V形兜孔圆柱滚子轴承的高速动态性能

保持架打滑和动态不稳定是航空发动机主轴圆柱滚子轴承面临的难题,为此提出一种V形兜孔圆柱滚子轴承,并对其保持架打滑及稳定性展开研究。运用Hertz接触、弹流和流体润滑及牛顿-欧拉动力学理论,建立径向刚性加载下轴承的动力学模型,在此基础上,利用变步距龙格库塔数值积分法进行动力学数值仿真,探讨了V形兜孔的几何参数对保持架打滑及稳定性的影响,分析了兜孔优化后在不同转速下保持架的打滑特性、稳定性及兜孔/滚子碰撞特性,结果表明,V形兜孔的几何参数对保持架打滑及稳定性的影响显著,在30 000~60 000 r/min的转速范围内,优化轴承保持架的打滑率明显低于普通轴承,涡动半径明显小于普通轴承,滚子对兜孔局部碰撞的力幅值和频率也明显小于普通轴承。     

模型预混燃烧室线性稳定性分析

针对钝体火焰稳定器结构的模型预混燃烧室进行了线性稳定性分析.利用COMSOL Multiphysics软件求解了三维Helmoholtz方程,方程的源项为耦合指数-延迟时间模型.对模型预混燃烧室进行非定常计算得到了化学反应速率的周期性变化,确定了非定常热释放发生在火焰的尖端.由压力和温度信号的相位差得到了当量比为0.72,0.8,0.88,0.97四个工况的延迟时间,分别为0.6,0.3,0.9,0.6ms.线性稳定性分析得到了模型预混燃烧室系统纵向模态频率的实部和虚部,当虚部为负数时表示线性不稳定.结果显示:系统的前5阶纵向模态中,2~4阶是线性不稳定的.其中3阶纵向模态的虚部绝对值最大,它的物理意义是对小扰动的增长率最大.因此在有扰动时,3阶纵向模态最有可能线性失稳,产生燃烧不稳定性现象.      

The classical Laplace plane as a stable disposal orbit for geostationary satellites

The classical Laplace plane is a frozen orbit, or equilibrium solution for the averaged dynamics arising from Earth oblateness and lunisolar gravitational perturbations. The pole of the orbital plane of uncontrolled GEO satellites regress around the pole of the Laplace plane at nearly constant inclination and rate. In accordance with Friesen et al. (1993), we show how this stable plane can be used as a robust long-term disposal orbit. The current graveyard regions for end-of-life retirement of GEO payloads, which is several hundred kilometers above GEO depending on the spacecraft characteristics, cannot contain the newly discovered high area-to-mass ratio debris population. Such objects are highly susceptible to the effects of solar radiation pressure exhibiting dramatic variations in eccentricity and inclination over short periods of time. The Laplace plane graveyard, on the contrary, would trap this debris and would not allow these objects to rain down through GEO. Since placing a satellite in this inclined orbit can be expensive, we discuss some alternative disposal schemes that have acceptable cost-to-benefit ratios.     

故障预测算法稳定性实时评估方法

针对现有故障预测算法性能评估指标受实际剩余使用寿命约束的问题,从稳定性角度提出一种评估算法性能的方法。通过研究对象系统健康退化过程,在对象系统实际剩余使用寿命未知情况下,利用可以实时获得的剩余使用寿命预测值和已消耗寿命值,通过计算虚构寿命值的变异系数指标来客观评估故障预测算法的性能。为了验证所提方法的有效性,结合机电作动器故障演化模型仿真生成数据对递归最小二乘和粒子滤波两种故障预测算法的稳定性进行了实时评价。仿真结果表明,所提方法与运用已有指标、在获知剩余使用寿命理想值前提下得出的评估结果保持一致。     

