一种考虑地球扁率的卫星自主导航方法研究

研究用2个红外地球敏感器和1个星敏感器实现卫星自主导航的方法,地心矢量的测量精度是影响导航精度的重要原因之一,而地心矢量的测量又受到地球扁率的影响.研究地球扁率对地心矢量测量的影响,并提出一种零姿态扁率误差补偿方法,通过仿真验证了这种导航方法及扁率误差补偿算法的有效性.     

基于凸优化技术的多目标鲁棒滤波组合导航方法

Kalman滤波在组合导航中的应用已很广泛,但是,在系统不确定情况下,误差出现发散,精度下降,采用的基于Riccati方程的H∞滤波技术对系统噪声的不确定性则具有一定的鲁棒性,但性能参数选取仅能凭经验而无系统的方法,给工程实践带来一定困难.根据现代控制理论最优控制理论思想,使用凸优化技术设计鲁棒混合H2/H∞滤波器融合高精度的GPS和CNS量测信息,解决系统不确定性问题,通过在惯性/卫星/天文组合系统中的半物理数据仿真进一步对混合H2/H∞滤波和H∞滤波算法进行了比较.仿真结果表明,真实器件噪声情况下,鲁棒混合H2/H∞滤波算法明显具有良好的精度.     

GPS星间链路技术及自主导航算法分析

介绍和分析了美国GPS系统星间链路设备配置和链路协议,并阐述了星间链路工作模式,同时,描述了GPS卫星采用的基本自主导航算法,给出了线性化卡尔曼滤波器状态向量和导出的距离测量公式,可为进一步开展仿真验证工作提供参考。     

国外空间用三反离轴相机发展分析与思考

空间用三反离轴光学系统自20世纪70年代提出,从90年代开始在多个国家的卫星光学有效载荷中已经或计划得到应用并快速发展,技术基本成熟,领域涉及到对地观测、空间目标探测、天文观测、多光谱热成像、立体测绘等,但是普遍认为制造装调技术比较难.文章通过广泛调研国外三反离轴系统在空间的应用和发展现状,并按应用情况、系统参数和系统构型进行了分类比较,分析其发展趋势,为中国空间相机发展三反离轴光学系统提供借鉴.     

基于卫星导航定位应用的高空气象探测系统

高空气象探测系统是人们获取地球大气层内气象信息的不可缺少的常规手段,由于受到常规手段本身的制约,探测精度、机动能力等重要指标难以得到进一步的提高;通过发展在常规手段上集成基于卫星导航定位应用模块的空间应用技术,可以极大地改善其探测精度,提高其机动应用效能,同时,也拓展了卫星导航定位应用的新的领域,促进了卫星导航定位应用产业的发展。     

波音737自动捷联惯导系统建模与仿真

分析了真实飞机上惯性导航系统的基本原理,加速度计和陀螺仪工作原理及其测量输出参数。结合航空仿真技术发展和全任务飞行模拟器样机的任务需求,在MATLAB/SIMULINK平台上构建捷联惯性导航仿真模型;利用RT-LAB平台构建分布式飞行仿真系统,实现导航外部特性的半实物仿真;建立导航数据库,用于导航计算以确定飞机即时位置以及导航台自动调谐管理。将导航系统仿真模块作为整个系统仿真中的一个节点,实现与模拟机自动驾驶仪系统进行信息交互,从而实现自动导航。     

Inner Attitude Integration Algorithm Based on Fault Detection for Strapdown Inertial Attitude and Heading Reference System

This article proposes a new inner attitude integration algorithm to improve attitude accuracy of the strapdown inertial attitude and heading reference system(SIAHRS), which, by means of a Kalman filter, integrates the calculated attitude from the accelerometers in inertial measuring unit(IMU), called damping attitudes, with those from the conventional IMU. As vehicle's acceleration could produce damping attitude errors, the horizontal outputs from accelerometers are firstly used to judge the vehicle's motion so as to determine whether the damping attitudes could be reasonably applied. This article also analyzes the limitation of this approach. Furthermore, it suggests a residual chi-square test to judge the validity of damping attitude measurement in real time, and accordingly puts forward proper information fusion strategy. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved through the experiments on a real system in dynamic and static states.     

Radio/FADS/IMU integrated navigation for Mars entry

Supposing future orbiting and landing collaborative exploration mission as the potential project background, this paper addresses the issue of Mars entry integrated navigation using radio beacon, flush air data sensing system (FADS), and inertial measurement unit (IMU). The range and Doppler information sensed from an orbiting radio beacon, the dynamic pressure and heating data sensed from flush air data sensing system, and acceleration and attitude angular rate outputs from an inertial measurement unit are integrated in an unscented Kalman filter to perform state estimation and suppress the system and measurement noise. Computer simulations show that the proposed integrated navigation scheme can enhance the navigation accuracy, which enables precise entry guidance for the given Mars orbiting and landing collaborative exploration mission.     

Comment: On the different approaches of Rayleigh optical depth determination

Srivastava et al. (2009) presented Rayleigh scattering cross-sections and optical depths for Earth’s atmosphere that are approximately 3% smaller than previously accepted. Their analysis was based on quantum-mechanical theory for anisotropic scattering in the Cabannes line published in papers that seem to have introduced some confusion about determining the anisotropy and King factors. This comment clarifies these factors and shows that including the frequency-shifted rotational Raman lines gives the traditional King factor and the correct Rayleigh scattering for the optical depth.     

星间相对测量自主导航的改进容积卡尔曼滤波

针对仅利用星间相对位置测量的双星自主导航系统，提出一种基于可观度的改进容积卡尔曼滤波算法。该算法从系统可观度的物理意义出发，通过对预测协方差阵进行在线调整改善标准容积卡尔曼滤波算法对系统可观度敏感和不满足滤波拟一致性等问题。对具体算例进行数值仿真，校验了该改进容积卡尔曼滤波算法在基于星间相对位置测量的双星自主导航系统中的有效性，与标准容积卡尔曼滤波相比趋稳更快，精度更高。