一种精度可调的速度测量系统的设计与实现

根据常用的频率采集方法,结合速度矢量信号的特点,提出了将速度矢量信号转换为不同相位的频率信号以实现速度矢量采集的设计思路,通过软硬件结合的方式实现速度采集系统.为提高系统的测试性,设计了自激励测试电路.为了解决速度变化带来的采样精度低问题,设计了采样时钟自动调整机制.经测试,采集结果准确,精度可调,可满足系统要求.     

提高飞行器姿态角计算精度的方法研究

分析了传统的通过方向余弦矩阵、四元数形式的飞行器转动微分方程数值积分结果确定姿态角方法的不足,介绍了基于改进的牛顿法确定飞行器姿态角的方法.基于多次测量均值效应原理,介绍多使用上述两种方法中的元素提高飞行器姿态角计算精度的算法及仿真结果.     

基于SDRE方法的空间飞行器轨道交会状态估计

针对空间飞行器自主交会对接的最终逼近阶段,采用雷达作为相对测量设备,建立了目标飞行器轨道坐标系下的相对运动方程以及基于星载雷达的测量模型;运用基于状态相关黎卡提方程(SDRE)的方法设计滤波器,对目标飞行器运动状态进行估计,给出了状态相关黎卡提方程的数值解法,通过具体仿真算例分析了所设计滤波器的性能,并与扩展卡尔曼滤波器进行了比较,结果表明所提出的滤波器模型具有更高的相对状态确定精度.     

0～1000mV直流毫伏标准源设计

介绍了一种0～1000 mV直流毫伏标准源的设计原理和技术方案,该方案采用20位D/A转换器作为基准,通过设计分压比分别为1000∶1,100∶1和10∶1的精密比例分压电路,实现了0～1000 mV直流标准电压信号的输出。     

Improved precision of virtual height measurements with coherent radio pulse sounding based on the maximum likelihood method

The paper describes a new technique that improves precision of the virtual height measurements by a coherent pulse sounding of the ionosphere. Proposed technique is based on the method of maximum likelihood that matches expected and observed spectral domain signatures of the signal intermixed with the noise. Computer simulations show that our technique allows measurements of the echo virtual height with ∼100 m precision even at a much coarser step of the height sampling in the sounder. In experiment, we expect an average 300 m precision of the virtual height measurements for single echoes received during periods of little spread due to ionospheric irregularities.     

高轨飞行器主动段双向测控陆基导航方案

高轨飞行器主动段飞行过程中,倒置GPS导航等传统陆基导航方案存在资源需求高、导航精度差等问题。研究了地天地双向测控(TTC)陆基导航方案和天地天双向测控陆基导航方案,建立了时序分析模型,阐述了天地天双向测控陆基导航方案的定位数据使用延迟约为地天地双向测控陆基导航方案的1/2。通过理论分析推导和仿真验证,对比了不同陆基导航方案的资源需求、导航精度及位置速度准确度。结果表明:双向测控陆基导航方案相比传统陆基导航方案对地面站资源需求少,导航精度高,且天地天双向测控陆基导航方案的位置速度准确度更高。     

相控阵雷达导引头技术现状及发展趋势

相控阵雷达导引头具有反隐身和抗干扰等方面的突出优势,是当前国内外精确制导技术研究的重点和热点,且向着高集成度、超宽带、多功能、智能化的方向快速发展。本文结合当今相控阵雷达导引头的研究动态,阐述了相控阵雷达导引头的发展历程和世界各国相控阵雷达导引头的研究现状,从多个角度分析了相控阵雷达导引头的技术特点和技术优势,展望了相控阵雷达导引头在多频段/宽带、共形、多通道阵列、智能化等方面的发展方向和应用前景。随着相控阵制导技术的普及和应用,必将带动精确制导武器性能的大幅提升。     

Design and experiment of onboard laser time transfer in Chinese Beidou navigation satellites

High-precision time synchronization between satellites and ground stations plays the vital role in satellite navigation system. Laser time transfer (LTT) technology is widely recognized as the highest accuracy way to achieve time synchronization derived from satellite laser ranging (SLR) technology. Onboard LTT payload has been designed and developed by Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, and successfully applied to Chinese Beidou navigation satellites. By using the SLR system, with strictly controlling laser firing time and developing LTT data processing system on ground, the high precise onboard laser time transfer experiment has been first performed for satellite navigation system in the world. The clock difference and relative frequency difference between the ground hydrogen maser and space rubidium clocks have been obtained, with the precision of approximately 300 ps and relative frequency stability of 10E−14. This article describes the development of onboard LTT payload, introduces the principle, system composition, applications and LTT measuring results for Chinese satellite navigation system.     

X-ray pulsar-based navigation system with the errors in the planetary ephemerides for Earth-orbiting satellite

The objective of this paper is to investigate and reduce the impact of the errors in the planetary ephemerides on X-ray pulsar-based navigation system for Earth-orbiting satellite. Expressions of the system biases caused by the errors in the planetary ephemerides are derived. The result of investigation has shown that the impact of the error in Earth’s ephemeris is must greater than the errors in the other ephemerides and would greatly degrade the performance of X-ray pulsar-based navigation system. Moreover, the system bias is modeled as a slowly time-varying process, and is handled by including it as a part of navigation state vector. It has been demonstrated that the proposed navigation system is completely observable, and some simulations are performed to verify its feasibility.     

A real-time ionospheric model based on GNSS Precise Point Positioning

This paper proposes a method of real-time monitoring and modeling the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) by Precise Point Positioning (PPP). Firstly, the ionospheric TEC and receiver’s Differential Code Biases (DCB) are estimated with the undifferenced raw observation in real-time, then the ionospheric TEC model is established based on the Single Layer Model (SLM) assumption and the recovered ionospheric TEC. In this study, phase observations with high precision are directly used instead of phase smoothed code observations. In addition, the DCB estimation is separated from the establishment of the ionospheric model which will limit the impacts of the SLM assumption impacts. The ionospheric model is established at every epoch for real time application. The method is validated with three different GNSS networks on a local, regional, and global basis. The results show that the method is feasible and effective, the real-time ionosphere and DCB results are very consistent with the IGS final products, with a bias of 1–2 TECU and 0.4 ns respectively.