临近空间载人舱着陆动力学及影响因素分析

为满足临近空间载人舱着陆缓冲装置可重复使用以及多着陆工况下能提供较好缓冲性能的要求,提出一种以双腔油气缓冲器为主支柱,单腔油气缓冲器为辅助支柱的新型着陆缓冲系统。针对舱体着陆过程,建立了考虑地面弹塑性变形的联合仿真动力学模型;通过与单腿着陆冲击试验的对比分析验证了所建动力学模型的有效性。在此基础上,研究了水平着陆速度,着陆俯仰角以及地面摩擦系数三种初始着陆条件对临近空间载人舱着陆性能的影响。研究结果表明：降低水平着陆速度可有效减小舱体水平着陆过载及提高着陆稳定性能;水平或小俯仰角着陆可使主、辅支柱的受载分配更加合理;减小足垫与地面间摩擦力可降低舱体竖直过载并提高着陆稳定性能。     

近空间高超声速飞行器输入饱和抑制模糊自适应控制

针对近空间高超声速飞行器三通道姿态跟踪控制问题,提出了一种基于输入饱和抑制的非线性模糊自适应滑模控制器。考虑到飞行器模型具有严格反馈形式的特点,以反步法为基础,结合非奇异快速Terminal滑模方法设计控制器。设计了模糊系统估计模型中的干扰项,并通过自适应鲁棒项补偿估计误差,引入非线性增益函数提高控制系统的饱和抑制能力,并基于Lyapunov理论证明了闭环系统的稳定性。最后,通过仿真对比实验验证方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器能够保证飞行控制系统在存在模型参数不确定性的情况下具有良好的姿态跟踪性能和输入饱和抑制能力。     

临近空间高超声速飞行器黑障问题研究综述

首先对国内外黑障问题研究历史进行了回顾,然后从等离子体鞘套形成机理和基本特征、电波传播机理及信道特征等方面阐述了高超声速飞行器黑障问题的成因。随后,着重介绍了等离子体流场和电波传播数值模拟方法并分析了方法的适用性。进一步对等离子体地面模拟方法和诊断技术进行了概述,并对国内外地面黑障实验结果进行了详细分析。在此基础上,针对临近空间高超声速飞行器的特点,采用层次分析法(AHP)对现有黑障消除技术进行了评估,给出了目前工程实用方法、近期可能实现的工程实用解以及未来具有应用潜力的消除技术。最后,对黑障问题后续研究方向提出了几点建议。     

高超声速飞行器发射坐标系导航算法

针对高超声速飞行器弹道特点和导航参数的需求,提出基于发射坐标系(LCEF)的高超声速飞行器导航算法。首先,介绍发射坐标系下捷联惯导(SINS)算法编排,推导发射坐标系下姿态、速度和位置离散递推方程。然后,介绍地心地固系(ECEF)下的卫星位置和速度转换到发射坐标系的方法,推导发射坐标系的SINS/BDS组合导航滤波器状态方程和量测方程。最后,以助推-滑翔飞行器为对象,进行了发射坐标系下组合导航仿真,位置精度小于10 m,速度精度小于0.2 m/s。     

WINDOWS环境下利用Vxd程序实现的实时控制

本文就WINDOWS环境下实时控制存在的问题进行了论述，详细介绍了利用Vxd程序实现实时控制的过程。     

基于AutoCAD几何建模的近场目标电磁散射计算技术

为了计算复杂目标的雷达散射截面（RCS），提出了一种基于AutoCAD几何建模的近场目标电磁散射计算技术，计算了单元体，组成体以及飞机的近场雷达散射截面，理论计算和实测结果较为吻合，为在微机上计算复杂目标近场RCS提供了一种理想的方法。     

Polynomial networks based adaptive attitude tracking control for NSVs with input constraints and stochastic noises

This paper proposes a backstepping technique and Multi-dimensional Taylor Polynomial Networks (MTPN) based adaptive attitude tracking control strategy for Near Space Vehicles (NSVs) subjected to input constraints and stochastic input noises. Firstly, considering the control input has stochastic noises, and the attitude motion dynamical model of the NSVs is actually modeled as the Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) stochastic nonlinear system form. Furthermore, the MTPN is used to estimate the unknown system uncertainties, and an auxiliary system is designed to compensate the influence of the saturation control input. Then, by using backstepping method and the output of the auxiliary system, a MTPN-based robust adaptive attitude control approach is proposed for the NSVs with saturation input nonlinearity, stochastic input noises, and system uncertainties. Stochastic Lyapunov stability theory is utilized to analysis the stability in the sense of probability of the entire closed-loop system. Additionally, by selecting appropriate parameters, the tracking errors will converge to a small neighborhood with a tunable radius. Finally, the numerical simulation results of the NSVs attitude motion show the satisfactory flight control performance under the proposed tracking control strategy.     

临近空间高超声速飞行器RCS特性研究

首次系统地对升力体外形临近空间飞行器雷达散射截面（RCS）特性开展了研究,主要研究内容包括本体及绕流RCS特性研究,亚密湍流尾迹RCS特性研究和层流尾迹的RCS特性研究等。结果显示：等离子体绕流将降低飞行器后向RCS;亚密湍流尾迹对低频段RCS影响明显,对高频段影响不明显。另外,双站雷达对临近空间高超声速飞行器也会有较好的探测效果。     

Parametric study of the diversion of a near Earth object on an Earth intersecting trajectory

To date, NASA's “Near Earth Object Program” has discovered over 5500 comets and asteroids on trajectories that bring them within “the neighborhood” of Earth's orbit. Nearly 1000 of these objects are classified as “potentially hazardous,” passing within 0.05 astronomical units of Earth's orbit. Discovery rates of such threatening bodies increase each year. Given this multitude of threats, in addition to evidence that the planet has absorbed many impacts over its history, it is reasonable to assume that another object will strike the Earth at some point in the future. Consequently, researchers have studied and proposed several mitigation techniques for such an occurrence. This study seeks to determine how effectively the attachment of a tether and ballast mass would divert the trajectory of such threatening objects. Specifically, the study analyzes the effects over time of such a system on objects of varying orbital semimajor axis and eccentricity, using various tether lengths and ballast masses. It was determined that the technique is most effective for NEOs with high eccentricity and small semimajor axis, and that system performance increases as tether length and ballast mass increase.     

临近空间雷达对抗情报侦察系统干扰方法研究

越来越多的国家将临近空间飞行器作为雷达对抗情报侦察(ELINT)系统的搭载平台。本文介绍了ELINT系统的组成及工作特点,结合临近空间ELINT系统测频测向的特点,提出利用有源干扰的方法,对ELINT系统频域参数测量、空域参数测量实施干扰,从而使其信号分选结果受到影响,为雷达信号反ELINT系统侦察提供了参考。