波音757客改货新机组登机门的加装调节

介绍了新机组登机门的概况,以及加装调节过程中的难点和创新点,总结改装经验,为类似改装提供解决问题的方法和思路。     

Contribution analysis of QZSS to single-frequency PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo

The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) established by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency mainly serves the Asia-Pacific region and its surrounding areas. Currently, four in-orbit satellites provide services. Most users of GNSS in the mass market use single-frequency (SF) receivers owing to the low cost. Therefore, it is meaningful to analyze and evaluate the contribution of the QZSS to SF precise point positioning (PPP) of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems with the emergence of GNSS and QZSS. This study compares the performances of three SF PPP models, namely the GRoup and PHase Ionospheric Correction (GRAPHIC) model, GRAPHIC with code observation model, and an ionosphere-constrained model, and evaluated the contribution of the QZSS to the SF PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems. Moreover, the influence of code bias on the SF PPP of the BDS system is also analyzed. A two-week dataset (DOY 013–026, 2019) from 10 stations of the MGEX network is selected for validation, and the results show that: (1) For cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of GLONASS + QZSS are reduced by 4.3, 30.8, and 12.7%, respectively, and the positioning accuracy is similar compared with that of the GLONASS system. Compared with the BDS single system, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of BDS + QZSS under 15 and 25° are reduced by 37.6 and 39.2%, the horizontal positioning accuracies are improved by 18.6 and 14.1%, and the vertical components are improved by 13.9 and 21.4%, respectively. At cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the positioning accuracy and precision of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo + QZSS is similar to that of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. And the convergence times are reduced by 7.4 and 4.3% at cut-off elevation angles of 20 and 25°, respectively. In imitating dynamic PPP, the QZSS significantly improves the positioning accuracy of BDS and GLONASS. However, QZSS has little effect on the GPS-only, Galileo-only and GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. (2) The code bias of BDS IGSO and MEO cannot be ignored in SF PPP. In static SF PPP, taking the frequency band of B1I whose multipath combination is the largest among the frequency bands as an example, the vertical component has a systematic bias of approximately 0.4–1.0 m. After correcting the code bias, the positioning error in the vertical component is lower than 0.2 m, and the positioning accuracy in the horizontal component are improved accordingly. (3) The SF PPP model with ionosphere constraints has a better convergence speed, while the positioning accuracy of the three models is nearly equal. Therefore the GRAPHIC model can be used to get good positioning accuracy in the absence of external ionosphere products, but its convergence speed is slower.     

The update of BDS-2 TGD and its impact on positioning

Timing group delay (TGD) is an important parameter that affects the positioning performance of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) broadcasts TGD corrections from B3I frequency to B1I and B2I frequencies, namely TGD₁ and TGD₂. On July 21, 2017, BDS updated TGD values with a maximum change of more than 4 ns. In this contribution, we explain the motivation for the BDS TGD update, which is due to the systematic bias between narrowly correlated and widely correlated pseudo-ranges in BDS monitoring receivers. To investigate the impact of the updated TGD, BDS signal-in-space range error (SISRE) and user positioning performance regarding single point positioning (SPP) and precise point positioning (PPP) are analyzed. Results show that after the update of TGD, the difference between the new TGD and multi-GNSS experiment (MGEX) differential code bias (DCB) decreases from 1.38 ns to 0.29 ns on TGD₁ and from 0.40 ns to 0.25 ns on TGD₂. With the contribution of more accurate TGD, the systematic bias of BDS radial SISRE no longer exists, and the overall BDS SISRE also reduces from 1.33 m to 0.87 m on B1I/B2I frequency, from 1.05 m to 0.89 m on B1I frequency, from 0.92 m to 0.91 m on B2I frequency, respectively, which proves the similar precision of BDS TGD and MGEX DCB. One week of statistical results from 28 globally distributed MGEX stations shows that the SPP performance improves on non-B3I frequencies after the TGD update, with a maximum improvement of more than 22% for the B1I/B2I or B1I/B3I combination. The new TGD mainly reduces SPP positioning bias in the East component. The updated TGD also slightly improves the PPP convergence performance for the B1I/B3I combination, but mostly contributes to a more accurate estimation of the receiver clock and ambiguities.     

