三维梯度功能材料层间力学模型与应力分析

本文对非均质耐热梯度功能材料（FGM）层间的结构与性能进行了研究，通过对陶瓷－金属FGM的宏、细观结构分析，建立了基层间三维力学模型，导出了应力分析方程，本方法的确定不仅可以指导FGM的成分，组织和结构设计，而且还可以加速FGM实用比的进程通过典型的算例数值分析，表明其具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。     

应用光透仪测量细高氯酸铵粒度的研究

在固体火箭发动机推进剂中,细高氯酸铵的粒度,通常是用沉降法测量.此法的缺点是,测试周期长,费时费力.应用先透仪测细高氯酸铵粒度可大大缩短测试时间,省时省力,并消除了人工处理数据的误差.本文给出了光透仪测细高氯酸铵粒度的精度;光透法与沉降法测细高氯酸铵粒度的相关关系及其精度;论述了在大型发动机装药中,应用光透仪测细高氯酸铵粒度可控制推进剂的燃速,保证了发动机产品的质量.     

Periodic or random acceleration in solar flares?

The issue whether acceleration and injection of electron beams is coherently modulated by a single quasi-periodic source, or whether the injection is driven by a stochastic process in time or (eventually fragmented) in space, is investigated by menas of a periodicity analysis of metric type III bursts.We analyze 260 continuous type III groups observed byIkarus (ETH Zurich) in the frequency range of 100–500 MHz during 359 solar flares with simultaneous 25 keV hard X-ray emission, in the years 1980–1983. Pulse periods have been measured between 0.5 and 10 s, and can be described by an exponential distribution, i.e.N(P) e ^–P/1.0s. We measure the mean periodP and its standard deviation p in each type III group, and quantify the degree of periodicity by the dimensionless parameter p/P. The representative sample of 260 type III burst groups shows a mean periodicity of p/P=0.37±0.12, while Monte-Carlo simulations of an equivalent set of truly random time series show a distinctly different value of p/P=0.93±0.26. This result suggests that the injection of electron beams is periodically modulated by a particle acceleration source which is either compact or has a global organization on a time scale of seconds.     

外辐射带动态演化的粒子模拟研究

运用计算机实验方法即三维电磁粒子模拟方法初步研究了暴时扰动情况下外辐射带粒子环境的动态演化特性。模拟计算了暴时辐射带粒子环境的演化情况。模拟计算结果显示，高能质子、电子注入午辐射滞后，两者一方面沿磁力线做弹跳运动，向高纬扩展，部分注入质子和电子沉降于南北两极区域；另一方面，注入质子和电子还经历顺时针和逆时针方向的漂移运动，粒子能量越大，漂移速度越快。暴时多次注入引起整个辐射带粒子能量的大幅增强；粒子注入颗次和强度越大，辐射带粒子通量增幅越大。本项研究为开发研制完整的辐射带动态模式积累了有益的经验。     

Evolution of an electron beam pulse influenced by coulomb collision effects in the solar corona

Electrons accelerated in the corona during solar activity give rise to radio emission events that can be observed over a wide range of frequencies. Among different finer-scale structures in the dynamic spectra observed in the radio range, fast transients with extents of some milliseconds known as solar radio spikes are observed accompaning the background continuum emission. Fundamental to the generation of radio spikes is a propagating electron beam and following its evolution allows us to understand the physical processes occurring in the solar corona. With the use of a numerical Fokker–Planck code we follow a previous numerical study to simulate the propagation of an electron beam pulse injected in a small region at the top of a magnetic field and outwards the solar corona under typical flare conditions. It was found that in large ambient densities of ${10}^{10}$ cm⁻³ at the injection point, Coulomb collision effects have an important effect on the propagation of the electrons, causing that the injected electrons thermalize faster in a time of $0.1$ and $0.4$ s for an electron distribution with a low-energy cut off of 16 and 7 keV respectively and a spectral index of 3. For a tenous ambient medium of density ${10}^9$ cm⁻³ thermalization occurs only for an electron distribution with smaller low-energy cut off (7 keV) with a duration of $\approx$1.5 s, while for a larger low-energy cut off (16 keV) the loss of accelerated electrons is very slow, regardles of the spectral index ($3,7$). The electron loss time by Coulomb collisions, which depends on the low boundary ambient density, might be an important parameter that influences the generation of radio spikes due to the formation of instabilities in the corona.     

半导体器件单粒子效应的机理,试验和预计

介绍了空间高能粒子环境及单粒子效应的机理、模拟试验方法和错误率计算方法。空间高能粒子环境由银河宇宙射线、太阳宇宙射线及地磁捕获粒子组成。单个高能粒子可在半导体中通过库仑作用或核反应电离出大量电子—空穴对,从而引起半导体器件逻辑紊乱或失效。用加速器产生的高能粒子进行模拟试验可获得器件对单粒子效应的敏感参数;由E.L.Peterson 等人的经验公式或CREME 程序预计器件在特定环境下的出错率。     

磁场重联的二维粒子模拟研究

利用二维全粒子模拟方法研究了无碰撞等离子体中的磁场重联过程，得到了不同区域的离子和电子速度分布．计算结果表明，电子和离子在扩散区中的不同动力学特性产生的Hall电流使磁场的y分量By呈现四极形分布．离子和电子的速度分布偏离了初态时的Maxwell分布，呈现非局域的多重分布．同时由于磁场重联而产生的电场使电子在X点附近得到加速和加热，因而在电子的能谱分布中形成-高能尾。     

影响A(D)C发泡剂粒径因素的探讨

A(D)C发泡剂的粒径对其发泡速度以及发气量等产生很大影响，通过在联二脲氧化阶段的反应温度、催化刑的加入量、添加不同的表面活性剂等的研究，探索出影响A(D)C发泡剂的粒径的规律，以适应市场的不同需求。     

Direct thrust control for multivariable turbofan engine based on affine linear parameter-varying approach

A novel turbofan Direct Thrust Control(DTC) architecture based on Linear ParameterVarying(LPV) approach for a two-spool turbofan engine thrust control is proposed in this paper.Instead of transforming thrust command to shaft speed command and pressure ratio command, the thrust will be directly controlled by an optimal controller with two control variables. LPV model of the engine is established for the designing of thrust estimator and controller. A robust LPV H∞filter is introduced to estimate ...     

Distributed three-dimensional cooperative guidance via receding horizon control

The paper presents a new three-dimensional (3D) cooperative guidance approach by the receding horizon control (RHC) technique. The objective is to coordinate the impact time of a group of interceptor missiles against the stationary target. The framework of a distributed RHC scheme is developed, in which each interceptor missile is assigned its own finite-horizon optimal control problem (FHOCP) and only shares the information with its neighbors. The solution of the local FHOCP is obtained by the constrained particle swarm optimization (PSO) method that is integrated into the distributed RHC framework with enhanced equality and inequality con-straints. The numerical simulations show that the proposed guidance approach is feasible to imple-ment the cooperative engagement with satisfied accuracy of target capture. Finally, the computation efficiency of the distributed RHC scheme is discussed in consideration of the PSO parameters, con-trol update period and prediction horizon.