Experimental investigation on ice-breaking performance of a novel plasma striker

Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety.Recently, researches about a newly proposed deicing method based on Plasma Synthetic Jet Actuator(PSJA) have just started. To meet the requirements of in-flight deicing, structure of PSJA needs to be adjusted. This paper completed the detailed design and experimental validation of a novel plasma striker, which was a modified version of PSJA. Influences of mass of the moving part and rod shapes on the ice-br...     

Linkage of the ionospheric peak electron density and height deduced from the topside sounding data

Topside sounding electron density profiles are analyzed to explore interrelations of the F2 layer critical frequency and the peak height for a representative set of conditions provided by ISIS1, ISIS2, IK19 and Cosmos-1809 satellites for the period of 1969–1987. The foF2 and hmF2 are delivered with exponential extrapolation of electron density profile to zero of its 1st derivative. It is shown that the linear regression exists between foF2 and hmF2 under different conditions. The linkage between the two parameters amended to the empirical model of the peak height [Gulyaeva, T.L., Bradley, P.A., Stanislawska, I., Juchnikowski, G. Towards a new reference model of hmF2 for IRI. Adv. Space Res. 42, 666–672, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2008.02.021, 2008] results in an empirical model of the both foF2 and hmF2 expressed by superposition of functions in terms of local-time, season, geodetic longitude, modified dip latitude and solar activity. For the solar activity we use a proxy Fsp index averaged from the mean solar radio flux F10.7s for the past 81 days (3 solar rotations) and F10.7 value for 1 day prior the day of observation. Impact of geomagnetic activity is not discernible with the topside sounding data due to mixed positive and negative storm-time effects. Appreciable differences have been revealed between IRI-CCIR predictions and outcome of the new model which might be attributed to the different techniques of the peak electron density and height derivation, different epochs and different global distribution of the source data as well as the different mathematical functions involved in the maps and the model presentation.     

基于非结构网格有限差分法的扎染算法

应用有限差分法时遵循贴体坐标系下离散等价方程的离散准则,格式中仅用到当地网格点的坐标变换系数,据此可以构建新的非结构网格有限差分法,数值算例表明在空间二维情况下用连接离散点的3条网格线构造出来的一阶迎风格式可以稳定收敛。把这种非结构网格有限差分法推广到三维,在4条网格线基础上进行离散计算,然后提出一种局部区域多重网格、重复计算的新算法。首先在包含物体的整个区域采用直角坐标系下的均匀网格进行计算,然后消除物体内部点对物体外部流场区域的影响,最后在物面和直角网格之间很小的局部区域填补非结构网格进行计算,计算过程类似于中国传统的扎染工艺。处理流场内存在曲面物体边界问题时,相较于常规结构网格差分算法,扎染算法尽管在计算中包含需要特殊处理的无用网格点,也存在重复计算的局部区域,但是以这些计算能力的浪费为代价,换取了编程简便、内存量小、网格生成快捷、易于扩展网格规模等优势。定性分析表明,这种扎染算法非常适合研制大规模并行计算,建立的计算流体力学应用软件可以充分发挥数十万至百万处理器核心的超级计算机的效能。     

电离层等离子体主动释放试验研究

等离子体主动释放试验是空间物理研究的一种主动、有效手段. 2013年4月中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心在海南进行了中国第一次空间等离子体主动释放试验. 探空火箭在190 km高度释放了近1 kg碱金属钡, 形成一团由钡原子和钡离子组成的云团. 利用地面光学观测手段, 记录了钡云从释放初期到末期的演化全过程, 获取了钡云亮度、粒子密度、成分及扩散范围随时间的变化规律. 通过对钡云漂移的研究, 得到低纬度地区释放点处电离层的中性风场特性, 其分析结果对于研究低纬度地区电离层动力学特性具有一定指导意义.      

考虑界面微观滑移的连接非线性系统多尺度分析

振动环境下,连接界面上存在着复杂的多尺度粘滑摩擦行为,进而造成含连接系统复杂的非线性振动现象。本文针对机械结构中的搭接连接系统,采用改进的Iwan迟滞非线性模型建模连接界面的多尺度粘滑行为,建立了连接系统的非线性运动方程,利用多尺度摄动分析方法研究了系统在初始条件下的自由振动,获得了系统响应的近似解析解并与直接数值积分解进行了对比;研究了粘性阻尼系数、刚度比等参数对系统动力学响应的影响。结果表明,Iwan迟滞非线性模型能够复现界面多尺度的微观粘滑行为;多尺度近似解析解和数值解吻合很好;连接系统的自由振动过程中,系统相轨迹以螺线收敛,但平衡位置可能发生偏移;界面切向刚度表现出随振幅增大而减小的软化非线性特点,系统瞬时固有频率随振幅减小而增大;振动过程中连接界面单位周期的能量耗散随振动幅值的减小而减小。研究结果为进一步探索含连接复杂装配结构的非线性动力学行为提供了基础。     

