扇翼气动特性试验研究

通过对扇翼飞行器采用风洞试验的方法,研究横流风扇在不同风扇转速、来流速度、迎角、前缘开口角和叶片安装角下的升力、阻力和需用功率,得到相关的试验数据,并进行了处理分析。结果表明:风扇转速是影响扇翼升推力的主要因素,不同迎角和来流速度下扇翼的气动特性也不相同,前缘开口角和叶片安装角对扇翼的气动特性影响也比较大。本试验进一步验证了扇翼的工作原理以及获得控制扇翼飞行器升推力的方法,为大尺寸扇翼无人机的设计制作提供技术支撑。     

基于能力验证的武装直升机飞行品质试飞设计与评估

依据作战任务和使用要求进行基于能力验证的试飞设计与评估是适应新的军事变革背景下航空武器装备试验工作转型的重要方向。为了探索基于能力的航空装备试验鉴定模式,以某型武装直升机为研究对象,根据其作战使命任务要求和作战能力,开展试飞设计、试飞结果分析及飞行品质等级评定等研究,提出基于作战能力验证的武装直升机飞行品质试飞设计思路和方法,并给出有效的试飞结果评估方式。所获得的试飞结果真实体现了武装直升机贴地突防和机动规避等能力,该试飞设计思路和试飞方法可以指导后续军用直升机的试飞设计工作。     

航空维修结构工程师培训的探索与研究

随着民用飞机使用年限和飞行循环的增长，飞机面临的结构问题越来越多。航空公司对于结构工程师的人力需求，对工程师的能力、经验和技术管理的要求也越来越高。山东太古结合自身的维修管理和支援经验，经过数年的探索和实践，建立了较为完善的结构工程师培训体系。     

Rapid model-based inter-disciplinary design of a CubeSat mission

With an increase in the use of small, modular, resource-limited satellites for Earth orbiting applications, the benefit to be had from a model-based architecture that rapidly searches the mission trade-space and identifies near-optimal designs is greater than ever. This work presents an architecture that identifies trends between conflicting objectives (e.g. lifecycle cost and performance) and decision variables (e.g. orbit altitude and inclination) such that informed assessment can be made as to which design/s to take on for further analysis. The models within the architecture exploit analytic methods where possible, in order avoid computationally expensive numerical propagation, and achieve rapid convergence. Two mission cases are studied; the first is an Earth observation satellite and presents a trade-off between ground sample distance and revisit time over a ground target, given altitude as the decision variable. The second is a satellite with a generic scientific payload and shows a more involved trade-off, between data return to a ground station and cost of the mission, given variations in the orbit altitude, inclination and ground station latitude. Results of each case are presented graphically and it is clear that non-intuitive results are captured that would typically be missed using traditional, point-design methods, where only discrete scenarios are examined.     

Crew autonomy for deep space exploration: Lessons from the Antarctic Search for Meteorites

Future piloted missions to explore asteroids, Mars, and other targets beyond the Moon will experience strict limitations on communication between vehicles in space and control centers on Earth. These limitations will require crews to operate with greater autonomy than any past space mission has demonstrated. The Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) project, which regularly sends small teams of researchers to remote parts of the southern continent, resembles a space mission in many ways but does not rely upon a control center. It provides a useful crew autonomy model for planners of future deep space exploration missions. In contrast to current space missions, ANSMET gives the crew the authority to adjust competing work priorities, task assignments, and daily schedules; allows the crew to be the primary monitor of mission progress; demands greater crew accountability for operational errors; requires the crew to make the most of limited communication bandwidth; adopts systems designed for simple operation and failure recovery; and grants the crew a leading role in the selection and stowage of their equipment.     

“任务驱动”下的计算机专业课程教学实践与探索

本文总结了“任务驱动”在教学中的应用，提出了“任务”设计要全方位立体化进行考虑；评价要全方位多样化。指出了“任务驱动”必须与多种教学法优化组合，才能发挥其最大教学效率。     

月面高温下推力器可靠性试验

嫦娥五号着陆上升组合体落月后将经历月昼强红外辐射环境，由于推力器喷管导热影响，使推进剂管路与电磁阀面临高温环境，推进系统存在管路内氧化剂汽化和推力器性能下降甚至无法正常工作的问题，影响上升器月面起飞正常姿态控制。为了研究高温下推力器的工作性能，进行了高温下氟塑料阀芯与氧化剂相容性调研，提出了电磁阀和推力器可靠性增长及可靠性验证试验方法，分析了温度与电磁阀阀芯行程的关系，获取了高温环境下推力器的稳态及脉冲工作性能，在小子样条件下评估了推力器可靠性置信下限及月面起飞上升推进系统可靠度，通过月面高温排气及月面起飞上升姿态控制对研究结果进行了航天器在轨飞行验证，圆满完成了上升器月面起飞上升任务。所提出的研究方法及思路具有很好的工程适用性。     

Human Mission from Planet Earth: finding a rationale for exploration of the Moon and Mars

This paper advances scenarios for an evolutionary approach to the establishment of a Human Mission from Planet Earth involving exploration and utilization of the Moon and Mars. Of critical importance are the concepts of robotic–human and Moon–Mars synergies. The paper discusses the rationale variables that have an influence on types of space activities pursued and thus the policy that leads to particular scenarios. In this regard, the technological, scientific, and sociopolitical/socioeconomic impacts and consequences related to a Human Mission from Planet Earth are examined.     

Calibration techniques for magnetometers implementing on-board de-spinning algorithms

The Fluxgate Magnetometer experiments on-board the European Space Agency’s four spacecraft Cluster Mission have the capability to store sampled magnetic field vectors in the instrument memory, either as a full resolution ‘event capture’ or as spin-resolution vectors transformed into a non-spinning co-ordinate system (de-spun). The latter capability has ensured a dataset is available which extends the partial orbital coverage achieved during nominal operations in the first years of operation. The on-board de-spin is achieved using a Walsh function with Haar coefficients and allows for up to 27 h additional data per non-coverage interval. A number of commissioning orbits were used to verify the accuracy of data collected by the de-spin mode, whereby individual spacecraft were operated separately in a number of standard normal sampling and de-spin mode combinations. Up to the present time, this data has not been available to the Cluster community. We present results here comparing the performance of the on-board de-spin algorithm versus the normal sampling modes over a number of boundary layer crossings, describe the techniques used for calibration and timeline recovery, and outline the context in which the data may be usable in future studies.     

进入中、韩两国的「日本製漢語」研究

「日本製漢語」是日本创造的汉字词,现已成为汉语和韩语的重要组成部分。分析了「日本製漢語」产生的原因和过程,探讨了「日本製漢語」进入中国和韩国的历史、政治和文化背景,并以「同形同義語」、「同形類義語」、「同形？義語」三个类型的「日本製漢語」,从数量、语义比较研究了它们在汉语和韩语中的差异及不同用法。