Fluid structure interaction simulation of supersonic parachute inflation by an interface tracking method

An Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) approach with interface tracking is developed in this paper to simulate the supersonic parachute inflation. A two-way interaction between a nonlinear finite element method and a finite volume method is accomplished. In order to apply this interface tracking method to problems with instantaneous large deformation and self-contact, a new virtual structure contact method is proposed to leave room for the body-fitted mesh between the contact structural surfaces. In addition, the breakpoint due to the fluid mesh with negative volume is losslessly restarted by the conservative interpolation method. Based on this method, fluid and structural dynamic behaviors of a highly folded disk-gap-band parachute are obtained. Numerical results such as maximum Root Mean Square (RMS) drag, general canopy shape and the smallest canopy projected areas in the terminal descent state are in accordance with the wind tunnel test results. This analysis reveals the inflation law of the disk-gap-band parachute and provides a new numerical method for supersonic parachute design.     

空心气冷低压涡轮动叶气热耦合数值模拟

以空心气冷低压涡轮动叶为研究对象,采用高质量的流体域和固体域网格控制技术,带转捩模型的双方程SST湍流模型,开展了基于CFD方法的叶片气热耦合问题研究。获得了不同冷气流量比(分别为1.0%,1.38%,1.8%和2.2%)、温比(分别为2.1,2.25,2.3,2.4和2.5)和压比(分别为1.4,1.6和1.8)对叶片换热特性的影响规律,设计状态中截面按弧长平均的叶片壁面金属温度计算值较试验值偏小0.3%,气热耦合计算的叶片壁面温度分布与试验结果吻合良好,验证了气热强耦合计算方法的精度,为涡轮叶片温度场分析提供了一种有效的方法。     

卫星导航定位方程的病态条件

定位精度因子(PDOP)上限取值是导航星座设计及其性能评价的基本依据。本文系统地论述卫星导航定位方程及其精度评定算法以及线性方程病态条件,通过实测和仿真数值试验结果对比分析,详细论证PDOP与卫星导航定位方程病态条件的关系,进而确定PDOP上限取值,以满足实际工程应用需求。     

A CFD-based numerical virtual flight simulator and its application in control law design of a maneuverable missile model

A CFD-based Numerical Virtual Flight (NVF) simulator is presented, which integrates an unsteady flow solver on moving hybrid grids, a Rigid-Body Dynamics (RBD) solver and a module of the Flight Control System (FCS). A technique of dynamic hybrid grids is developed to control the active control surfaces with body morphing, with a technique of parallel unstructured dynamic overlapping grids generating proper moving grids over the deflecting control surfaces (e.g. the afterbody rudders of a missile). For the flow/kinematic coupled problems, the 6 Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) equations are solved by an explicit or implicit method coupled with the URANS CFD solver. The module of the control law is explicitly coupled into the NVF simulator and then improved by the simulation of the pitching maneuver process of a maneuverable missile model. A nonlinear dynamic inversion method is then implemented to design the control law for the pitching process of the maneuverable missile model. Simulations and analysis of the pitching maneuver process are carried out by the NVF simulator to improve the flight control law. Higher control response performance is obtained by adjusting the gain factors and adding an integrator into the control loop.     

等离子体助燃下超燃支板燃烧室燃烧特性数值研究

为了将支板喷注器与等离子体射流这两种促进超声速燃烧室燃烧的方式结合起来,设计了一种带有等离子体射流喷孔的支板燃烧室,并在超声速来流的条件下,针对燃料喷注总压、燃料喷注位置、等离子体射流介质、等离子体射流总压对燃烧室燃烧性能的影响进行了三维数值模拟。研究发现:增大燃料的喷注总压,燃烧室的燃烧范围明显增大,燃烧效率呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,在燃料喷注总压为2.0MPa时,燃烧效率达到最大值90.4%;不同的燃料喷注位置对燃烧室的燃烧范围影响较小;等离子体射流介质为O2时,燃烧效率最高,燃烧范围最广;提高等离子体射流的喷注总压,能够提升凹腔剪切层高度,有效促进燃烧,但同时也带来了更高的总压损失。     

一种引射增强型二次喉道新方案的数值模拟

为提高大型超声速风洞的运行经济性,设计了一种通过引射低总压冷介质提高扩压性能的新型二次喉道扩压器,其结构特征是在扩压器收敛段前方增加侧壁凹槽,在凹槽前沿位置引入低总压常温空气作为冷介质,通过引射扩散作用在扩压器壁面形成气膜,调节二次喉道实际流通直径,较大程度上增强二次喉道的静压恢复能力,同时又降低二次喉道壁面热负荷,冷却壁面。数值验证结果表明,所设计新型二次喉道方案可通过调节引射气量自适应较宽范围的运行条件,有效隔离扩压器壁面直接接触高温燃气,同时提高了扩压能力,节省后段接力引射器的主动流流量近30%,对风洞运行经济性提升十分明显。     

胶质微推进液滴加速过程的数值模拟

采用拉格朗日粒子跟踪法计算液滴的运动轨迹,对胶质推进器中带电液滴在加速区的运动过程进行了数值模拟,获得液滴速度和密度的空间分布。使用两种溶剂(TBP3,甲酰胺)作为推进剂,分析了电压、流量变化对喷雾扩散角、液滴轴向速度及对推进器性能的影响。模拟结果表明,随着电压的增加,液滴轴向速度增大,喷雾扩散角减小;随着流量的增大,液滴轴向速度和喷雾扩散角均减小;使用甲酰胺推进剂比使用TP3推进剂得到更高的推力和比冲;模拟得到的推进器性能能良好符合实验结果。     

附面层抽吸对叶栅表面分离流动控制的实验研究

以某高亚声速叶栅风洞为实验平台,运用粒子成像测速仪(PIV)对平面叶栅吸力面进行了附面层抽吸试验研究。验证了附面层抽吸技术在附面层分离流动控制方面的可行性和有效性。通过与数值模拟结果的对比分析,验证了本试验测量结果的可靠性。通过对不同抽吸位置处抽吸效果的研究表明:在同一抽气量下,合适的抽吸位置是控制附面层分离的重要因素。当抽吸位置处于分离起始点与严重分离区之间时,附面层分离才能够得到明显的抑制,流场结构得到显著的改善。     

圆柱坐标系下连续旋转爆轰发动机的数值模拟

使用两步化学反应模型对连续旋转爆轰发动机(Continuous rotating detonation engine,CRDE)进行了二维数值模拟研究。数值计算获得了同轴圆管腔中间层曲面上连续爆轰的多个循环过程。分析了燃料入射、提前燃烧、爆轰波结构和波传播速度等几个关键问题。计算获得燃烧室内流场结构与之前实验研究结果定性符合。计算中燃料以最大1400m/s沿轴向入射,爆轰波可约以2400m/s沿周向连续循环传播。计算的燃烧室内爆轰波循环频率约为2300Hz。     

凹腔双驻涡稳焰冷态流场初步研究

驻涡燃烧室凹腔内流场对其燃烧性能有重要的影响,为了找出凹腔流场的特性,使用数值和实验两种手段对凹腔内双驻涡稳焰冷态流场进行了初步研究。研究结果表明:在主流速度和凹腔前壁面吹气速度一定的情况下存在一个最佳的后壁面吹气速度使得凹腔内的流场稳定,以满足先进燃烧室所期望的条件。研究成果初步确定了凹腔双驻涡稳焰冷态流场特征,并为开展热态研究打下基础。