地球静止卫星南北位置保持控制系统的选择

简述了地球静止卫星南北位置保持控制系统的要求，然后比较了化学推进和电推进控制系统的特点，并较具体地分析了几种典型的电火箭发动机的性能和发展水平。在此基础上提出了作者对地球静止卫星南北位置保持控制的选择原则和看法。     

SOCIT4 collisional-breakup test data analysis: With shape and materials characterization

In this paper we revisit the 1995 Kaman database of the SOCIT4 fragment characteristics with added analysis of a subset of the cataloged fragments from the test. This database was compiled from the last of a series of four hypervelocity impact tests conducted under a U.S. Department of Defense program in 1991–1992. This test targeted a flight-ready, U.S. Transit navigation satellite, yielding collision fragments in the size regime of sub-millimeter through tens of centimeters. Results in this database were used in the 1998 NASA Standard Breakup Model to represent characteristic length (size) and area-to-mass distributions of fragments smaller than 10 cm.     

Reducing variability in short term orbital lifetime prediction

Within the last year three major re-entries occurred. The satellites UARS, ROSAT and Phobos-Grunt entered Earth’s atmosphere with fragments reaching the surface. Due to a number of uncertainties in propagating an object’s trajectory the exact place and time of a satellite’s re-entry is hard to determine. Major influences when predicting the re-entry time are the changing precision of the available orbital data, the satellite’s ballistic coefficient, the activity of the sun which influences the Earth’s atmosphere and the underlying quality of the atmospheric model. In this paper a method is presented which can reduce the variability in short-term orbital lifetime prediction induced by fluctuating orbital data accuracies. A re-entry campaign is used as a reference for this purpose. For a window of a few weeks before the re-entry the position data of a synthetic object is disturbed considering different degrees of orbital data errors. As a result different predictions will exist for the generated position data of a given day. Using a regression algorithm on the available data an average position is obtained, which is then used for the orbital lifetime prediction. The effect of this measure is a more consistent prediction of the orbital lifetime. The paper concludes with the comparison of the generated re-entry windows in various test cases for the original and the averaged data.     

同步轨道多星共位轨道保持技术研究

在广泛调研国外同步轨道多星位置保持技术进展的基础上，总结了目前常用的一些位置保持策略的优劣及影响位置保持策略的主要摄动因素，并针对不同情况提出了可行的位置保持策略。     

动力学补偿受控卫星轨道确定算法(英文)

受控卫星动力学模型中推力加速度的量级远远高于其他摄动的误差量级,观测量主要反映受控卫星动力学模型的误差。本文以跟踪和精确定位空间机动目标为目的,给出基于地面雷达观测,实时估计推力加速度,修正卫星动力学模型的轨道确定算法。通过建立连续推力控制过程变质量动力学模型,给出常推力变加速度满足的运动学微分方程; 建立变加速度估计系统状态方程,和扩展卡尔曼滤波轨道确定算法; 并给出连续推力控制卫星运动状态关于推力加速度的变分运动方程; 实际飞行控制应用表明: 利用地面测量数据,实时估计推力加速度并补偿系统动力学模型,解决了连续受控卫星轨道精确确定问题。     

Constant thrust-V-bar departure under the thruster failure

In this paper, a field-of-view constrained guidance algorithm for -V-bar constant thrust departure under thruster failure is investigated. First of all, the relative position parameters of the chaser are obtained by using the vision measurement and the target departure manoeuvres positions are calculated through the isochronous interpolation method. Then, a new switching control law under constant thrust is designed for the departure manoeuvres. The switching control law is obtained based on the acceleration sequences and the on time of thrusters which can be computed by the time series analysis method. The perturbations and fuel consumptions are addressed during the computation of the on time of thrusters. With the switching control law, the constant thrust-V-bar departure under the thruster failure in the x-axis is carried out by using coupling effects.On the basis of the toolbox of matlab, practical examples for simulation and application are given. The half cone angle of the cone-shaped field-of-view of the target spacecraft is α = 30°, the simulation results show that the proposed guidance algorithm can well satisfy the conditions for the constraints and can make sure the chaser departures from the target spacecraft safely.     

On one approach to the optimization of low-thrust station keeping manoeuvres

A simple and effective mathematical method to calculate optimal station-keeping manoeuvres by means of electric propulsion is suggested. The method is based on a linearization of the satellite motion near a reference orbit. Two versions of the method allow station keeping both in an assigned position and in any position of the orbit. The method is fully analytical for the two-body problem and takes a simpler form for the circular assigned orbit. The suggested method may also be used in the case when constraints are imposed on the thrust direction due to specific features of the satellite stabilization mode. An application of the method to any force field is shown. Illustrative examples of satellite station keeping in a circular orbit are given. Both cases of the station keeping, i.e., in an assigned position and in an assigned orbit, are considered without and with a constraint on the thrust direction.     

低轨航天器磁推进及其能力估算

针对地球空间磁场分布特点,提出可用于实现低轨航天器轨道维持、轨道变更的无质消耗推进技术。从基本的磁学理论出发,建立了带磁航天器在地球空间磁场中的飞行磁推力模型,阐述了通过航天器磁性获取无工质消耗连续推力的磁推进概念和原理,阐明了作用机理,提出了磁力矩解耦的磁力线追踪推力策略,给出了磁推进的能力包络和轨道高度保持与提升的典型估算结果。分析表明,当飞行体磁矩达到10⁶Am²量级以上时,可以有效用于600~1000km范围内轨道高度保持或提升。此外,文章还简要分析了实现高磁矩的技术可行性。     

绳系卫星的一种新型高阶滑模控制器设计

针对绳系卫星轨道转移控制问题,给出绳系卫星在轨机动模型并将面内运动处理为典型的欠驱动形式;为实现对面内摆角的跟踪控制,定义滑模面并建立积分链系统,设计一种新型高阶滑模系绳张力控制律,得到无抖振控制量,这种控制律在保证高精度跟踪的前提下,有效避免了控制抖振现象;关于滑模面的高阶滑模运动建立后,在平衡点对闭环系统线性化,根据劳斯判据,闭环系统在平衡点是局部渐近稳定的。最后,通过仿真分析,验证了所提出控制算法的有效性。     

Local debris congestion in the geosynchronous environment with population augmentation

Forecasting of localized debris congestion in the geostationary (GEO) regime is performed to investigate how frequently near-miss events occur for each of the longitude slots in the GEO ring. The present-day resident space object (RSO) population at GEO is propagated forward in time to determine current debris congestion conditions, and new probability density functions that describe where GEO satellites are inserted into operational orbits are harnessed to assess longitude-dependent congestion in “business-as-usual” launch traffic, with and without re-orbiting at end-of-life. Congestion forecasting for a 50-year period is presented to illustrate the need for appropriately executed mitigation measures in the GEO ring. Results indicate that localized debris congestion will double within 50 years under current 80% re-orbiting success rates.