贫油预混预蒸发低污染燃烧室流场特性试验

采用粒子图像测速(PIV)技术测量带双环旋流多点燃油直接喷射(TAMI)头部的贫油预混预蒸发(LPP)低污染燃烧室流场特性,试验相同进口条件下冷态及喷雾燃烧时流场结构,通过分析平均流场涡量、湍流强度及切应变率等特性参数来详细说明喷雾燃烧对贫油预混预蒸发(LPP)低污染燃烧室流场的影响,并且研究了不同进口参数对其燃烧流场的影响.试验结果表明:①装有此头部的LPP低污染燃烧室喷雾燃烧流场回流区比冷态流场要小,并且平均流场特性参数在燃烧前后变化比较大;②随着进口油气比增加,中心回流区变短变胖;③随着进口空气量增加,回流区变窄变长.本试验所获得的流场特性结果可为低污染燃烧室的设计提供了一定的参考.      

超高速撞击声发射信号在Whipple结构中的传播时序特性研究

为研究屏/舱声发射信号传播时序特性,以典型Whipple防护结构为例,利用二级轻气炮对其进行超高速撞击实验。首先,利用独立于靶件的“遮挡板”阻挡弹丸击穿前板形成的二次碎片云撞击后板,利用布置在前、后板特定位置的超声换能器采集单纯的前板声发射信号,分析信号模态特征,结果表明：前板信号主要包括S0、A0和S2等三种模态板波,经圆柱支撑构件传播进入后板之后,全部转换为A0模态板波。在此基础上,建立了屏/舱声发射信号到达时序预测公式。其次,撤除遮挡板,利用布置在后板特定位置的超声换能器采集前、后板信号的混叠信号,分析两种信号的到达时序并与预测结果进行对比,结果验证了达时序预测公式的有效性。     

Multi-wavelength study of the short term TeV flaring activity from the blazar Mrk 501 observed in June 2014

In this work, we study the short term flaring activity from the high synchrotron peaked blazar Mrk 501 detected by the FACT and H.E.S.S. telescopes in the energy range 2–20 TeV during June 23–24, 2014 (MJD 56831.86–56831.94). We revisit this major TeV flare of the source in the context of near simultaneous multi-wavelength observations of $\gamma$–rays in MeV-GeV regime with Fermi-LAT, soft X-rays in 0.3–10 keV range with Swift-XRT, hard X-rays in 10–20 keV and 15–50 keV bands with MAXI and Swift-BAT respectively, UV-Optical with Swift-UVOT and 15 GHz radio with OVRO telescope. We have performed a detailed temporal and spectral analysis of the data from Fermi-LAT, Swift-XRT and Swift-UVOT during the period June 15–30, 2014 (MJD 56823–56838). Near simultaneous archival data available from Swift-BAT, MAXI and OVRO telescope along with the V-band optical polarization measurements from SPOL observatory are also used in the study of giant TeV flare of Mrk 501 detected by the FACT and H.E.S.S. telescopes. No significant change in the multi-wavelength emission from radio to high energy $\gamma$–rays during the TeV flaring activity of Mrk 501 is observed except variation in soft X-rays. The varying soft X-ray emission is found to be correlated with the $\gamma$–ray emission at TeV energies during the flaring activity of the source. The soft X-ray photon spectral index is observed to be anti-correlated with the integral flux showing harder-when-brighter behavior. An average value of 4.5$\%$ for V-band optical polarization is obtained during the above period whereas the corresponding electric vector position angle changes significantly. We have used the minimum variability timescale from the H.E.S.S. observations to estimate the Doppler factor of the emission region which is found to be consistent with the previous studies of the source.     

微型镓场发射电推力器的研制和点火特性

为了满足立方星等微纳航天器对推进系统的需求,研制出中国首台针式微型镓场发射电推力器。通过提高润湿温度解决了真空环境下镓难以充分润湿钨针等问题。实现了推力器的稳定点火,测试了不同润湿温度和不同几何参数下的点火特性。得到了发射电流随润湿温度提高、极间距减小和吸极内孔直径的增大而增大的关系。通过公式计算,给出了不同发射电流下的理论推力。通过电场仿真得到不同几何参数下的电场强度,揭示了几何参数影响发射电流的原因。     

空间行波管阴极寿命试验研究

空间行波管是卫星通信系统中最重要的功率放大器,必须具有较长的工作寿命。空间行波管的寿命主要受阴极寿命的制约,因此为了保证空间行波管的长期在轨工作,需要开展大量的阴极寿命试验研究,并对阴极寿命进行预测。共投入50支电子枪进行寿命试验,累计进行寿命试验1823080h,最长单管寿命试验时间65411h。基于寿命过程中的逸出功变化,建立了空间行波管阴极寿命预测模型。预测空间行波管阴极在960℃_b（℃_b为亮度温度）支取1A/cm²发射电流密度时寿命超过43年;在980℃_b支取1A/cm²时寿命超过22年;在1000℃_b支取1A/cm²时寿命超过15年。预测结果表明,空间行波管阴极可以满足卫星通信系统应用的长寿命要求。     

关于对发展航空运输产业若干政策的思考

用大量事实从不同侧面说明航空运输在国民经济中的地位日显重要,为国家的贡献逐年增大.同时分析了航空运输经济效益下降的原因,并提出一系列政策建议以推动航空运输向高层次方向发展.     

线性系统的最小解耦设计—一般情形

利用线性系统“根”的概念，研究了输出分块情形下的最小阶动态解耦设计问题，一方面利用根刻画了解耦补偿器的最小阶数，并且给出了设计最小阶补偿器的算法，另一方面获得了新的解耦判据。     

Thermal radiation from magnetized neutron stars

Surface thermal emission has been detected byROSAT from four nearby young neutron stars. Assuming black body emission, the significant pulsations of the observed light curves can be interpreted as due to large surface temperature differences produced by the effect of the crustal magnetic field on the flow of heat from the hot interior toward the cooler surface. However, the energy dependence of the modulation observed in Geminga is incompatible with blackbody emission: this effect will give us a strong constraint on models of the neutron star surface.     

On the origin of cosmic rays in the spiral galaxy NGC 3310

The problem of cosmic ray production in the spiral galaxy NGC 3310 is addressed by analysing and comparing optical and radio continuum data. Tentative results indicate that on global scales relativistic electrons may be produced in the shock front associated with teh density wave while on local scales extreme population I objects may be producing them. It is inferred that the same conclusions apply to all cosmic rays produced in the disk.     

对RLC串联电路中通频带与RLC参数关系的讨论——从一道习题引起的问题

讨论了RLC串联电路中通频带与RLC参数的关系,说明在设计一个RLC串联谐振电路时,在给定谐振频率,电感量和频带宽度时,上下边界频率不能只满足通频带宽度而任意假定,还应满足通频带与RLC这些参数之间关系的表达式.