带增压压气机的小型脉冲爆震涡轴发动机性能分析

为了解决小型涡轴发动机采用脉冲爆震燃烧室代替主燃烧室时,由于脉冲爆震燃烧室的增压作用,无法从压气机出口引气对燃气涡轮冷却、封严的问题,提出了一种带增压压气机的脉冲爆震涡轴发动机(PDTSE)构型,并建立了相应的性能分析方法。对常规涡轴发动机与带增压压气机的PDTSE性能进行对比研究,计算结果表明：与常规涡轴发动机相比,带增压压气机PDTSE性能具有较大优势;在整个设计域内,综合考虑性能指标和设计难度,在循环最优处,带增压压气机的PDTSE相比普通涡轴的热循环效率高14.5%,耗油率低9.7%,单位功率高27%。     

初步设计阶段倾转旋翼机短距起飞性能设计方法研究

倾转旋翼机兼具垂直起降和高速巡航能力,已在诸多领域得到广泛应用。研究倾转旋翼机特有的短距起飞方式下的起飞性能设计计算方法,对飞机研制项目的成功具有重要意义。提出一套适用于初步设计阶段短距起飞方式下的起飞性能设计方法,该方法包括短舱最小倾斜角的确定、起飞离地速度和起飞距离计算公式的推导;同时将该方法用于倾转旋翼机的初步设计,并分析机场海拔高度和不同天气条件对起飞性能的影响。结果表明:该方法计算结果合理,符合起飞规律,具有良好的工程应用价值。     

微藻航空燃料的热氧化安定性与热沉

航空燃料安定性和热沉对飞机和发动机工作可靠性、飞机飞行安全及战术性能的发挥有重要作用。利用热重-差热分析联用仪研究了2种典型微藻航油的热氧化安定性和热沉,并与标准航空喷气燃料RP-3进行了对比。结果表明:混合生物油的失重终点温度和最大失重点的温度与标准航空喷气燃料RP-3相比均向高温区移动。在失重区间内,除了物理热沉还有化学热沉的贡献。在热重曲线中定义了2个无量纲参数:引发温度和燃尽指数,引发温度表征起始裂解温度,燃尽指数表征沉积特性。2个参数结合可以较好地诠释燃料的热安定性和热沉。球等鞭金藻油高碳数烷烃在提高热沉基础上导致碳沉积的形成,但小球藻油在热沉提高的基础上,并没有形成碳沉积。说明通过有效控制高碳数烷烃分配比例增加其热沉并控制其积碳在理论和技术上是可行的。      

浅谈波音737NG飞机APU滑油系统一项监控指标在故障监控中的应用

波音737NG飞机APU故障影响航班运行,而APU滑油系统是其安全运行的重要保障,大多数APU的故障都能够从滑油系统的监控指标中找到故障征兆。本文基于737NG飞机APU滑油系统工作原理,提出了一项APU滑油系统的监控指标——温升速率,并利用该指标总结排故方法进行重点故障的监控,有效地提高了排故效率。     

Performance analysis and application on Ti-6Al-4V of micro-forging system

Micro-forging (MF) is a novel surface modification technology which is capable of smoothening and strengthening the workpiece surface simultaneously. Based on analysis of the mechanism and energy conversion of micro-forging process, an electromagnetically driven micro-forging system is developed. To further grasp the kinetic characteristic of the equipment, a simulation model is established and its accuracy is verified. With the help of simulation and experimental results, we propose an input voltage optimization method, which drives the micro-forging head moving in a uniform and stable way. In this study, the influence of MF on surface integrity of Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) is firstly reported. Experimental results show that MF treatment reduces surface roughness (R_a) and increases micro-hardness by 48% and 11.8% at most, respectively. Besides, a compressive stress layer with an amplitude of −1000 MPa and a depth of 0.8 mm is observed. This study analyzes the performance and reveals the potential of micro-forging technology, which lays a solid foundation for expanding its application in TC4 surface modification.     

