广义的Harrod—Domar经济增长模型

本文建立了一种考虑了资本生产率增长率的新经济增长模型－广义的Ｈａｒｒｏｄ－Ｄｏｍａｒ经济增长模型，以便对资本生产率增长率与经济增长率的关系及相关问题，进行定量分析与讨论。     

THE DGW-I FURNACE A MATERIALS PROCESSING FACILITY IN "SZ-2" SPACECRAFT

The DGW-I is a new material processing facility developed in China, which was firstly carried into orbit in November 1999 by the SZ-1 spacecraft and then in January 2001 carried by SZ-2 into space again, and successfully processed 6 samples of materials, including 3 samples of alloys, 2 of semiconductors and 1 sample of oxide crystal.     

The lower ionosphere response to its disturbances by powerful radio waves

The paper presents data from some campaigns at Sura heating facility in 2011–1016. The experiments on probing of the artificial disturbed region of the lower ionosphere were carried out at two observation sites. One of them was located near Vasil’sursk 1 km from Sura facility (56.1°N; 46.1°E) and the other site was located at the Observatory (55.85°N; 48.8°E) of Kazan State University, 170 km to the East. Investigation of the features of the disturbed region of the lower ionosphere based on its diagnostics by the methods of the vertical sounding and oblique backscattering is the main goal of this paper. Ionosphere disturbance was fulfilled by the effect of the powerful radio wave of the ordinary or extraordinary polarization emitted by transmitters of the Sura facility with effective radiated power ERP = 50–120 MW at the frequency of 4.3, 4.7 and 5.6 MHz. Pumping waves were emitted with period from 30 s to 15 min. The disturbed region of the ionosphere in Vasil’sursk was probed by the vertical sounding technique using the partial reflexion radar at the frequency of 2.95 and 4.7 MHz. For the oblique sounding of the disturbed region the modified ionosonde Cyclon-M, operating at ten frequencies from 2.01 to 6.51 MHz was used at the Observatory site. On many heating sessions simultaneous variations of the probing partial reflection signals in Vasil’sursk and backscattered signals in Observatory were observed at the height at 40–100 km below the reflection height of the pumping wave. These observations were correlated with the pumping periods of the Sura facility. Possible mechanisms of the appearance of the disturbance in the lower ionosphere and its effect on the probing radio waves are discussed.     

航空发动机使用可靠性研究

以航空发动机使用可靠性为研究对象,结合可靠性数据,利用3种不可靠度函数,对数据进行拟合分析。在对可更换件可靠性分析的基础上,利用模糊理论对影响备件权重的故障率、重要性、可修性和国产化进行综合分析,使各个备件的权重更加合理。采用备件需求优化保障模型,给出了在满足要求的保障率时所需的最小费用和配件数量。利用发动机维修改进后使用过程中的故障数据,对发动机在使用阶段的可靠性增长情况进行分析,从而判定了维修改进的合理性。所得结果可为发动机使用维护提供一定的参考。     

硅基底上外延生长过渡金属硅化物薄膜的研究

过渡金属与硅的接触系统一直被人们所关注,是因为它们在界面处具有肖特基势垒的形成、过渡金属硅化物的外延生长、制作器件的稳定和耐高温等重要性.因此在硅基底上形成金属硅化物薄膜也被广泛应用于半导体工业.对硅衬底上蒸发的Cr、Fe、Mn薄膜进行热处理,通过固相反应法(SPR)制备过渡金属硅化物薄膜,即经过对过渡金属硅化物(薄膜)/Si系统进行各种温度、不同时间的热处理,制备出各种过渡金属硅化物薄膜.对于制成的各种硅化物薄膜,用X射线衍射法(XRD)和软X射线发射分光光谱法(SXES)对它们的组成成分进行了分析和确认.并且,由这两种分析方法表明:各种过渡金属硅化物薄膜在硅衬底上各形成了单一相的均匀层硅化物薄膜.     

KM5A空间环模试验设备研制

KM5A空间环模试验设备主要用于为航天器进行地面模拟试验提供真空、冷黑及太阳辐射等空间环境。设备主要包括真空容器、真空抽气系统、热沉、氮系统、测量及数据采集系统、外热流模拟系统等。文章概要介绍了该试验设备的系统组成、主要性能指标及关键技术。     

高转速袋型阻尼密封泄漏的特性

采用有限元分析和计算流体动力学耦合数值分析方法(FEA/CFD),研究了考虑转子系统由于高速旋转造成转子径向伸长效应时袋型阻尼密封的泄漏特性和流场形态.计算了密封间隙为0.13mm时,袋型阻尼密封试验件在3种压比、3种转速下的泄漏量,并与试验值和不考虑转子伸长效应的CFD数值模拟结果进行了比较,验证了所采用的FEA/CFD数值方法的可靠性(误差小于1.3%)和高转速下考虑转子伸长的必要性.研究了6种压比、6种转速下密封间隙为0.25mm的袋型阻尼密封的流场和泄漏量,分析了压比和转速对袋型阻尼密封泄漏特性的影响规律.结果表明:当压比大于0.26时,随压比的减小,袋型阻尼密封泄漏量逐渐增大;当压比减小到一定值时(π<0.26),泄漏流体的马赫数在最后一个密封齿间隙处达到1.0,即发生了堵塞,此时泄漏量达到与密封进口总压相对应的最大值;在高转速下,考虑和不考虑转子半径的伸长,密封泄漏量均随转速的增大而减小;在转子面周向马赫数大于0.35时,需要考虑转子半径伸长对泄漏量的影响.      

Primary Solidification Phase and Lamellar Orientation in Directionally Solidified Ti-45Al-7Nb Alloy

Primary solidification phase and lamellar orientation are investigated in Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy at very high ratio of temperature gradient to growth rate (G/v) by a liquid-metal-cooled directionally solidified method. It shows that Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy solidifies with primary α phase. Longitudinal (parallel to growth direction) microstructure shows that α dendrites in solid-liquid mushy zone are discontinuous and transverse microstructure of α dendrites is worm-like feature. Growth direction of α phase is about 80° away from〈0001〉α direction, and close to〈1120〉α direction. The corresponding lamellar orientation is aligned at the angle of about 10° to growth direction, which is consistent with α-dendrite growth direction according to Blackburn orientation relationship. Therefore, due to the altered growth direction of α phase, the lamellar orientation in Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy is controlled at the G/v ratio of 5×109 K·sm-2.     

日本JAXA航天器环境工程验证能力研究

日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA）是负责日本航空航天开发的独立行政实体,主要承担日本航天器研究、开发、发射和运行等业务。JAXA拥有日本先进的航天基础设施和环境验证手段,集中了大量高水平的力学环境、真空热环境和特殊环境的试验测试设备,能够承担航天器系统级总装、专业测试和环境试验,也具备航天器原材料、元器件等的环境试验与评价能力。JAXA具有国际一流的航天器环境工程验证能力,对日本航天事业的飞速发展发挥了重要支撑作用。根据我国航天发展战略以及对标国际一流航天先进技术的要求,文章跟踪研究了JAXA的航天器环境工程验证能力的建设、基地布局、管理模式和标准体系等方面的成功经验,提出了我国航天器环境工程的发展建议与启示。     

空间环境模拟试验设备研制项目进度管理研究

文章对空间环境模拟试验设备研制过程中的进度管理进行研究,结合实际工程经验,对工作分解结构、里程碑计划管理及网络计划技术等项目管理方法在空间环境模拟试验设备研制进度管理中的应用作了初步探讨,介绍了项目管理方法在的进度管理上的具体应用。