Primordial Helium and ΔY/ΔZ from H II Regions and from Fine Structure in the Main Sequence Based on Hipparcos Parallaxes

The primordial helium abundance YP is important for cosmology and the ratio Y/Z of the changes relative to primordial abundances constrains models of stellar evolution. While the most accurate estimates of YP come from emission lines in extragalactic H II regions, they involve an extrapolation to zero metallicity which itself is closely tied up with the slope Y/Z. Recently certain systematic effects have come to light in this exercise which make it useful to have an independent estimate of Y/Z from fine structure in the main sequence of nearby stars. We derive such an estimate from Hipparcos data for stars with Z Z and find values between 2 and 3, which are consistent with stellar models, but still have a large uncertainty.     

飞机主梁疲劳裂纹萌生声发射信号的识别方法

 提出利用多参数识别和相关技术在高背景噪声环境下获取裂纹萌生所产生的声发射信号,并在试验进行到近 5 0 0 0 fh时预报出主梁螺栓孔长度不足 0 .5 mm裂纹的萌生     

发展空—地数据链面临的问题

70年代ARINC和SITA公司建立了为航空公司运营服务的空—地VHF数据链,采用面向字符协议.其机载设备分别为ACARS和AIRCOM,两家公司分别在全球建立了地面通信网路.新CNS/ATM系统所定义的空—地数据链不论通信的物理手段用卫星、VHF或S模式,均在面向位的协议下,可以在航空电信网(ATN)中互连传送.任何一个国家发展空—地数据链时都面临着选择,应考虑是迁就旧体制发展面向字符的网路,还是一步到位地直接发展面向位的网络.     

证券投资组合的优化分析

在日趋发达的商品经济社会,证券投资在各类经济活动中有着重要的地位.如何从几种证券中选择最优投资组合,这就是证券投资组合分析的内容.主要介绍从建立数学模型,选用非线性分析的数值计算方法,到在微机上实现的过程和最终的分析结果.     

复合弯掠定制叶型技术在对旋风机设计中的应用

简要介绍了复合弯掠定制叶型技术及其特点,论述了将该技术应用于对旋风机改型设计的工程实例。风机改型设计结果表明,该技术的应用,使对旋风机的效率及喘振裕度明显提高,叶片厚度和重量都有较大的减小。该实例验证了基于航空发动机高压压气机设计体系的复合弯掠定制叶型技术,在低速对旋风机设计中也具有良好的实用性和有效性。     

Radio Wave Emission from the Outer Planets Before Cassini

We review observations and theories of radio wave emissions from the outer planets. These include radio emissions from the auroral regions and from the radiation belts, low-frequency electromagnetic emissions, and atmospheric lightning. For each of these emissions, we present in more details our knowledge of the Saturn counterpart, as well as expectations for Cassini. We summarize the capabilities of the radio instrument onboard Cassini, observations performed during the Jupiter flyby, and first (remote) observations of Saturn. Open questions are listed along with the specific observations that may bring responses to them. The coordinated observations (from the ground and from space) that would be valuable to perform in parallel to Cassini measurements are briefly discussed. Finally, we outline future missions and perspectives.     

富油/快速淬熄/贫油驻涡燃烧室低NO_x排放

1引言过去的30年中,传统的旋流稳定的燃烧室的设计在不断改进,这些改进减少了污染排放并且有许多已成功用于生产之中。GE飞机发动机公司和AFRL共同开发了一项用于燃气涡轮发动机的新的燃烧技术,由于在凹腔中的火焰是通过驻涡稳定,因此这种燃烧室称为驻涡燃烧室[1~3]。同时,富油     

进气道物面贴体坐标生成的几何自适应控制方法

针对轴对称进气道跨音速绕流问题的特点,用几何自适应的方法和椭圆型方程构筑了适合流场特征的贴体坐标系,并用AF3格式计算了A－27进气道物面上的压力分布。计算结果表明：几何自适应方法能够控制进气道物面上网点的疏密,给出进气进物面上网点的良好分布,从而为进气道跨音速绕流问题的准确计算奠定了基础。     

LPP低污染燃烧室单头部燃烧性能试验

对贫油预混预蒸发(LPP)低污染燃烧室单头部三级旋流器进行燃烧性能试验,研究不同的油气比、进口空气流量和进口空气温度以及值班级喷嘴安装位置对燃烧室出口截面燃烧性能的影响,获得了燃烧室出口截面温度分布、燃烧效率以及污染物排放的规律.试验结果表明:①油气比增加,NOx排放相应增加;头部A燃烧性能稍优于头部B;②同一油气比下进口空气温度越高,其燃烧污染物排放越多;进口空气流量越大,污染物排放越少;③值班级喷嘴安装位置对LPP低污染燃烧室燃烧性能有一定影响.      

燃油分级比对LESS燃烧室压力振荡频率的影响

实验研究了燃油分级比对low emissions with stirred swirls(LESS)燃烧室压力振荡频率的影响,在燃烧室进口压力为1.14~2.77MPa,燃烧室进口温度为645~808K,总油气比为0.0242~0.0303,燃烧室压降为3.14%~3.64%范围内,随着燃油分级比减小(32.7%降到5.21%),压力振荡频率下降.采用了简单均匀介质直管道模型和CFD数值方法分析燃油分级比对压力振荡频率的影响.结果表明:燃油分级比引起火焰区的起始位置、轴向长度和平均温度的变化是导致压力振荡频率变化的主要原因.