Statistical study of electrostatic solitary waves associated with reconnection: Geotail observations

The role of waves in the dynamics of the magnetotail has long been a topic of interest in magnetospheric physics. The characteristics of Electrostatic Solitary Waves (ESWs) associated with reconnection have been studied statistically in the magnetotail by surveying the large amounts data obtained from Waveform Capture (WFC) which is an important component of Plasma Wave Instrument (PWI) on the Geotail spacecraft. About 150 reconnection events with WFC data available are selected, and approximately 10 thousands of ESW waveforms are picked up by hands for statistical study. The ESWs are observed near diffusion region and near the plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL). Two kinds of waveforms of ESWs are observed: bi-polar and tri-polar pulses. It is found that the pulse width of the ESWs is in the order of 1–5 ms and the peak-to-peak amplitude is in the order of 0.1–5 mV/m. The amplitudes of ESWs are larger in the near-earth tail region than that in deep tail region. ESWs have been observed with or without guide magnetic field 〈By〉. The characteristics of ESWs in different reconnection region and under different strength of guild magnetic field, their possible generation mechanism will be discussed.     

Polynomial Hamiltonian systems with a nilpotent critical point

The study of Hamiltonian systems is important for space physics and astrophysics. In this paper, we study local behavior of an isolated nilpotent critical point for polynomial Hamiltonian systems. We prove that there are exact three cases: a center, a cusp or a saddle. Then for quadratic and cubic Hamiltonian systems we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for a nilpotent critical point to be a center, a cusp or a saddle. We also give phase portraits for these systems under some conditions of symmetry.     

Adaptive controller design for satellite attached by non-cooperative object

When non-cooperative body attachment occurs in space, the inertia of the new combination and the change of the system’s momentum are unknown. This uncertainty may lead to the instability of the spacecraft’s attitude control. In order to solve this problem, we propose an adaptive control scheme based on the inertia estimation of the new, combined system of non-cooperative body and satellite. This method can allow the new combination of different situations to reach a stable state with a high level of precision and speed. In this paper, the stability of the adaptive control scheme is proven by constructing a Lyapunov function. A simulation environment in which a non-cooperative body attaches to a satellite attaches to is constructed. The simulation shows that the attitude error converges to a small field when using the control scheme, regardless of unfavorable cases, including unknown inertia parameters, added momentum. In addition, the simulation results show the strong robustness of the control scheme for the new combination.     

A brief review of alternative propellants and requirements for pulsed plasma thrusters in micropropulsion applications

Technological miniaturization has enabled the development of small satellites weighing as little as 1 kg. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of suitable efficient micropropulsion systems at these scales. The pulsed plasma thruster is a structurally simple form of electric propulsion. This simplicity also makes it ideally suited for miniaturization. Its history can be traced back to applications in satellites that are much larger than micro/nano-satellites. The vast majority of modern pulsed plasma thrusters use solid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a propellant. Unfortunately, at lower discharge energy levels such as those necessitated by the power limitations of micro/nano-satellites, PTFE has a tendency to exhibit carbon deposition, which can ultimately lead to thruster failure. In this new era of small satellites, it is important to consider alternative propellants in the miniaturization of pulsed plasma thrusters. This brief review discusses the needs and limitations of small satellites and alternative propellants that may be able to meet these needs. Such propellants may be able to offer advantages such as a longer thruster lifetime, a higher specific impulse, or a higher thrust-to-power ratio. This would enable the development of different types of pulsed plasma thrusters that can be tailored towards specific mission requirements.     

新型耐烧蚀防热涂层在飞行器局部防热中的应用北大核心CSCD

本文针对一种新型耐烧蚀防热涂层在飞行器翼面局部防热中的应用进行研究。通过有限元分析方法对局部温度场及热应力变形情况的影响进行研究;同时对该新型防热涂层的抗剪切性能进行试验考核及微观形貌分析。研究表明:防热涂层的使用能够使飞行器翼面局部部位温度降低,减小材料变形,有效提高了材料的使用强度。通过发动机烧蚀试验考核,0.5 mm防热涂层的应用,能够在试样表面温度达到1006℃的情况下,背面温度降到147℃,烧蚀后表面形貌良好。该项研究为该防热涂层在飞行器局部防热的使用提供了参考。     

《新视野大学英语》的"新"文化脉络

本文以<新视野大学英语>为例,分析了文化在英语教学中的重要地位,进而阐述了<新视野>大学英语的文化脉络,并就如何对其进行合理利用进行初步探索.通过分析将揭示<新视野大学英语>有着独到的体系结构,在文化层面有着鲜明的定位,特别突出了时代特色,但也需要教师因势利导,才能发挥其最大价值.     

固体推进剂燃烧微观诊断技术述评

对近年来用于固体推进剂燃烧的微观诊断技术的原理、结果进行了综述,分析了用扫描电镜、热分析、Ｘ－ｒａｙ电子能谱仪、红外傅里叶光谱技术,微热电偶测温技术,ＬＩＦ,ＣＡＲＳ测试固体推进剂燃烧现象的结果,提出了存在的问题和努力的方向。     

ROMAP: Rosetta Magnetometer and Plasma Monitor

The scientific objectives, design and capabilities of the Rosetta Lander’s ROMAP instrument are presented. ROMAP’s main scientific goals are longterm magnetic field and plasma measurements of the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in order to study cometary activity as a function of heliocentric distance, and measurements during the Lander’s descent to investigate the structure of the comet’s remanent magnetisation. The ROMAP fluxgate magnetometer, electrostatic analyser and Faraday cup measure the magnetic field from 0 to 32 Hz, ions of up to 8000 keV and electrons of up to 4200 keV. Additional two types of pressure sensors – Penning and Minipirani – cover a pressure range from 10⁻⁸ to 10¹ mbar. ROMAP’s sensors and electronics are highly integrated, as required by a combined field/plasma instrument with less than 1 W power consumption and 1 kg mass.     

微孔推进剂稳定燃烧条件的初步计算研究

建立了一个描述微孔推进剂燃烧的模型，并得到了推进剂稳定燃烧时的控制方程组。计算了燃烧室压力与初始空隙率等对燃烧过程的影响，分析了稳定燃烧时应满足的一些基本条件，结果与实验值相一致。     

基于失效物理的动量轮贝叶斯可靠性评估

作为卫星姿态控制系统关键部件的动量轮,其可靠性关系到卫星发射的成败。但是由于有小子样、高可靠性和长寿命等特点,受技术、费用和时间等条件的限制,无法获得大样本失效寿命数据,因此利用传统的大样本寿命数据统计推断方法进行可靠性建模、分析与评估存在困难。为此,从失效物理分析的角度出发建立性能退化模型,用贝叶斯方法融合性能退化模型和寿命模型得到产品的可靠性评估模型,并基于该模型充分利用失效物理试验中的性能数据和少量的寿命数据来进行可靠性评估。实例分析表明,该方法与伪寿命方法相比更加符合工程实际,评估精度更高。