对地观测卫星调度的混合整数规划模型及求解

首先简要介绍对地观测卫星的成像过程,详细分析多星调度过程中涉及的各种约束。在此基础上,将对地观测卫星调度问题看作一类具有时间窗口的并行机器调度问题,对其进行了数学描述,并建立对地观测卫星调度的混合整数规划模型。采用列生成法,将多卫星调度问题分解为集合分割主问题和单卫星调度子问题,通过循环迭代来求解调度模型。最后,针对本文提出的算法设计一个问题实例,并给出算法计算结果。结果分析表明,列生成法的效率与问题规模大小相关。     

基于天基光学短弧观测的GEO卫星分选

提出一种基于天基光学短弧观测数据集分选同步带目标的方法,引入测量属性和约束域概念。为利用短弧观测数据中的有效信息,以目标和平台的相对距离和距离变化率为坐标轴,建立约束域平面。利用GEO（地球同步轨道）目标运动特点,通过能量约束和假设轨道反演2种方法,从多个目标轨迹中分选出GEO目标。仿真结果表明,该算法可在数据库不完备的条件下通过短弧观测分选出同步轨道卫星。     

地基设备布站对空间碎片观测能力的影响分析

建立空间碎片地面观测站时,需要用数值仿真工具对其观测能力进行评估和分析.评估观测站能力的重要指标是测站设备对空间碎片的观测量和可观测频度.先进的设备指标和合适的测站位置能够大大提高观测能力.本文使用STK,PROOF等软件,对不同测站雷达和光学设备的观测能力(过境率和探测率)进行了数值仿真和比较分析,得到了一些初步结论,对于空间碎片监测网的设计有一定的参考作用.      

基于MATLAB与ODTK的卫星轨道确定精度仿真分析方法

在航天器轨道确定中,观测数据处理是一项繁杂的工作。介绍了以MATLAB对轨道确定工具箱Orbit Determination Tool Kit(ODTK)进行脚本控制的方法和步骤,并以最小二乘法为例,进行卫星轨道确定精度仿真分析。通过仿真算例分析,表明利用MATLAB与ODTK进行联合仿真能够快速、有效地进行卫星轨道确定数据处理。     

Pre-correction X-ray pulsar navigation algorithm based on asynchronous overlapping observation method

In order to shorten the data update period and further improve the accuracy, a pre-correction X-ray pulsar navigation algorithm based on asynchronous overlapping observation method is proposed. The asynchronous overlapping observation method partially overlaps the two adjacent observation periods, so that the data update period depends on the minimum pulsar observation period rather than the maximum like the other algorithms. The number of sampling points is also reduced to 2, which will effectively reduce the calculation burden. The proposed pre-correction extended Kalman filter uses observation data of adjacent sampling points to achieve a two-fold correction and makes up for the problem of insufficient observations on some sampling points caused by the observation method. Finally, simulations show that the proposed algorithm reduces the position and velocity errors by 21.55% and 19.13% compared to the EKF based on asynchronous observation method when using three detectors to observe the corresponding pulsars simultaneously. At the same time, the running time of one data update calculation is only 6.6% more than that of the EKF algorithm based on synchronous observation method.     

An optimization approach for observation association with systemic uncertainty applied to electro-optical systems

The observation to observation measurement association problem for dynamical systems can be addressed by determining if the uncertain admissible regions produced from each observation have one or more points of intersection in state space. An observation association method is developed which uses an optimization based approach to identify local Mahalanobis distance minima in state space between two uncertain admissible regions. A binary hypothesis test with a selected false alarm rate is used to assess the probability that an intersection exists at the point(s) of minimum distance. The systemic uncertainties, such as measurement uncertainties, timing errors, and other parameter errors, define a distribution about a state estimate located at the local Mahalanobis distance minima. If local minima do not exist, then the observations are not associated. The proposed method utilizes an optimization approach defined on a reduced dimension state space to reduce the computational load of the algorithm. The efficacy and efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated on observation data collected from the Georgia Tech Space Object Research Telescope.     

SiC/SiBCN-Si3N4复合材料力学性能研究

为了深入了解SiC/SiBCN-Si₃N₄材料微观形貌与高温力学行为,建立科学可靠的定量表征方法,本文使用多种表征手段对SiC/SiBCN-Si₃N₄材料进行定量观测,首先进行材料孔隙率及密度的测试,随后进行材料高温原位力学性能测试并对材料损伤机理进行了分析,最后基于试验数据构建了一种可解释的深度学习模型,实现了材料高温非线性本构关系预测。样件力学性能分析结果表明：平均应力预测误差为0.27%~0.59%、平均应变预测误差为1.96%~3.41%;同时通过量化分析明确了影响力学性能的因素依次为温度、偏轴角度、孔隙率及密度。本文实现了不同环境温度、偏轴角度与外载荷作用下SiC/SiBCN-Si₃N₄宏观力学性能的预测,可为陶瓷基复合材料高温本构模型的建立提供新思路。     

新一代无源微波遥感器及其在地球同步卫星上的应用研究

星载无源微波遥感已发展成为观测大气与地球表面的重要手段，地球同步气象卫星上使用的微波遥感仪器必须是新一代先进的遥感器；它应兼备传统的无源微波大气探测仪及微波成像仪的双重功能。本文叙述了国际上新一代星载无源微波遥感器的研究现状和发展趋势，讨论了在地球同步气象卫星上装载无源微波遥感仪器的可行性及其关键技术，并研究了其频率的选择问题。     

多目标遥外综合测量体制靶场布站几何理论分析与仿真

从多目标遥外综合测量体制的定位原理入手 ,对定位误差与布站几何的关系作了较细致的分析 ,提出靶场最优布站几何。试验和仿真结果表明 ,该几何布局可以满足系统要求     

The enigma of small satellites for earth observation

Small satellites have captured a continuously increasing share of the market in the fields of science, technology and recently also in the telecommunications and Earth observation areas. User requirements and market opportunities for space based satellite systems for Earth observation products have grown substantially in the past decade. Criteria for the utilization of different classes of satellite systems (small and large) and analogies to developments in other areas, e.g. the telecommunications field are discussed. The end to end character of service and product oriented systems as key criteria for market success in the scientific, applications and commercial areas is underlined. Recent developments in the global change, the Earth observation applications and commercial sectors are reviewed and compared. Opportunities for small satellites in the field are related to technology advancements, cost reduction options, and progress in the state of the art in system design.