Particle deposition patterns on high-pressure turbine vanes with aggressive inlet swirl

Characteristics of particle migration and deposition were numerically investigated in presence of aggressive swirl at the turbine inlet. The isolated effects of the inlet swirl were considered in detail by shifting the circumferential position of the swirl and by implementing positive and negative swirling directions. Particles were released from the turbine inlet and the resulting deposition on the vanes was determined by using the critical velocity model in a range of particle diameters from 1...     

基于离散元的粉末燃料输送弯管两相流特性研究

弯管是粉末燃料冲压发动机燃料输送系统的重要组成部分,为了研究弯管内气固两相流的流场结构、颗粒碰撞以及压力损失的变化规律,基于连续相-离散元（CFD-DEM）耦合模型,考虑颗粒的碰撞受力和弹塑性形变,对铝粉在弯管内的流动状况进行数值仿真。研究结果表明：CFD-DEM算法相对于传统的双流体模型和轨道法,能更为准确地描述颗粒流的碰撞信息和两相流的流动状况。弯管内的总压损失随流化气流量的增加,呈先减少再增加的趋势,在本文研究的条件下,优选的流化气流量为6g/s~7g/s(流化气速度为3.0m/s~3.5m/s);在低流速下,颗粒间的碰撞次数远大于颗粒-壁面间的碰撞,随着流速的增高,颗粒与外侧壁面间的碰撞次数迅速增高,并导致颗粒-壁面间的碰撞次数超过颗粒间的碰撞。弯管的弯径越大,弯管内的总压损失越大,但颗粒-颗粒、颗粒-壁面的碰撞次数均减少。     

空间大型机械臂系统载运轨迹优化方法

针对在搬运及组装数十吨级负载过程中,空间站用大型机械臂会对空间站载体姿态产生扰动的问题,提出了一种笛卡尔轨迹参数化方法。利用基于广义雅克比矩阵（GJM）的分解运动速度控制和优化算法来实现基座姿态扰动控制,建立了反映载体姿态变化的目标函数。基于关节运动范围及避免动力学奇异等约束,采用粒子群（PSO）算法进行目标函数的优化,有效降低了空间大型机械臂系统在搬运重型负载过程中对载体姿态的影响。仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。     

水平携带床内玉米秸颗粒速度场的PIV实验研究

为研究生物质颗粒在水平携带床中的流动特性,搭建了水平携带床透明模拟装置.利用PIV无接触测量技术,在氩气流量为1.9 m3/h工况下,对60~160目粒径的玉米秸颗粒流进行了速度场的研究.计算出了颗粒和氩气的平均速度以及流经水平携带床的时间,对颗粒与氩气的跟随性进行了分析.研究结果表明,颗粒流的轴向速度沿轴方向不断增大,管道中心附近的颗粒加速最为明显,而边壁附近的颗粒速度变化相对较慢;颗粒流的速度沿径向大致呈抛物线状分布;颗粒流的平均运动速度比氩气低,颗粒流通过水平床的平均时间略大于氩气.     

用数值模拟的方法研究磁暴主相期间影响环电流分布特征的要素

环电流是距离地心2～7 Re的带电粒子围绕地球西向漂移形成的.环电流的增强将引起全球磁场的降低,反映了地磁暴的强度.磁暴主相期间,对流电场驱动等离子体片中的能量粒子经历E×B漂移与俘获注入环电流,进入损失锥的粒子沉降到大气中.本文采用磁暴主相期间环电流离子分布的模型,结合上述因素研究不同离子能量下对流电场对环电流离子通量的直接影响,以及强弱对流电场下环电流能量离子投掷角的变化,并从物理上阐述造成此种通量分布特性的原因.      

改进的Chan-粒子滤波算法超宽带室内三维定位

针对超宽带室内定位时容易受到非视距误差的影响,导致定位精度大大下降,甚至无法准确定位的问题,提出了一种融合粒子滤波的改进Chan定位新方法。首先,在Chan定位方法中引入模拟退火算法,对到达时间差(TDOA)算法的测量值进行优化,获得初步定位的最优解;然后,采用粒子滤波对测量值进行再次优化,粒子重采样后得到的中心位置即为目标节点的精确位置。仿真和实验结果均表明,该算法能有效提高在非视距环境下超宽带室内定位的精度,较好地消除非视距误差的干扰。     

Detailed modeling of aluminum particle combustion——From single particles to cloud combustion in Bunsen flames

A numerical model for aluminum cloud combustion which includes the effects of interphase heat transfer, phase change, heterogeneous surface reactions, homogeneous combustion,oxide cap growth and radiation within the Euler–Lagrange framework is proposed. The model is validated in single particle configurations with varying particle diameters. The combustion process of a single aluminum particle is analyzed in detail and the particle consumption rates as well as the heat release rates due to the v...     

Dynamic neighborhood genetic learning particle swarm optimization for high-power-density electric propulsion motor

To maximize the power density of the electric propulsion motor in aerospace application, this paper proposes a novel Dynamic Neighborhood Genetic Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (DNGL-PSO) for the motor design, which can deal with the insufficient population diversity and non-global optimal solution issues. The DNGL-PSO framework is composed of the dynamic neighborhood module and the particle update module. To improve the population diversity, the dynamic neighborhood strategy is first proposed, which combines the local neighborhood exemplar generation mechanism and the shuffling mechanism. The local neighborhood exemplar generation mechanism enlarges the search range of the algorithm in the solution space, thus obtaining high-quality exemplars. Meanwhile, when the global optimal solution cannot update its fitness value, the shuffling mechanism module is triggered to dynamically change the local neighborhood members. The roulette wheel selection operator is introduced into the shuffling mechanism to ensure that particles with larger fitness value are selected with a higher probability and remain in the local neighborhood. Then, the global learning based particle update approach is proposed, which can achieve a good balance between the expansion of the search range in the early stage and the acceleration of local convergence in the later stage. Finally, the optimization design of the electric propulsion motor is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed DNGL-PSO. The simulation results show that the proposed DNGL-PSO has excellent adaptability, optimization efficiency and global optimization capability, while the optimized electric propulsion motor has a high power density of 5.207 kW/kg with the efficiency of 96.12%.     

An intelligent approach for flight risk prediction under icing conditions

Flight risk prediction is significant in improving the flight crew’s situational awareness because it allows them to adopt appropriate operation strategies to prevent risk expansion caused by abnormal conditions, especially aircraft icing conditions. The flight risk space representing the nonlinear mapping relations between risk degree and the three-dimensional commanded vector(commanded airspeed, commanded bank angle, and commanded vertical velocity) is developed to provide the crew with practi...     

高压涡轮工作叶片内部流场特性试验研究

为研究变工况特性下涡轮叶片内部通道流场特性，选取高压涡轮二级工作叶片内部通道作为研究对象，在5种不同的进口雷诺数（Re）工况下，利用TRPIV（时序PIV）技术对通道内的流场特性进行了试验研究。Re变化为32426～64700，模拟了飞行循环过程中的若干典型工况。在先进加工技术的辅助下，保留了真实叶型约束下的完整内冷三通道带肋结构，捕捉到一些不同于常规截面两通道模型等简化模型中的流动现象，包括：弯头区域不对称主流分离结构和非对称二次涡系。通过数据分析，明确了高、低雷诺数下流动特性的差异。在高Re工况条件下，弯头出口附近的冲击区域增大；对于第一通道内的二次流，在接近弯头位置处，横向速度分量会导致纵向涡对的强度被削弱，高Re工况下拥有更加剧烈的影响，极有可能削弱吸力面的换热强度。