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71.
72.
本文研究卫星轨道圆化的点火控制策略,发动机推力为有限常值,方向可调。考虑了燃料消耗引起的质量损失。假设圆轨道上有一飞行器在运动,称为虚拟轨道器。只要卫星与虚拟轨道器软交会,就完成了轨道圆化。文中给出了使卫星与虚拟轨道器软交会的推力方向控制策略和点火位置与关车位置的求取方法。仿真结果表明,本文方法与水平推力策略和切向推力策略相比,具有更高的控制精度,而且燃料消耗接近最优。 相似文献
73.
研究了相对黄道面有一定倾角的探测器轨道设计的问题。以金星借力轨道设计为例,分析了轨道偏心率与轨道倾角增量之间的关系。根据C3匹配原理搜索了“地球-中间天体-地球”多天体交会的发射窗口。最后,设计了与地球轨道周期相等的三次地球借力轨道,该轨道倾角可以达到黄纬30°以上。理论分析及仿真结果表明:基于地球引力设计此类轨道时,应采用多天体交会方案,才能既保证地球逃逸能量低,又保证首次飞入地球影响球前轨道偏心率较大的双重指标;同时应采用多次地球借力方案,该方案具有每次借力后轨道偏心率逐渐减小的特点,当其减小到零时,再次借力后轨道倾角不会继续增加。 相似文献
74.
75.
文章评价了颗粒大于1cm的碎片模型,它包含大于10cm的一组粒子和介于1~10cm之间的粒子,它们是由空间暴露模拟得到的。接着讨论了尺寸范围介于0.1~10mm之间的小粒子束流。假定这些粒子主要是由小粒子与卫星碰撞产生的。这种碰撞主要发生在450~500kin的高度范围内(空间站高度),碰撞与否还取决于轨道高度和离心率。 相似文献
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77.
C.L. Stokely E.G. Stansbery R.M. Goldstein 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
The continual monitoring of the low Earth orbit (LEO) debris environment using highly sensitive radars is essential for an accurate characterization of these dynamic populations. Debris populations are continually evolving since there are new debris sources, previously unrecognized debris sources, and debris loss mechanisms that are dependent on the dynamic space environment. Such radar data are used to supplement, update, and validate existing orbital debris models. NASA has been utilizing radar observations of the debris environment for over a decade from three complementary radars: the NASA JPL Goldstone radar, the MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MIT/LL) Long Range Imaging Radar (known as the Haystack radar), and the MIT/LL Haystack Auxiliary radar (HAX). All of these systems are highly sensitive radars that operate in a fixed staring mode to statistically sample orbital debris in the LEO environment. Each of these radars is ideally suited to measure debris within a specific size region. The Goldstone radar generally observes objects with sizes from 2 mm to 1 cm. The Haystack radar generally measures from 5 mm to several meters. The HAX radar generally measures from 2 cm to several meters. These overlapping size regions allow a continuous measurement of cumulative debris flux versus diameter from 2 mm to several meters for a given altitude window. This is demonstrated for all three radars by comparing the debris flux versus diameter over 200 km altitude windows for 3 nonconsecutive years from 1998 to 2003. These years correspond to periods before, during, and after the peak of the last solar cycle. Comparing the year to year flux from Haystack for each of these altitude regions indicate statistically significant changes in subsets of the debris populations. Potential causes of these changes are discussed. These analysis results include error bars that represent statistical sampling errors. 相似文献
78.
编队卫星相对运动描述方法综述 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对于近地轨道卫星编队飞行的相对运动理论研究,可以采用的方法包括直角坐标法和 轨道要素法。利用直角坐标法得到的相对运动动力学方程可以用于编队队形控制研究,轨道 要素法能够给出相对运动的运动学描述,便于定量研究摄动影响和进行编队队形设计。分析 了直角坐标法在描述卫星长期编队飞行方面的局限性,综述了利用轨道要素描述编队卫星相 对运动的各种研究方法,包括轨道要素差法、相对轨道要素法和参照轨道要素法等。 相似文献
79.
区域观察小卫星星座重构方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在对地观测任务中,经过优化设计的卫星星座通常具有较强的适应能力。但是,当星座中某颗卫星失效或地面需求发生变化时,就需要进行星座重构,以恢复或增强对部分地区的观察能力。提出了小卫星区域观察组网的方法,重点探讨了在应急情况下区域观察小卫星星座的重构问题,研究了节省能量的卫星轨道机动方法,特别提出了保持轨道属性和星座基本构形的预置量机动方法,分析了应急机动星座重构的几种情况,给出了每种情况的星座重构策略。 相似文献
80.
Low earth orbit has become increasingly congested as the satellite population has grown over the past few decades, making orbital debris a major concern for the operational stability of space assets. This congestion was highlighted by the collision of the Iridium 33 and Cosmos 2251 satellites in 2009. This paper addresses the current state of orbital debris regulation in the United States and asks what might be done through policy change to mitigate risks in the orbital debris environment. A brief discussion of the nature of orbital debris addresses the major contributing factors including size classes, locations of population concentrations, projected satellite populations, and current challenges presented in using post-mission active debris removal to mitigate orbital debris. An overview of the current orbital debris regulatory structure of the United States reveals the fragmented nature of having six regulating bodies providing varying levels of oversight to their markets. A closer look into the regulatory policy of these agencies shows that, while they all take direction from The U.S. Government Orbital Debris Mitigation Standard Practices, this policy is a guideline with no real penalty for non-compliance. Various policy solutions to the orbital debris problem are presented, ranging from a business as usual approach to a consolidated regulation system which would encourage spacecraft operator compliance. The positive aspects of these options are presented as themes that would comprise an effective policy shift towards successful LEO conservation. Potential economic and physical limitations to this policy approach are also addressed. 相似文献