing strategies for Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components of interest for SmallSats space missions, with focus on devices and sensors of interest for guidance, navigation and control, through simultaneous exploration of Total Ionizing Dose (TID), Displacement Damage (DD) dose and Single-Event Effects (SEE) with proton beams.A commercial 6-axis integrated Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) inertial navigation system (accelerometer, gyroscope) was selected as first Device Under Test (DUT). The results of experimental tests aimed to define an operational procedure and the characterization of radiation effects on the component are reported, highlighting the consequence of the device performance degradation in terms of the overall navigation system accuracy. Doses up to 50 krad(Si) were probed and cross sections for Single-Event Functional Interrupt (SEFI) evaluated at a proton energy of 30 MeV.     

质子交换膜燃料电池膜电极组件性能分析

对由亲水电极与Nafion 112质子交换膜制备的质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)膜电极组件(MEA),测试了工作温度、气体压力、气体相对湿度和气体流量等对MEA性能的影响。试验和分析显示MEA的适宜工作条件为:温度70℃、压力0.2~0.3 MPa、H2/O2或空气的相对湿度为100%/60%、H2/O2或空气流量计量比分别为1.1~1.2/1.2~1.5或2.0~2.5。在此条件下对MEA进行了1000 h放电性能测试。结果表明,该MEA的结构和性能稳定,能满足燃料电池长寿命工作要求。