增强大推力火箭发动机燃烧稳定性裕度的方法

针对重型运载大推力液体火箭发动机自发激励高频燃烧不稳定性的技术风险,总结和分析了影响大推力液氧煤油火箭发动机燃烧稳定性裕度的因素,主要包括燃烧室声学固有频率、燃烧室结构和喷嘴几何结构。结果表明:发动机喷注器附近的推进剂燃烧区、燃烧室收敛段对燃烧室声学固有频率有较大影响;燃烧室长度为燃烧室直径的0.205倍或0.205的奇数倍时有相对最好的燃烧稳定性;气液同轴式喷嘴长度为燃烧室一阶切向振荡频率的0.5倍时,能传递最大的振荡能量。最后,提出了一种增强燃烧稳定性裕度、避免出现切向振型高频燃烧不稳定性的燃烧室设计方法。     

一种无人机定距盘旋跟踪制导律及稳定性证明

对地面目标的定距盘旋跟踪问题是无人机（UAVs）在任务应用阶段需要面临的重要问题之一,如何在传感器信息受限的情况下完成跟踪任务是目前的研究热点。首先针对地面固定目标设计了一种仅依赖测距传感器的制导律,不再需要传统的视线角信号以及目标和无人机自身的定位信息;其次,设计了李雅普诺夫函数对该制导律的稳定性进行了严格数学证明;最后,将该制导律推广到对地面匀速和变速移动目标的跟踪制导。相比于现有制导律,所提出的制导律结构更为简洁,仅有一个设计参数,并且制导策略更为合理。仿真结果表明所提出的制导律能够实现无人机对地面固定和移动目标的稳定跟踪。     

Energy-saving and accurate motion control of a hydraulic actuator with uncertain negative loads

Pump controlled hydraulic actuators are wildly used in the aerospace industry owing to the advantages of energy-saving and integrated configurations. Negative loads may occur to actuators due to external force loads or the inertial force when the actuator decelerates significantly. Uncertain negative load working conditions may cause cavitation, actuator vibration, and even instability to the motion control if the actuator is without sufficient meter-out damping. Various types of hydraulic configuration schemes have been proposed to deal with negative loads of hydraulic actuators. However, few of them can simultaneously achieve energy saving and high control accuracy. This study proposes an energy-saving and accurate motion tracking strategy for a hydraulic actuator with uncertain negative loads. The actuator’s motion is driven by a servomotor pump, which gives full play to the advantage of energy-saving. The meter-out pressure is controlled by proportional valves to provide the optimized meter-out damping. The nonlinear adaptive robust control law is designed, which guarantees the control stability and achieve high tracking accuracy. An integrated direct/indirect adaptation law obtains satisfactory parameter estimations and model compensation for asymptotic motion tracking. Comparative experiments under different working conditions were performed to validate the advantages of the proposed control strategy.     

曲线片型加筋壁板的稳定性优化设计

加筋板作为一种典型结构被广泛应用于航空航天领域,为进一步拓展直筋加筋板的设计空间,提出了一套基于ModelCenter设计优化环境、Catia和Abaqus的曲线片型加筋板优化设计框架.一方面,筋条曲线采用参数数目可变的等距剖分三次B样条插值函数,为曲筋加筋板提供了足够大的优化空间.另一方面,采用筋条加载端相聚和筋条垂直于板边2种方式来解决曲线片型加筋板的筋条加载问题,从而产生了一些新的曲筋加筋板布局形式.优化结果表明,对于单向载荷主导的加筋板,曲筋加筋板相对于直筋加筋板稳定性改善不大.但对于复杂组合载荷,曲筋加筋板获得了比直筋加筋板更好的稳定性.      

非对称转捩对横向偏离稳定的影响

为研究非对称转捩对横向偏离稳定的影响,采用指定位置的强制转捩方法,对典型升力体外形进行非对称转捩的的数值模拟,包含全层流、全湍流及斜线转捩情况的计算与分析,得到非对称转捩对横向偏离稳定性影响的结论。结果表明：极端转捩会使飞行器航向稳定性变差,斜线转捩甚至会使飞行器航向稳定性的极性发生改变。