Modeling bending behavior of shape memory alloy wire-reinforced composites: Semi-analytical model and finite element analysis

In this study, we propose a novel and simple exact semi-analytical model for superelastic Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wire reinforced composites subjected to bending loads. In order to study the mechanical response of the composite during loading/unloading, a Representative Volume Element (RVE) is extracted to examine the bending response of the composite. Analytical moment–curvature, and shear force-shear strain relations are derived based on a 3-Dimensional (3D) thermomechanical SMA model and Timoshenko beam theory. The composite Simpson’s rule is adopted to numerically solve the exact analytical moment–curvature and shear force-shear strain relationships. Results including the moment–curvature response, axial stress distribution along the vertical and longitudinal directions, martensite volume fraction, and the tip deflection are reported and validated against 3D finite element simulations. The influence of temperature, martensite volume fraction distribution, and matrix stiffness on the mechanical performance of the composite is also investigated. In particular, the composite is found to behave superelastically under certain conditions of temperature, SMA volume fraction, and elastic stiffness of the matrix. Such behavior is advantageous in applications requiring large recoverable strains or high energy dissipation density.     

空间碎片绳网捕获拖曳恒张力控制

针对空间绳网系统捕获空间碎片后,在轨道转移过程中的精确控制问题,提出一种使用常值拉力将空间碎片拖曳至坟墓轨道的方法。首先,采用牛顿欧拉法建立绳系组合体动力学模型;其次,通过李雅普诺夫方法证明仅使用恒张力即可实现拖曳过程的稳定控制;再次,提出采用常值拉力切换控制律抑制空间碎片的姿态章动,采用基于相平面控制原理的控制律抑制绳系组合体面内面外摆动,规避在轨道转移过程中系绳松弛造成缠绕、系绳张力过大造成断裂或两星接近发生碰撞等风险。最后,通过拖曳离轨全过程仿真分析,校验了所提出控制方法的有效性。     

利用外部辅助信息解决双星定向中的模糊度确定问题

由于我国双星系统载波相位信息少,且对地静止,难以直接利用多星系统(GPS、GLONASS等)解模糊方法进行双星定向。针对此种情况,本文提出了一种基于外部辅助信息的模糊度函数方法来确定单差模糊度参数初值,并详细分析了外部辅助信息的精度要求。进行了仿真实验,结果表明:当基线长度为2米,原始载波相位测量精度为1%周时,只需外部姿态传感器提供精度不低于1 70°的辅助方向信息,即可以约98 60%的高成功率正确确定模糊度参数。该项技术可辅助惯导系统实现快速初始对准。此外,采用多天线配置,利用INS提供概略姿态信息可实现双星实时定姿,并可进一步发展为双星/INS组合导航系统,从而极大地扩展应用领域。     

稀疏孔径成像系统发展概况

介绍了稀疏孔径成像系统的发展现状。重点介绍了系统的成像原理和种类,国外的研究进展以及系统实现的关键技术和应用前景。     

基于改进最大期望算法迭代相位检测器的研究

近年来出现的基于最大期望(EM)迭代算法的相位同步算法具有比传统非数据辅助(NDA)相位估计算法更低的相位误差,是适合于Turbo编码系统的一种相位同步算法。然而,EM迭代算法对初值的选取比较敏感,收敛性较差。为了克服EM迭代算法收敛性较差的缺点,提出一种基于改进EM算法的Turbo编码系统迭代相位同步算法。针对EM算法的缺点,用数据辅助(DA)和NDA结合的方法得到的相位估计作为EM算法的初值。数值仿真显示,该方法具有比随机初始化EM算法更好的相位检测性能。     

S频段抗振频综研究

对晶振和频综的隔振方法进行研究。设计出钢丝绳隔振结构,测试表明在20Hz~2000Hz全频带都有明显的隔振效果。隔振后,3.7GHz频综频偏100Hz处相噪改善16dB,频偏1kHz处相噪改善20dB。     

相位干涉仪测向定位研究

对实施被动无源测向定位的主要手段之一的相位干涉仪进行了较详细和系统的研究，给出了一维、二维和三维相位干涉仪的基本关系式，分析了测向精度，并对解相位模糊问题进行了探讨。以星载相位干涉仪为重点，导出了对辐射源相对定位的方程，并对定位误差进行了较详细的分析，导出了主要的计算公式。     

Simulation of mass and heat transfer in liquid hydrogen tanks during pressurizing

In order to accurately predict the heat and mass transfer behaviors and analyze key factors affecting pressurization process in the hydrogen tank, a comprehensive 2 D axial symmetry Volume-Of-Fluid(VOF) model is established by Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) method.The effects of phase change, turbulence and mass diffusion are included in the model and relationships between physical properties and temperature are also comprehensively considered. The phase change model is based on Hertz-Knudsen equation and the mass transfer time relaxation factor is determined by the NASA's experimental data. The mass diffusion model is included in gaseous helium pressurizing. The key factors including the inlet temperature, inlet mass flow rate, injector types and pressurizing gas kinds are quantitatively analyzed. Compared with the experiment, the simulation results show that the deviation of pressurizing gas mass consumption, condensing mass and ullage temperature are 3.0%, 7.5% and 4.0% respectively. The temperature stratification is existed along the axial direction in the surface liquid region and the ullage region, and the bulk liquid is in subcooled state during pressurizing. The location of phase change mainly appears near the vapor–liquid interface, and the mass transfer expressing as condensation or vaporization is mainly determined by the heat convection and molecular concentration near the vapor–liquid interface.The key factors show that increasing the inlet temperature and inlet mass flow rate could shorten the pressurizing time interval and save the pressurizing gas mass. The proportion of the total energy addition of the tank absorbed by the ullage region, the liquid region and the tank wall respectively is greatly influenced by the injector types and more heat transferred into the ullage would result in a faster pressure rising rate. Gaseous hydrogen pressurization has a higher efficiency than gaseous helium pressurization. The simulation results presented in this paper can be used as a reference for design optimization of the pressurization systems of cryogenic liquid launch vehicles so as to save the mass of pressurizing gases and shorten the pressurizing time interval.     

不锈钢纤维滤袋式电除尘器的实验研究

对一种新型的不锈钢纤维滤袋式电除尘器(简称袋式电除尘器)进行了理论分析和实验研究。研究结果表明,该滤袋式电除尘器比管式电除尘器和现在使用的袋式除尘器都具有更高的除尘效率,而且对细微粉尘具有更强的捕集能力。从效率与过滤风速、电场电压及粉尘浓度的关系曲线中,也显示出这些基本参数对滤袋式电除尘器除尘效率的影响规律。因此,可广泛应用于炼钢电炉和工业炉窑的除尘设备。作者的工作有助于研究电除尘器,对设计高效率和寿命长的电除尘装置具有指导作用。     

一种低压低功耗的环形压控振荡器设计

设计了一种低压低功耗的环形压控振荡器,它由电压电流转换（V to I）电路及5级延迟单元（delay cell）组成。单位延迟单元采用改进型差分结构,提高了上升及下降速度。同时总的延迟环路采用电容滤波技术,进一步改善了相位噪声性能。分析了环形VCO的相位噪声。电路采用SMIC13V33 1P6MLOGIC工艺,电源电压为1.2 V,仿真结果显示：VCO中心频率为350 MHz,调谐范围为（200-500）MHz,谐振在350 MHz时相位噪声位为-89.5 dBc/Hz@10 kHz,输出波形峰值为0.7 V,功耗为1.2 mW。该VCO可以应用于系统时钟锁相环中。