GPS姿态测量中模糊度函数法的适应度函数研究

基于全球卫星定位系统（GPS）双差整周模糊度的统计特性,对模糊度函数法（AFM）中的适应度函数进行了改进。分析了传统余弦适应度函数的不足,论证了适应度函数在AFM算法中的重要性。提出了设计适应度函数应满足的五条标准,在此基础上给出了一类适应度函数公式,并对性能进行测试。结果表明：该适应度函数的性能明显优于传统的余弦函数,有效提高了GPS姿态解算的成功率。     

利用GPS载波相干测量技术确定空间飞行器姿态的研究

Ｇ Ｐ Ｓ载波相干测量技术存在的主要技术难题是载波相位整数模糊度的解算、导航星观测几何的优化等问题， 本文基于差分技术研究了这项技术在空间飞行器姿态确定方面的应用。     

基于OEM的差分GPS基准站的设计

介绍了差分GPS(DGPS)的定位模型以及RTCM SC-104数据格式及其电文编码,提出了利用廉价的GPS-OEM(原始设备制造商)建立基准站的设计方案,方法是利用GPS-OEM和微处理器构成硬件系统,利用GPS-OEM输出的二进制差分修正数据,将其编码为RTCM SC-104电文来进行设计.实验结果表明这种DGPS基准站同样可以达到1~5?m的水平平面定位精度,因此具有性能价格比高,实用灵活的优点.     

低轨导航星座增强BDS精密单点定位技术验证CSCD

首先介绍了低轨增强北斗精密单点定位(PPP)的观测模型、参数估计与数据处理策略。然后对低轨导航增强仿真验证系统及误差仿真配置进行了说明,基于验证系统仿真了全球20个监测站的北斗及低轨导航数据,并通过单北斗及低轨增强北斗静态PPP试验,给出了低轨增强北斗的高精度定位测试评估结果。结果表明,加入150颗低轨卫星观测量后,20个测站PPP精度收敛到10cm之内只需约1min;低轨增强北斗实现静态收敛后,定位精度东方向均值为1.5cm,北方向均值为0.3cm,高程方向均值为2.2cm。相较于北斗单独精密定位,20个监测站收敛后组合定位精度从5cm左右提升到3cm左右。加入低轨卫星可大大加快PPP收敛速度,提升定位精度,验证了低轨卫星在增强PPP精度和收敛速度上的优越性,同时仿真验证系统可支持全链路闭环仿真验证。     

基于改进DeepSORT的视觉/激光雷达目标跟踪与定位方法CSCD

通过结合目标跟踪与相对定位,在对多帧检测目标进行关联与分析的同时,可以获取其三维信息。但当目标外观特征变换较大时,传统目标跟踪算法较易发生漏匹配或身份变换,而仅依靠对齐点云的相对定位算法较易出现定位失效的情况。针对以上问题,提出了一种基于改进DeepSORT的目标跟踪与定位方法在原始DeepSORT算法中加入基于位置约束的匹配,解决了因外观改变导致的漏匹配问题;在获取跟踪信息的基础上,设计了基于目标运动模型的相对定位方法,解决了图像中目标较小时相对定位不连续且定位精度较低的问题。试验结果表明,与传统DeepSORT算法相比,多目标跟踪准确度提高了5.9%;与仅依靠对齐点云的相对定位算法相比,定位精度提高了62.4%。     

近地航天器量子导航定位卡尔曼滤波算法研究

针对近地航天器量子导航定位系统,为了进一步提高其定位精度,利用滤波技术将QPS测量值结合航天器的运动模型进行状态量的滤波估计.给出了基于基线干涉原理的量子定位系统观测方程和以二体运动为主的航天器轨道运动模型,在此基础上详细推导了扩展卡尔曼滤波处理过程,并针对该模型进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,基于EKF的量子导航定位精度有明显提高.