基于CCD摄像法进行液位测量的研究

建立了用于液位测量的CCD摄像测量系统。在散射照明的条件下,液位图像成像到高分辨力的电荷耦合器件上,然后通过对传感器信号进行分析和处理,可以精确地计算出液位的高低。利用CCD摄像法实现液位精确测量,处理电路采用C8051F060单片机为核心器件对传感器输出信号进行处理,通过单片机串口将采集的数据传输给计算机。系统具有非接触、实时性、高准确度以及自动化的特点。     

超声速进气道可压及不可压流动数值模拟

采用Chio-Merkle预处理矩阵对可压NS(Navier-Stokes)方程组进行时间预处理,分析了预处理方法的物理和数学背景.用有限体积方法,结合LU-SGS(Lower-Upper-Symmetric-Gauss-Seidel)隐式时间积分和AUSM+(P)(Precondition Advection Upstream Splitting Method)格式、中心差分2种空间离散格式,求解该预处理NS方程组.通过圆弧凸包流动和二维方腔顶盖驱动流动的数值试验表明,该方法克服了传统时间迭代方法模拟低速流动时的刚性问题,加速了收敛过程,可以同时有效地模拟可压及不可压流动.用此方法与块结构化网格技术相结合,进行了在不同飞行马赫数、攻角和出口反压条件下,混压式轴对称超声速进气道三维流场数值模拟.计算结果表明:该方法能准确地捕获复杂激波系,清楚地揭示进气道三维流动现象;进气道性能随工作条件的变化规律,与理论分析一致.      

导弹命中精度评定中贝叶斯方法的应用

针对导弹武器系统试验评定的问题 ,研究了如何在命中精度评定中应用贝叶斯方法。在导弹落点偏差分布为正态 -逆伽马分布的假设下 ,提出以贝叶斯理论为基础 ,利用实际的导弹飞行试验状态信息和试验前的各种已知信息 ,加入弹道的模拟和仿真方法 ,获得评定的验前分布参数 ,使精度评定理论与实际情况相结合的方案。该方案以使用方提出的可信度和最低可信下界为检验精度的指标 ,同时也提出一种运用参数自助 (Bootstrap)方法获得验前分布参数的方法。最后 ,提供了完整的评定流程和说明 ,使实际的评定工作有一个较完整的体系。所提的贝叶斯方法尤其适合于小子样场合下的试验鉴定工作     

交通污染控制的途径选择

城市交通造成了严重的环境污染,围绕城市环境治理问题展开研究,已成为实现城市经济可持续发展的重大课题,文章在总结城市交通污染产生原因的基础上,通过最优污染水平控制模型的建立,分析了减少交通污染的途径和方法。     

定常基线卫星编队构形设计

采用动力学法研究了卫星编队的相对运动特性,根据星间相对基线的定义,仔细推导了星间相对基线与卫星编队构形参数之间的关系,并根据此关系定义了一种可以较好地反映星间相对基线运动稳定性的指标,即稳定度.在一个轨道周期内,分析了三种特殊卫星编队的最大水平基线和最大垂直基线在相同稳定度下的稳定时间.结果表明,这三种编队构形不能满足水平基线和垂直基线同时定常的要求.由此出发,重点研究了可以使星间相对基线定常的条件,并得出了相应的结论.水平基线定常的充要条件为三个约束关系式,垂直基线定常的充要条件为两个约束关系式.由此条件同时可知,两星编队无法满足水平基线和垂直基线同时定常的要求,因此,至少需要三星编队才可以达到此要求.最后,按照本文所得结论,设计了一个水平基线和垂直基线同时定常的三星编队.利用成熟软件对设计结果进行了分析,分析结果表明了本设计方法的正确性.      

