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以木星探测任务为背景,针对木星辐射带粒子能量高、通量大的强辐射特点,基于器件总剂量辐照试验数据、木星辐射带模型、太阳质子通量模型,将器件失效点剂量不确定性与辐射环境不确定性应用到总剂量设计中,可定量评估特定任务一定屏蔽下的器件失效概率、辐射设计余量(RDM)的置信度及影响因素,可实现木星任务中器件指标、屏蔽厚度和失效概率之间的权衡和优化。首先,根据商业器件TL084辐照试验数据,发现其失效概率分布符合威布尔分布。对于10个木星半径的赤道面轨道,辐射带质子通量比太阳质子大3个数量级,随着屏蔽厚度的增加和任务期的减小,TL084器件所受剂量和失效概率减小。当屏蔽厚度为 10 mm 铝时,器件平均寿命小于2星期。另外,定义并考察了器件的失效速率,失效速率随屏蔽厚度的减小和在轨时间的增加而增加。对于传统的RDM为2的设计方法,1 mm铝屏蔽下对应的置信度为89%。 相似文献
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影响GEO卫星长寿命高可靠的空间环境因素及其评估、验证和保障技术研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
文章叙述了空间环境与卫星长寿命高可靠的关系,着重分析了影响GEO卫星长寿命高可靠的各种空间环境效应,如:地磁亚暴电子造成的卫星表面带电及诱导的二次放电、辐射带高能电子引起卫星内带电、太阳耀斑质子和银河宇宙射线造成的单粒子效应、空间带电粒子和太阳电磁辐照造成的辐照总剂量效应以及空间环境下敏感表面的污染效应等.文章最后给出GEO卫星空间环境效应的评估、验证和保障技术研究的必要性及其主要研究方向. 相似文献
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木星系探测中多层材料的辐射屏蔽优化设计方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
与地球辐射环境相比,木星辐射带中的粒子辐射环境有能量高、通量大、能谱硬等特点,对木星探测器的辐射防护要求更高。航天器设计中常用的多层金属材料的防护效果取决于辐射环境、屏蔽层数量与厚度、屏蔽层叠放顺序等众多因素,因此采用数值方法进行设计十分困难,有必要开发智能屏蔽优化算法。文章结合遗传算法和MULASSIS多层屏蔽仿真程序,以屏蔽后的吸收剂量为优化目标,开发了多层材料辐射防护优化设计方法。利用该方法,得到一定重量指标约束下的最优屏蔽结构,其特点是将高低原子序数材料相结合,多为双层或三层结构,并把高原子序数材料放置在外侧。以远木点和近木点分别为25个和10个木星半径的赤道面轨道为例,当面密度为1 g/cm2时,最优屏蔽结构为0.829 mm铅和0.158 mm镁的双层结构,可将辐射造成的总剂量降低至120.3 krad(Si)/a,与传统铝屏蔽材料相比,可节省近43.6%的重量资源。本方法可用于指导未来木星探测的辐射防护设计。 相似文献
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Ye Zhang Jade Q. Clement Daila S. Gridley Larry H. Rodhe Honglu Wu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
Extrapolation of known radiation risks to the risks from low dose and low dose-rate exposures of human population, especially prolonged exposures of astronauts in the space radiation environment, relies in part on the mechanistic understanding of radiation induced biological consequences at the molecular level. While some genomic data at the mRNA level are available for cells or animals exposed to radiation, the data at the protein level are still lacking. Here, we studied protein expression profile changes using Panorama antibody microarray chips that contain antibodies to 224 proteins (or their phosphorylated forms) involved in cell signaling that included mostly apoptosis, cytoskeleton, cell cycle and signal transduction. Normal human fibroblasts were cultured until fully confluent and then exposed to 2 cGy of 150 MeV protons at high-dose rate. The proteins were isolated at 2 or 6 h after exposure and labeled with Cy3 for the irradiated cells and with Cy5 for the control samples before loading onto the protein microarray chips. The intensities of the protein spots were analyzed using ScanAlyze software and normalized by the summed fluorescence intensities and the housekeeping proteins. The results showed that low dose protons altered the expression of more than 10% of the proteins listed in the microarray analysis in various protein functional groups. Cell cycle (24%) related proteins were induced by protons and most of them were regulators of G1/S-transition phase. Comparison of the overall protein expression profiles, cell cycle related proteins, cytoskeleton and signal transduction protein groups showed significantly more changes induced by protons compared with other protein functional groups. 相似文献
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载人航天器舱内辐射剂量及其预估 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文依据国内外95例空间飞行氟化锂热释光剂量计测量的舱内宇宙辐射剂量及轨道参数,建立了近地轨道载人航天器舱内剂量预先评估的数学模型。模型表明,影响舱内剂量水平的主要因素是轨道高度,呈二次曲线形式;其次是太阳活动因素。轨道倾角对舱内剂量的影响并不显著。依据模型作出了辐射安全飞行的时限曲线并就辐射的安全防护问题进行了分析讨论。 相似文献
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