高精确度数字式转速测量技术的研究

介绍了一种利用单片机技术实现高精确度数字式转速测量系统的方法。这种转速测量系统具有测量精确度高、采样速度快、测量范围宽和测量精确度与被测转速无关等优点，具有广阔的应用前景。     

Nonlinear dynamics of a flapping rotary wing: Modeling and optimal wing kinematic analysis

The analysis of the passive rotation feature of a micro Flapping Rotary Wing(FRW)applicable for Micro Air Vehicle(MAV) design is presented in this paper. The dynamics of the wing and its influence on aerodynamic performance of FRW is studied at low Reynolds number(~10~3).The FRW is modeled as a simplified system of three rigid bodies: a rotary base with two flapping wings. The multibody dynamic theory is employed to derive the motion equations for FRW. A quasi-steady aerodynamic model is utilized for the calculation of the aerodynamic forces and moments. The dynamic motion process and the effects of the kinematics of wings on the dynamic rotational equilibrium of FWR and the aerodynamic performances are studied. The results show that the passive rotation motion of the wings is a continuous dynamic process which converges into an equilibrium rotary velocity due to the interaction between aerodynamic thrust, drag force and wing inertia. This causes a unique dynamic time-lag phenomena of lift generation for FRW, unlike the normal flapping wing flight vehicle driven by its own motor to actively rotate its wings. The analysis also shows that in order to acquire a high positive lift generation with high power efficiency and small dynamic time-lag, a relative high mid-up stroke angle within 7–15° and low mid-down stroke angle within -40° to -35° are necessary. The results provide a quantified guidance for design option of FRW together with the optimal kinematics of motion according to flight performance requirement.     

对旋轴流压缩系统的增压扩稳途径实验分析

通过在一台实验用对旋风机上的大量性能实验,比较分析了对旋风扇在不同转速比匹配和不同轴向间隙条件下的特性曲线和失速边界的变化,并通过用球头五孔压力探针对其级间稳态流场的测量,对对旋风扇在不同转速比和轴向间隙下的流场特点作了进一步的分析.最后,在总结实验分析结果和国外类似研究的基础上,对对旋轴流压缩系统的增压、扩稳途径提出了一些新的观点.     

单轴旋转式光纤陀螺惯导系统误差特性研究

通过对单轴旋转式光纤陀螺惯导系统误差特性进行研究,从理论上分析了旋转对系统中各个误差因素的影响。由分析结果知旋转调制对光纤陀螺输出的高频随机噪声不具有补偿效果;陀螺安装误差对导航系统精度的影响主要表现为与旋转运动之间耦合产生的周期性误差;由于单轴旋转需要引入规律性的旋转运动,不恰当的旋转方式会导致系统误差的放大。最后对以上结论进行了仿真研究和试验验证。     

基于MFT的非匀速转动目标干涉ISAR三维成像方法

非匀速转动目标各距离单元内的回波信号为多分量的多项式相位信号,采用傅里叶变换进行横向压缩得到的目标ISAR像会发生散焦,从而影响干涉ISAR三维成像质量。针对非匀速转动目标,提出了一种基于匹配傅里叶变换的InISAR三维成像方法。该方法对各天线接收回波的每个距离单元采用匹配傅里叶变换得到聚焦的目标ISAR像,进而得到散射点不同接收天线间的干涉相位,最后从干涉相位求解散射点三维位置重构目标的三维图像。由于非匀速转动目标多项式相位信号的相位系数之间的比值只与目标转动参数有关,因此该方法只需估计某一个散射点对应回波的多项式相位系数就可构造所有匹配傅里叶变换的积分路径,而且适用于任意阶的非匀速转动目标。仿真表明了该方法的有效性。     

汽车发电机冷却风扇旋转噪声预测方法

以汽车发电机冷却风扇为对象,针对其修改叶片分布角度前后的旋转噪声预测问题,提出一套较精确且节约计算机时的预测方法.该方法结合了声类比法和矢量合成方法,首先,用大涡模拟(LES)和Ffowcs-Williams和Hawkings(FW-H)方程相结合的声类比方法对原风扇总噪声和主要阶次旋转噪声幅值进行预测;然后,针对只改变叶片分布角度情况下,提出一种矢量合成方法,用于对修改叶片分布前后主要阶次旋转噪声变化量的预测;最后,得到修改后主要阶次旋转噪声的幅值.计算和实验结果表明,原风扇总噪声最大预测误差4.3dB,第12阶和第18阶主要阶次旋转噪声幅值预测误差为1.24dB和4.26dB;修改后风扇第12阶和第18阶主要阶次旋转噪声分别变小了9.3dB和10.5dB,其变化量预测误差分别为0.36dB和0.43dB.结果表明,这一整套对修改前后风扇旋转噪声进行预测的方法是可行的,且大大节省计算时间,为风扇叶片周向分布角度设计提供了很好的依据.      

旋转状态下S型带肋通道流动特性数值研究

为了更好地了解涡轮叶片内冷完整通道中流体的流动特性,数值研究了肋、转弯以及旋转对完整S型带肋通道流动特性的影响.雷诺数为17000,3个出口的出流比分别为27%,49%,24%,旋转数取0,0.03,0.06,0.09.结果表明:通道1靠近前缘侧阻塞比高,肋的扰流作用强,流体速度较低.转弯引起流体流动分离,使转弯下游通道中的主流发生偏移,通道3靠近分隔板侧存在较大范围低速区.旋转产生的切向哥氏力使流体向哥氏力指向面偏移,通道2与通道3主流分别偏向吸力面与压力面.旋转影响通道中二次流的分布,增强转弯下游低速回流涡区域流体的流动.      

地球自转对光机扫描仪摆扫成像的影响分析

地球自转会影响地物相对光机扫描仪的运动。不同纬度的地速不同,地速的变化会造成扫描条带畸变、相邻条带错动和重叠率的变化。文章研究了地球自转的变化规律,从扫描条带畸变、相邻条带错动和重叠率变化3方面因素研究了地速对光机扫描仪成像的影响。最后,针对这些影响提出了校正建议。     

Exponential Time-varying Sliding Mode Control for Large Angle Attitude Eigenaxis Maneuver of Rigid Spacecraft

An eigenaxis maneuver strategy with global robustness is studied for large angle attitude maneuver of rigid spacecraft. A sliding mode attitude control algorithm with an exponential time-varying sliding surface is designed, which guarantees the sliding mode occurrence at the beginning and eliminates the reaching phase of time-invariant sliding mode control. The proposed control law is global robust against matched external disturbances and system uncertainties, and ensures the eigenaxis rotation in the presence of disturbances and parametric uncertainties. The stability of the control law and the existence of global siding mode are proved by Lyapunov method. Furthermore, the system states can be fully predicted by the analytical solution of state equations, which indicates that the attitude error does not exhibit any overshoots and the system has a good dynamic response. A control torque command regulator is introduced to ensure the eigenaxis rotation under the actuator saturation. Finally, a numerical simulation is employed to illustrate the advantages of the proposed control law.     

飞机前起落架支柱旋转机构角度及角速度测试方法的优化

本文介绍一种利用步进电机驱动某系列飞机前起落架操纵机构,在套筒与支柱旋转机构处采用平行四连杆结构的工装,利用旋转编码器实现操纵机构与支柱旋转机构角度与角速度精确测量的优化测试方法,并成功应用于测试设备。