辐射带高能电子通量波动与地磁暴警报

地球磁场捕获带电粒子形成辐射带,地磁场的扰动将导致带电粒子通量的变化.根据磁暴期间外辐射带高能电子通量起伏和波动的特点及规律,利用GOES卫星实时发布的5min分辨率高能电子微分通量数据,构建了高能电子通量波动指数,并分析了该指数与地磁活动的关系.结果表明,所提出的高能电子通量波动指数与地磁事件有很好的相关性,能起到地磁暴发生的指示剂作用,相对于目前空间环境业务化预报过程中广泛使用的3hKp指数,高能电子通量波动指数能更早地警报地磁暴的发生,是潜在有效的地磁暴警报辅助手段,能为空间环境预报中的地磁暴实时警报提供重要参考.      

翼伞系统纵向飞行性能分析

翼伞系统的飞行性能不仅取决于翼伞本身的气动特性,而且与安装角、伞绳长度、回收物阻力特征、翼载荷等系统参数密切相关。文章应用拉格朗日方程建立翼伞系统的纵向飞行力学模型,对翼伞系统进行飞行力学数值仿真,深入分析了系统参数以及开伞状态对翼伞系统纵向飞行性能的影响规律。结果表明：只有安装角在0°～20°时,翼伞系统才能达到稳定的滑翔状态,且安装角在4°～6°时对应两个稳定的滑翔状态,具体由开伞姿态和速度决定;伞绳特征长度的增加使系统的静稳定性增加;回收物的阻力特征增加6m2,翼伞系统的稳定滑翔角增加15°左右,而迎角减小不到1°;翼伞飞行速度随着翼载荷的增加而增加,其平方与回收物质量成正比。上述结论可为翼伞系统的工程实际应用提供参考。     

样本重复使用失效响应曲线分析结构可靠度方法

用基于样本重复使用失效响应曲线逼近法,为充分利用迭代过程中的样本点,提出了样本重复使用的思想,并由此发展出一种结构可靠度的计算方法.利用可靠度指标作为收敛条件,从迭代收敛后的所有样本点中选取靠近失效界线处的样本点构造失效曲线响应函数,最后通过蒙特卡洛抽样的方法计算可靠度.多个算例表明:该响应函数避免了对传统意义上的功能函数响应面的模拟,降低了模型维数,又由于适当地 引入了带交叉项、具有曲线旋转功能的响应函数,因此能够很好地逼近失效曲线,有效地提高可靠度计算精度.      

A Prediction Method for△f0F2min of a Single Station From Interplanetary Parameters Based on Statistical Study

Using 86 CME-interplanetary shock events,the correlation between the peak values of （a） the solar wind parameters(B_z,E_y,P_dyn) and the geomagnetic indices（SYM-H,ASY-H,Kp）, （b） the coupling functions（Borovsky,Akasofu,Newell） and the geomagnetic indices,（c） the solar wind parameters/coupling functions/geomagnetic indices and the ionospheric parameter(Δf₀F_2min), are investigated.The statistical results show that in group（a）,B_{z min} and SYM-H_min have the best correlation,that in group（b）,the best correlation is between the peak values of Akasofu function (A_min) and SYM-H_min,and that in group（c）,the best correlation is between K_pmax andΔf₀F_2min. Based on the statistical results,a method for predicting f₀F₂ of a single station is attempted to be set up.The input is modified B_{z min} and the outputs are SYM-H_min andΔf₀F_2min.Then 25 CME-IPS events that caused geomagnetic storms in 1998 and 2009 are used to check the prediction method. The results show that our method can be used to predict SYM-H_min andΔf₀F_2min.     

A new spectral index to detect Poaceae grass abundance in Mongolian grasslands

The objectives of the present study were to develop a new index based on remotely-sensed data for detecting the abundance of grasses in the family Poaceae, which has a high palatability for livestock in Mongolia, and to map the distribution of these grasses in the semi-arid Mongolian steppes. We measured ground-based spectral reflectance of pure plant leaves – including Poaceae grasses – and soils, as well as in-situ in the Mongolian grasslands. The hyper-spectral data, taken by a spectroradiometer, were converted into four multi-spectral bands (i.e., blue, green, red, and NIR) to simulate satellite-based imagery data. In order to magnify the characteristics of the spectral signal of Poaceae, NGBDI (Normalized Green-Blue Difference Index), NGRDI (Normalized Green-Red Difference Index), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), NNBDI (Normalized NIR-Blue Difference Index) were calculated from the four multi-spectral reflectance values. Poaceae Abundance Index (PAI) was derived by combining these four normalized difference indices. PAI was found out to be a good indicator to discriminate Poaceae grass from the other plant spectral data.