Flow field characteristics,mixing and emissions performance of a lab-scale rich-quench-lean trapped-vortex combustor utilizing a quench orifice plate combined with a bluff-body

In this study, the low emission combustion technology of Rich-Quench-Lean (RQL) has been applied in Trapped-Vortex Combustor (TVC), and the combinative RQL-TVC shows a promising low emissions performance. By utilizing a quench orifice plate combined with a bluff-body, a lab-scale RQL-TVC was designed. The flow fields of RQL-TVC were measured by 2-D PIV and predicted by 3-D numerical simulation. Flow structures, radial profiles of normalized mean axial velocity, turbulence intensity and mixing level of the quench zone were analyzed. Results reveal that the dual-vortex and the single-vortex flow patterns both exist in cavities and quench zone of RQL-TVC, and the turbulence intensity is strong in the quench zone with some reverse flows. The spiral vortex was discussed by 3-D streamlines and the detail flow structures of the quench zone were analyzed based on the numerical results. The mixing level of the quench zone was determined, and results show that the quench device enhances the mixing level compared with TVC. Combustion efficiency and emissions performance were investigated experimentally, and results demonstrate that RQL-TVC has relatively higher combustion efficiency and lower emission index of CO, UHC and NO_x than the same size lab-scale TVC in present work.     

大型屏蔽暗室静区静度测试初探

主要论述了如何对大型屏蔽暗室静区反射电平进行测试及各种参数的意义和测试的必要性等 ,提出了一些影响静区反射电平测试的常见问题及其解决方法     

变热线过热比可压缩流湍流度测量方法优化

开展了可压缩流中湍流度测量技术的优化研究，以满足对试验数据高精度评估的需求。在变热线过热比湍流度测量方法推导过程中，忽略了压力脉动项以简化湍流度求解过程。为更加准确评估高速风洞流场湍流度，引入了压力脉动项，以恒温热线风速仪响应关系式为基础，从理论上对可压缩流中湍流度的求解方法进行了优化。在马赫数0.3~0.7进行了湍流度测量试验，并分别利用优化前后的湍流度求解方法对试验数据进行了处理。结果表明两种求解方法所得的湍流度结果量值相近，但优化后的湍流度求解方法所得的湍流度结果随马赫数的变化趋势更加符合客观物理规律。利用蒙特卡洛模拟方法对湍流度的不确定度进行了求解，不确定度量值远小于湍流度量值，表明优化后的湍流度求解方法所得的湍流度结果基本能够代表真实值。试验结果证明了优化后湍流度测量方法的正确性及应用恒温热线风速仪对高速风洞流场湍流度进行测量的可行性。     

Estimating sea level rise around Australia using a new approach to account for low frequency climate signals

Regional sea level studies help to identify the vulnerable areas to the sea level rise. This study investigates the impact of climate modes on sea level variations and trends around Australia using altimetry data, climate indices, and sea level records from tide gauge stations. Here, we show that the sea level variations are negatively correlated with climate indices to the north and west of Australia. The spectral analyses of the climate indices and tide gauge data suggest that a low frequency signal with a period of 11 years emerges during the mid 1980s. Since the 25-year length of the satellite altimetry record is yet too short to detect low frequency signals, their effect on the estimation of regional sea level trend is unknown. Therefore, we estimate the sea level trend with consideration of this signal and using a two-step method. All signals with periods shorter than 7.5 years are first removed from sea level time series and then the trend is estimated using the parametric model that includes the 11-year signal. The skill of the parametric model in explaining the variations in sea level anomaly validates the presence of the 11-year signal detected in the spectrograms of the tide gauge data and climate indices. The average sea level trend for the study area is estimated as 3.85 ± 0.15 mm/year.     

BCu93P丝状钎料的断裂分析

针对BCu39P钎料丝材在热挤压过程中易产生断裂，质量不稳定等缺陷，用金相法和扫描电镜（SEM），分析和研究了该钎料丝材的内部组织分布和断口形貌，找出了引起钎料断裂的原因，并提出了解决措施和钎料内部组织分布的理想模型。