旋转状态下曲率对气膜与主流掺混区域的影响

气膜冷却是应用于航空燃气轮机上的冷却技术,旋转及表面曲率是影响气膜与 主流掺混区域的重要因素,通过数值计算方法对旋转状态下曲率对气膜与主流掺混区域的影 响进行了研究,湍流模型选取了k-ω模型.增加旋转速度,会引起吸力面气膜的分离; 固定转速,降低表面曲率半径,压力面气膜发生分离,吸力面气膜冷却效果得到改善.当动 量流量比在小于1的范围内变化时,旋转只改变压力面气膜与主流掺混区域的分布,而对吸 力面没有影响.      

高转速对直通型篦齿封严特性影响的试验研究

通过试验的方法研究了转速对篦齿封严特性的影响。分别在不考虑封严间隙变化和考虑封严间隙变化的情况下,在大转速和大压比变化范围内,详细地分析了篦齿流量参数随转速和压比的变化规律及变化大小,并对引起变化的主要原因进行了分析,得到了一些有价值的结论。     

Effect of Coriolis and centrifugal forces on flow and heat transfer at high rotation number and high density ratio in non orthogonally internal cooling channel

Numerical predictions of three-dimensional flow and heat transfer are performed for a two-pass square channel with 45° staggered ribs in non-orthogonally mode-rotation using the second moment closure model. At Reynolds number of 25,000, the rotation numbers studied were 0,0.24, 0.35 and 1.00. The density ratios were 0.13, 0.23 and 0.50. The results show that at high buoyancy parameter and high rotation number with a low density ratio, the flow in the first passage is governed by the secondary flow induced by the rotation whereas the secondary flow induced by the skewed ribs was almost distorted. As a result the heat transfer rate is enhanced on both co-trailing and co-leading sides compared to low and medium rotation number. In contrast, for the second passage, the rotation slightly reduces the heat transfer rate on co-leading side at high rotation number with a low density ratio and degrades it significantly on both co-trailing and co-leading sides at high buoyancy parameter compared to the stationary, low and medium rotation numbers. The numerical results are in fair agreement with available experimental data in the bend region and the second passage, while in the first passage were overestimated at low and medium rotation numbers.     

View makes a difference: Presenting human figures from the back or front affects mental spatial transformations of children and adults

Previous research suggested that performance in spatial judgments involving rotated human figures is poorer if these figures are presented from the front than from the back. We further investigated this effect, controlling for visible facial information in front and back view by presenting figures' faces as profile. Children's and adults' judgments were still faster and less error prone if figures were presented from the back. Moreover, reaction times indicated that participants did not mentally rotate figures in front view. Children performed overall more poorly than adults, but there were also qualitative differences suggesting that children are more susceptible to embodiment effects than adults. This study underlines that embodiment may have differential effects in spatial transformation tasks, enhancing or impairing performance.     

Some features of disturbed rotational motion of a satellite with a strong onboard magnet

A disturbed rotational orbital motion of an asymmetrical satellite with a strong magnet in the geomagnetic field is considered. It is shown that operating disturbances result in appearing of non-resonant phenomena in the satellite rotation caused by resonance effects.     

双基地角时变下的ISAR等效旋转中心估计

双基地逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）距离-多普勒算法成像时，容易引起越分辨单元徙动问题，影响成像质量，为了抑制越分辨单元徙动，需要估计目标的等效旋转中心。本文针对双基地角时变下的ISAR等效旋转中心估计问题，提出了一种等效旋转中心估计算法。该算法首先将运动补偿后的一维距离像序列分为两组并分别成像，得到两幅图像；其次，假定某个距离单元为等效旋转中心位置，对两幅图像进行畸变校正，使得两幅图像只存在一个视角差，按视角差旋转其中的一幅图像，并与另一幅图像作相关，得到相关系数；然后，假定下一个距离单元为等效旋转中心位置，重复上述步骤，直至遍历结束，相关系数最大值对应的假定位置就是估计的等效旋转中心。最后进行了仿真对比实验，表明本文算法能够有效估计双基地角时变下的ISAR等效旋转中心位置。     

圆锥运动及其影响的3种描述方法

从旋转矢量方法、欧拉角方法及刚体有限转动方法出发对圆锥运动及其影响进行了阐述,得到了各方法下的等效陀螺漂移公式以及三者之间的关系;并对圆锥补偿算法在每种方法下的补偿效果进行了研究.结果表明: 刚体有限转动方法与旋转矢量方法是完全等价的,欧拉角方法仅在小角度振动情况下与它们等价;圆锥补偿算法在旋转矢量方法和欧拉角方法下均有效,并在振动角较小时补偿效果一致.旋转矢量方法和刚体有限转动方法重点在于圆锥补偿算法的开发,而欧拉角方法重点则在于指导圆锥运动转台实验设计以验证圆锥补偿算法.      

On mid-term periodicities of high-latitude solar activity

The mid-term periodicities of polar faculae are studied separately for the total disk, northern and southern hemispheres of the Sun for a time interval from 1951 August to 1998 December. Apart from the 11-year Schwabe cycle which is the fundamental period and is found in all of the three time series, the following prominent results are found: (1) the rotational periodicity of solar activity at high latitudes is approximately from 28 to 32 days; (2) a large number of quasi-periods appearing in low-latitude solar activity (annual variation, 1.3–1.7 years, quasi-biennial oscillation, and 4–5 years) also exist in polar faculae; (3) the periodicities on both hemispheres are not identical.     

Determination of the solar rotation parameters via orthogonal polynomials

Accurate measurements of the solar differential rotation parameters are necessary for understanding the solar dynamo mechanism. We use the orthogonalization process to estimate these parameters. The advantage of the orthogonalization of the data in the tracer motion statistical analysis is outlined. The differential rotation is represented in terms of various types of polynomials. We compare the quality of a set of models of the solar differential rotation using the Akaike information criterion and choose the best one. Applying the proposed method, we studied the solar differential rotation and its North-South asymmetry using observations of coronal holes. A statistical analysis of observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) reveals the differential rotation pattern of coronal holes and its North-South asymmetry.