基于载波相位三差的航天器GPS/INS组合定姿算法

研究了一种利用GPS载波相位三差观测信息的多天线GPS/INS组合定姿算法,其中包含一个基于惯性测量信息的GPS载波相位周跳检测算法。最后,通过仿真分析验证了该组合算法可以有效提高定姿精度,同时具有较好的稳定性。     

民航GPS地基区域完好性监视系统设计与实现

结合中国地域和空中交通流量分布的特点,提出了中国民航全球卫星定位系统GPS(Global Positioning System)地基区域完好性监视系统GRIMS(Ground-based Regional Integrity Monitoring System)的概念.一个包含7个监测站的地面监测网监测视界内的GPS卫星,判断其可用状况,并将判断结果和重要的监测数据发送到主控站.主控站计算中国范围内的接收机自主完好性监测RAIM(Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring)空洞,同时推算全国民航飞机的实时位置,并向所有位于RAIM空洞中的飞机及时发送完好性告警信息.从卫星出现故障到飞机收到告警信息之间的告警延迟小于7s.该系统已经应用于中国民航,在保证飞行安全的同时提高了飞行效率.      

Inhibitory effect of simulated microgravity on differentiating preosteoblasts

The bone loss induced by microgravity is partly due to the decrease of mature osteoblasts. In the present study, we employed the random positioning machine (RPM) to simulate microgravity and investigated the acute effects of simulated microgravity on the differentiation of 2T3 preosteoblasts. Following 7 days’ culture under normal (1 g) condition, cells were exposed to simulated microgravity for 24 h. The results showed that 24 h treatment of simulated microgravity significantly decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity without changing the cell morphology. In addition, the mRNA expressions of osteogenic genes, including runt-related gene 2 (Runx2), osterix, osteocalcin (OC), type I collagen (Col I) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), were dramatically downregulated. Moreover, western blot analysis of total extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and phosphorylated Erk (p-Erk) indicated that p-Erk level, which represents the Erk activation status, was increased. Taken together, our results suggested that acute exposure to simulated microgravity inhibited osteoblast differentiation through modulating the expression of osteogenic genes and the Erk activity. These findings provide new insight for bone loss due to microgravity and unloading.     

GLONASS-based precise point positioning and performance analysis

Current precise point positioning (PPP) techniques are mainly based on GPS which has been extensively investigated. With the increase of available GLONASS satellites during its revitalization, GLONASS observations were increasingly integrated into GPS-based PPP. Now that GLONASS has reached its full constellation, there will be a wide interest in PPP systems based on only GLONASS since it provides a PPP implementation independent of GPS. An investigation of GLONASS-based PPP will also help the development of GPS and GLONASS combined PPP techniques for improved precision and reliability. This paper presents an observation model for GLONASS-based PPP in which the GLONASS hardware delay biases are addressed. In view of frequently changed frequency channel number (FCN) for GLONASS satellites, an algorithm has been developed to compute the FCN for GLONASS satellites using code and phase observations, which avoids the need to provide the GLONASS frequency channel information during data processing. The observation residuals from GLONASS-based PPP are analyzed and compared to those from GPS-based PPP. The performance of GLONASS-based PPP is assessed using data from 15 globally distributed stations.     

GPS载波相位时间传递软件的实现

研究了基于精密单点定位原理的GPS载波相位时间传递方法的数学模型和数据处理方法,设计了相应的程序流程,并基于Visual C++和Fortran混合编程的方式编写了相应的计算程序GPSCPTT V1.0。采用实际观测数据进行实验验证,结果表明,软件可以实现高精度的时间传递。     

基于STK的导航星模拟及天文定位选星算法研究

导航星优选是研究天文定位导航的前提。本文结合导航恒星选星对天文定位的影响,研究提出了基于STK软件的导航星模拟方法,并针对空天飞行器对天文观测时的条件约束,结合天文导航定位对导航星的要求,构建了适合不同飞行航迹的导航星库。基于所设计的导航星库,以空天飞行器为应用对象,结合其在轨段飞行轨迹参数,基于STK软件进行了天文导航定位仿真研究。在所设计的飞行器飞行航迹参数及可见星信息条件下,针对空天飞行器长航迹飞行运动特点,设计了3种不同的天文定位观测选星方案,并研究了不同选星方案下的天文导航定位性能。最后通过仿真验证表明所提出的导航星模拟和选星方法能有效满足空天飞行器对天文导航定位的要求。     

基于增强型单频GPS的高精度星间相对定位样条方法

为了实现高精度的分布式SAR星间相对定位,提出了一种基于增强型单频GPS的相对定位样条方法,即在单频GPS测量信息的基础上,增加星间距离观测信息,并结合相对位置参数的连续特性,建立了相对定位的样条模型,最后利用最小二乘法进行参数估计.仿真结果表明,新方法不仅能大大提高相对定位精度,而且还能有效地减少固定整周模糊度所需的历元.最后的理论分析证明了仿真的正确性.      

基于级数展开的位置误差加权定位方法

随着对海洋探索的愈加深入,对水下目标探测能力的要求也愈发严格。针对噪声干扰严重时算法性能大幅度下降的问题,文章主要研究仅利用分布式矢量水听器的波达方向信息对未知目标进行融合定位。在已有的基于位置误差加权方法的基础上,利用几何二次约束减小波达方位角量测误差,并结合泰勒级数展开,将一阶权值推导至高阶,解决在低信噪比情况下定位精度差的问题。仿真结果表明:相对于传统的基于方差倒数的自适应加权算法,该方法在定位精度上有很大提高,尤其在低信噪比的情况下效果显著。     

北斗/GPS双频载波相位单点定位模型及精度分析

针对海洋工程实时米级绝对定位需求,利用双频伪距、载波相位观测量和同时估计接收机位置、接收机钟差和载波相位模糊度,构建了一种双频载波相位实时单点定位方法.亚太区域14个测站试验结果显示:北斗水平和高程定位RMS分别为1.33m和1.81m,GPS为0.60m和0.85m,北斗/GPS组合为0.56m和0.72m;船载动态...     

改进的Chan-粒子滤波算法超宽带室内三维定位

针对超宽带室内定位时容易受到非视距误差的影响,导致定位精度大大下降,甚至无法准确定位的问题,提出了一种融合粒子滤波的改进Chan定位新方法。首先,在Chan定位方法中引入模拟退火算法,对到达时间差(TDOA)算法的测量值进行优化,获得初步定位的最优解;然后,采用粒子滤波对测量值进行再次优化,粒子重采样后得到的中心位置即为目标节点的精确位置。仿真和实验结果均表明,该算法能有效提高在非视距环境下超宽带室内定位的精度,较好地消除非视距误差的干扰。