无尾桨直升机实验研究(英文)

环量控制尾梁是无尾桨直升机反扭矩新技术。为了研究不同参数对环量控制尾梁的影响 ,设计制造了两个环量控制尾梁模型 ,本文介绍了该模型分别在风洞中和旋翼下进行的分布压力测量实验。通过对实验结果的分析、讨论 ,阐述了动量系数、缝隙几何参数以及相对来流速度等参数对环量控制尾梁上气动力的影响 ,并从理论上对实验结果进行了合理的解释。     

Advances on Technology and Application of Ocean Color Remote Sensing in China (2004 - 2006)

China has great progress in the technology and application of ocean color remote sensing during 2004-2006. In this report, firstly, four major technical advances are displaying, including (1) the vector radiative transfer numerical model of coupled ocean-atmosphere system; (2) the atmospheric correction algorithm specialized on Chinese high turbid water; (3) systematical research of hyper-spectrum ocean color remote sensing; (4) local algorithms of oceanic parameters, like ocean color components, ocean primary productivity, water transparency, water quality parameters, etc. On the foundation of technical advances, ocean color remote sensing takes effect on ocean environment monitoring, with four major kinds of application systems, namely, (1) the automatic multi-satellites data receiving, processing and application system; (2) the shipboard satellite data receiving and processing system for fishery ground information; (3) Coastal water quality monitoring system, integrating satellite and airborne remote sensing technology and ship measurement; (4) the preliminary system of airborne ocean color remote sensing application system. Finally, the prospective development of Chinese ocean color remote sensing is brought forward. With Chinese second ocean color satellite (HY-1B) orbiting, great strides will take place in Chinese ocean color information accumulation and application.     

First quality assessment of the Cryosat-2 altimetric system over ocean

This paper presents the results of a Calval analysis performed for the Cryosat-2 mission over ocean. The data set used in this analysis consists of products generated by the Cryosat-2 Processor Prototype developed by CNES (Center National d’Etudes Spatiales). This data set has been analysed focusing on LRM (Low Resolution Mode) mode only. One major objective of this paper is to illustrate the potential of Cryosat-2 data over ocean, mainly for waves and Sea Level Anomaly applications. All the results indicate very good performances of the SIRAL (SAR/Interferometric Altimeter) altimeter over ocean. Crossover standard deviation is close to 6.5 cm over the analysed period (3 months) which is close to the Jason-2 and ENVISAT performance. All these results confirm that Cryosat’s altimeter can provide data almost as valuable as other flying altimetric missions, and that it has the potential to contribute to oceanography (e.g. multi-mission climate record, mesoscale monitoring in near real time) and to geodesy (e.g. mean sea surface, bathymetry).     

一种压气机叶型的可控环量尾缘造型方法

为了提高压气机叶型负荷,提出了一种可控环量尾缘造型方法,该方法对叶型尾缘处弦长2%的区域进行特殊造型,通过改变流动后驻点位置从而提高叶型环量,增加叶型气流转角。在不同马赫数及雷诺数下进行数值模拟得到了一致的结论。数值模拟结果显示:以设计进气角D因子为0.52的叶型为基准叶型,采用可控环量尾缘造型后叶型气流转角可提高21%,同时总压损失基本无变化,部分叶型甚至在气流转角提高的同时总压损失有所降低。而当气流折转角相同时,可控环量尾缘可以比传统尾缘的总压损失更小。      

一种可任意给定环量分布的螺旋桨设计方法

提出了一种螺旋桨快速设计方法,该方法可以根据任意给定的环量分布及工况快速设计出高效率螺旋桨的几何外形（桨叶弦长、扭转角分布）。为对比有叶素阻力与无叶素阻力的最佳环量分布形式,首先对计入和不计叶素阻力下的最佳环量分布表达式进行了推导,分析了各参数对最佳环量分布形状的影响。然后基于片条理论进行了逆向推导,建立了以环量分布为输入的螺旋桨快速设计方法,并分析了螺旋桨理想效率的影响因素,发现理想效率的水平与来流动压、桨盘载荷有关。最后进行了螺旋桨设计实践,对比分析了不同环量分布下螺旋桨性能的差异。结果表明,所提出的设计方法能够根据给定环量分布进行精确设计,相对误差不超过7%,设计性能与参考文献中设计结果的差别不超过2%。      

关于物资配送的探讨

随着物资流通体制改革的不断深化和社会化大生产的需要,建立高效、通畅、可调控的物资流通体系,实现物流社会化、现代化、合理化是当前的紧迫问题。代表先进物流方式的物资配送问题,引起了人们的关注。本文就物资配送的几个问题作一些探讨。     

Euler computation of the nearfield wake vortex of an aircraft in take-off configuration

Numerical simulations based on the three-dimensional Euler equations are used to investigate the predictive capability of an Euler code for calculations of the nearfield wake of a narrow-body airliner wind tunnel model in take-off configuration up to a half span behind the wing tip trailing edge. Simulation results on both structured and unstructured grids are presented. The results on the block-structured grid were obtained within the scope of the EU-project EUROWAKE. The simulation quality of the vortex formation and spatial development is analysed by comparison to wind tunnel measurements of the spanwise lift distribution available from the EU-project DUPRIN II and to experimental PIV data available from the EU-project EUROWAKE.     

共轴双旋翼前飞气动特性固定尾迹分析

采用无限片桨叶的固定尾迹分析法,建立了前飞状态下共轴双旋翼的固定尾迹模型,对共轴双旋翼的前飞气动特性进行了理论研究.得到给定几何参数、桨盘间距和飞行状态下求解上下旋翼气动特性的完整算法.通过与试验数据对比证明了理论方法的正确性.      

航空与航天大气环境医学工程及其进展

[目的]阐明突破空间大气环境障碍的人机工程内容之一航空航天大气环境医学工程的作用,地位与相互关系及主要进展。 [方法]在运用苏俄和美国等有关资料以及我国预研资料的基础上,对航空航天大气环境医学工程进行较系统的阐述。 [内容]航空航天大气环境因素的危害、航空大气环境医学工程的作用、航天大气环境医学工程的作用、航空航天大气环境医学工程的相互关系。[结论]航空航天大气环境医学工程的基本作用是防护低压、缺氧、高低温和舱内污染等4大有害因素,它保证了飞行员和航天员的安全性并兼顾了航天员的适居性和工效学要求。航空航天大气环境医学工程的相互关系是 3个结合:航空医学与航天医学 (医医结合),航空工程与航天工程 (工工结合),航空航天医学与航空航天工程 (医工结合),而且尚待进一步加强。资料表明,航空航天大气环境医学工程展示了高新的发展前景。     

利用雷达高度计的卫星自主导航

介绍了分别采用斜装天线的雷达高度计，以及雷达高度计与其他敏感器组合实现卫星导航的基本原理。分析了三种不同的雷达高度计组合方案。研究认为影响雷达高度计自主导航精度的关键因素是地形起伏，并由此提出了一个采用雷达高度计、红外地平仪、CCD星敏感器和惯性测量组件的适于近地海洋卫星导航系统组成的设计。