高精度有限差分格式的色散优化及耗散控制

本文综述了我们在高精度有限差分格式的色散优化和耗散控制方面的研究进展。首先,我们提出了半离散有限差分格式色散和耗散相互独立的充分条件,实现了差分格式色散和耗散特性的独立调节。在此基础上,提出了色散最小、耗散可控的高精度差分格式,称为MDCD格式。MDCD格式已经得到了广泛应用,取得了很好的计算效果,但其主要缺点是耗散的调节依赖于经验。为了解决这一问题,我们进一步提出耗散的自适应调节方法。具有自适应耗散特性的高精度有限差分格式的基本特征是,差分格式的耗散能够随解的局部尺度自适应调节。为了构造这类格式,我们提出了一种新型的尺度识别器,它能够以等效无量纲波数的形式来定量衡量数值解的局部长度尺度。在此基础上,设计差分格式耗散参数与尺度识别器得到的等效无量纲波数之间的关系,从而构造了一类色散最小、耗散自适应的差分格式,称为MDAD格式。为了计算含有间断的问题,同时保持在光滑区的良好耗散特性,我们利用尺度识别器对一种经典的激波探测器进行改进,提出了一种新的激波探测器,并将自适应耗散格式与对应的WENO格式相混合,得到自适应耗散混合格式。近似色散关系显示该混合格式兼具高分辨率和鲁棒性。多个含间断流场的标准算例测试结果显示,自适应耗散混合格式具有良好的分辨率和激波捕捉能力。     

空间相机摆扫成像立体定位精度仿真分析

为了验证空间相机摆扫成像立体定位的可行性,考虑成像比例尺变化、摆扫角测量精度、摆扫角稳定度和摆扫角速度等影响因素,建立了以总体设计中影响定位精度的各指标为参数的空间相机摆扫成像几何模型,推导了基于误差传播理论的定位精度计算方法,并对平面定位精度和高程精度进行了仿真,提出了摆扫成像方式条件下提高定位精度的有效措施。结果表明,在成像幅宽较大时,单线阵摆扫成像线阵长度较小情况下和双线阵推扫成像线阵长度较大情况下,可达到相近的定位精度,提高摆扫角测量精度、摆扫角稳定度及时间同步精度,可提高平面定位精度。摆扫成像立体定位精度仿真方法适用于大幅宽成像遥感卫星定位精度指标分配。     

Experimental characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial

Plasma Synthetic Jet (PSJ) actuators have shown wide and promising application prospects in high-speed flow control, due to their advantages including high exhaust speed, wide frequency band, rapid response, and non-moving components. Although previous studies on PSJ actuators are abundant, most of them have focused on the performance of a single actuator. However, in practice, an actuator array is very necessary for large-scale aerodynamic actuation on account of the small affected area of a single PSJ. In this paper, the characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial are investigated experimentally. Compared to a parallel actuator array, the serial actuator array requires simpler power supply design and is much easier to realize. High-speed photography of the discharge evolution, voltage-current measurement, and shadowgraphy visualization are used in the investigation. Experimental results show that, for the serial actuator array, weak discharges happen firstly between energized and suspending electrodes, and then a strong pulse arc discharge is triggered. The breakdown voltage in serial is irrelevant to such factors as the number of actuators, the maximum or minimum gap in serial, the connection sequence, etc. It is mainly determined by the sum of gaps. For serial actuators with the same anode-to-cathode spacing, the energy deposition is the same, and the jet is synchronous and similar. Because of the entrainment and merging of adjacent jet vortices, the jet front speed of an aligned synchronous jet array increases as the orifice distance decreases. To achieve the highest jet front velocity, the orifice of the actuator has an optimal diameter.     

基于JEC-FDTD算法的等离子体天线雷达散射截面计算

采用电流密度卷积FDTD算法(JEC-FDTD)计算了等离子体天线的散射特性, 分析了等离子体天线处于工作状态时等离子体参数(密度、碰撞频率)及天线外部约束腔体对天线雷达散射截面(RCS)的影响. 数值结果表明, 等离子体天线的RCS会随等离子体密度的减小及碰撞频率的增大而减小. 而约束腔体只有在高频段时才会对等离子体天线的RCS值产生较大的影响. 因此, 在不影响天线性能的情况下, 可以根据信号频率调节等离子体参数、选取合适的腔体材料以达到增强等离子体天线隐身性能的目的.