基于截尾概率-非概率混合模型的可靠性优化算法

针对工程中截尾概率变量与非概率变量同时存在的情况,给出一种新的截尾概率与非概率混合可靠性模型。在该混合可靠性模型基础上,按照可靠性指标(RIA)法给出双层嵌套可靠性优化模型,并采用改进搜索策略后的ST-Powell优化算法在外层搜索设计变量的最优值,内层采用能保证收敛的改进的有限步长迭代法求解混合可靠性指标。数值算例表明,改进搜索策略后的ST-Powell优化算法的全局寻优性得到显著提升;改进搜索策略后的ST-Powell优化算法与改进的有限步长迭代法相结合求解双层嵌套混合可靠性优化模型的正确性得到验证,且对于非线性程度较高的极限状态函数同样能够得到满足截尾概率与非概率混合可靠性模型指标要求的最优解,并对工程结构算例具有很好的适应性。     

汽车双横臂独立悬架参数优化与仿真研究

针对国内某轿车双横臂独立悬架系统，运用ADMAS／View模块建立了双横臂式悬架模型，利用ADMAS／Insight模块对建立的双横臂式独立悬架进行了优化分析。优化结果分析表明：通过悬架参数优化设计，使前悬架性能有了较大的提高。     

Mechanism parameters optimization of bionic frog jumping robot based on velocity directional manipulability measure

以速度方向可操作度作为跳跃性能的评价指标,从机构设计角度寻求改善仿蛙跳跃机器人跳跃性能的方法.在仿蛙跳跃机器人机构模型的基础上,建立了起跳阶段的运动学方程,得到机器人从关节空间到质心运动空间的速度映射关系,结合速度方向可操作度,利用优化算法对仿蛙跳跃机器人的机构参数进行优化,使机器人的跳跃性能达到最佳.优化结果表明,运用速度方向可操作度理论,对跳跃机器人机构参数进行优化研究是有效可行的.     

基于遗传算法的军事物流运输计划

针对军事物流运输中车辆装载和车辆路径的组合问题进行研究,建立车辆装载和车辆路径组合问题的目标优化模型。通过改进遗传算法对模型求解,得到了较为满意的结果,可以在满足多车型多品种货物配送约束的条件下,实现运输车辆最少、车辆满载率高、车辆运输路径最短的目标。     

Global aerodynamic design optimization based on data dimensionality reduction

In aerodynamic optimization, global optimization methods such as genetic algorithms are preferred in many cases because of their advantage on reaching global optimum. However, for complex problems in which large number of design variables are needed, the computational cost becomes prohibitive, and thus original global optimization strategies are required. To address this need, data dimensionality reduction method is combined with global optimization methods, thus forming a new global optimization system, aiming to improve the efficiency of conventional global optimization. The new optimization system involves applying Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) in dimensionality reduction of design space while maintaining the generality of original design space. Besides, an acceleration approach for samples calculation in surrogate modeling is applied to reduce the computational time while providing sufficient accuracy. The optimizations of a transonic airfoil RAE2822 and the transonic wing ONERA M6 are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed new optimization system. In both cases, we manage to reduce the number of design variables from 20 to 10 and from 42 to 20 respectively. The new design optimization system converges faster and it takes 1/3 of the total time of traditional optimization to converge to a better design, thus significantly reducing the overall optimization time and improving the efficiency of conventional global design optimization method.     

长矩形盒零件超塑性胀形工艺加载规律的优化

本文通过对长矩形盒零件的力学解析，得到了优化加载规律的数学表达形式。按此规律进行气压胀形，与恒压胀形实验结果相比，能有效地提高成形极限，并使厚度分布情况有明显的改善。     

交会对接载人飞船返回舱结构优化设计

为减轻飞船返回舱结构重量、使结构形式更为合理,对返回舱主要部件进行了结构优化设计。在不降低结构可靠性、满足与其他设备接口匹配性等4项优化原则的基础上,合理选取优化对象,确定了优化目的和约束条件,并以前端框、滚动发动机舱和贮箱隔舱3个主要部件为例分别进行阐述。通过优化设计,3个主要部件的结构重量减轻了0.25～10kg,...     

薄壁内、外半管冲压成形工艺参数模拟优化设计

针对内、外半管的结构特点,分析计算冲压成形主要工艺参数及毛坯尺寸,运用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,对内、外半管的成形过程进行了模拟。研究了不同压边力及不同冲压速度对零件拉深成形的影响,分析了零件的成形工艺及其起皱缺陷,优化了毛坯形状,避免了成形过程中的缺陷,获得了理想的毛坯形状和工艺参数。     

平面交叉口混合交通流建模与仿真

在混合交通条件下，交通参与者成分复杂，各种交通方式速度各异，交通冲突频繁。特别是在交叉口机动车与非机动车相互干扰，带来了安全、效率、污染等多方面问题。本文首先介绍我国混合交通流的特点，然后对自行车个体微观行为进行定性的描述分析。通过对实际信号交叉口的调查研究，和对机动车流率与非机动车到达与释放规律的模型建立与定量计算。分析总结出平面交叉口机非干扰的一般规律和冲突避让原则。根据实测数据，结合视频处理和统计软件的使用通过计算直行与左转非机动车换算系数，提出了改进的机动车延误时间模型，并通过使用VISSIM3．6进行微观仿真验证了模型的有效性。     

Optimization of entry-vehicle shapes during conceptual design

During the conceptual design of a re-entry vehicle, the vehicle shape and geometry can be varied and its impact on performance can be evaluated. In this study, the shape optimization of two classes of vehicles has been studied: a capsule and a winged vehicle. Their aerodynamic characteristics were analyzed using local-inclination methods, automatically selected per vehicle segment. Entry trajectories down to Mach 3 were calculated assuming trimmed conditions. For the winged vehicle, which has both a body flap and elevons, a guidance algorithm to track a reference heat-rate was used. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization was used to optimize the shape using objectives related to mass, volume and range. The optimizations show a large variation in vehicle performance over the explored parameter space. Areas of very strong non-linearity are observed in the direct neighborhood of the two-dimensional Pareto fronts. This indicates the need for robust exploration of the influence of vehicle shapes on system performance during engineering trade-offs, which are performed during conceptual design. A number of important aspects of the influence of vehicle behavior on the Pareto fronts are observed and discussed. There is a nearly complete convergence to narrow-wing solutions for the winged vehicle. Also, it is found that imposing pitch-stability for the winged vehicle at all angles of attack results in vehicle shapes which require upward control surface deflections during the majority of the entry.