Experimental investigation of fuel regression rate in a HTPB based lab-scale hybrid rocket motor

The fuel regression rate is an important parameter in the design process of the hybrid rocket motor. Additives in the solid fuel may have influences on the fuel regression rate, which will affect the internal ballistics of the motor. A series of firing experiments have been conducted on lab-scale hybrid rocket motors with 98% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) oxidizer and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based fuels in this paper. An innovative fuel regression rate analysis method is established to diminish the errors caused by start and tailing stages in a short time firing test. The effects of the metal Mg, Al, aromatic hydrocarbon anthracene (C₁₄H₁₀), and carbon black (C) on the fuel regression rate are investigated. The fuel regression rate formulas of different fuel components are fitted according to the experiment data. The results indicate that the influence of C₁₄H₁₀ on the fuel regression rate of HTPB is not evident. However, the metal additives in the HTPB fuel can increase the fuel regression rate significantly.     

惯性平台新型金属橡胶减振器理论与实验研究

金属橡胶减振器（以下简称MRD）是为克服目前惯性平台常用橡胶减振器随时间老化这一致命弱点而开发研制的一种新型减振器，其在航空航天等军事领域具有广阔的应用前景，但目前主要依靠经验和试凑进行设计和加工，缺乏系统的理论基础。对其动态特性参数与工艺安装参数之间关系的研究在国内一直是个空白，对于这一动力学前沿课题的研究，具有重要的理论与工程应用价值。本文建立了MRD的力学模型，通过对其力学模型的分析与研究，给出了MRD系统非线性特征参数的参数识别方法；通过实验验证了其力学模型和参数识别方法的合理性。提出了MRD的特性参数与工艺安装参数关系的研究策略及其优化设计技术研究的主要内容。     

一种新的未知相关噪声下的宽带相干信号DOA估计算法

针对具有某种结构的协方差矩阵的未知相关噪声环境,本文提出了一种新的宽带相干信号DOA估计算法。基于这种结构,如Hermitian Toeplitz型,在各个频率点上首先利用空间差分操作去除相关噪声的影响,并构造新矩阵;其次,对新矩阵进行聚焦操作,并给出相干聚焦后的协方差矩阵;最后,利用基于特征结构的DOA估计算法得到相干信号的DOA估计值。理论分析和仿真结果表明了算法的有效性。     

Durability characterization of mechanical interfaces in solar sail membrane structures

The construction of a solar sail from commercially available metallized film presents several challenges. The solar sail membrane is made by seaming together precut lengths of ultrathin metallized polymer film into the required geometry. This assembled sail membrane is then folded into a small stowage volume prior to launch. The sail membranes must have additional features for connecting to rigid structural elements (e.g., sail booms) and must be electrically grounded to the spacecraft bus to prevent charge build up. Space durability of the material and mechanical interfaces of the sail membrane assemblies will be critical for the success of any solar sail mission. In this study, interfaces of polymer/metal joints in a representative solar sail membrane assembly were tested to ensure that the adhesive interfaces and the fastening grommets could withstand the temperature range and expected loads required for mission success. Various adhesion methods, such as surface treatment, commercial adhesives, and fastening systems, were experimentally tested in order to determine the most suitable method of construction.     

A pre-generated matrix-based method for real-time robotic drilling chatter monitoring

Currently, due to the detrimental effects on surface finish and machining system, chatter has been one crucial factor restricting robotic drilling operations, which improve both quality and efficiency of aviation manufacturing. Based on the matrix notch filter and fast wavelet packet decomposition, this paper presents a novel pre-generated matrix-based real-time chatter monitoring method for robotic drilling. Taking vibration characteristics of robotic drilling into account, the matrix notch filter is designed to eliminate the interference of spindle-related components on the measured vibration signal. Then, the fast wavelet packet decomposition is presented to decompose the filtered signal into several equidistant frequency bands, and the energy of each sub-band is obtained. Finally, the energy entropy which characterizes inhomogeneity of energy distribution is utilized as the feature to recognize chatter on-line, and the effectiveness of the presented algorithm is validated by extensive experimental data. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively detect chatter before it is fully developed. Moreover, since both filtering and decomposition of signal are implemented by the pre-generated matrices, calculation for an energy entropy of vibration signal with 512 samples takes only about 0.690 ms. Consequently, the proposed method achieves real-time chatter monitoring for robotic drilling, which is essential for subsequent chatter suppression.     

火星探测用金属/CO2燃烧技术研究进展与展望

火星原位资源利用指利用火星当地资源生产火星探测所需原料和能源,减少任务载荷,降低发射成本,是火星探测不可或缺的关键技术。金属和二氧化碳是火星重要的原位资源,部分金属可以在二氧化碳气氛中燃烧,使得金属/CO_2燃烧体系在火星上扮演地球上化石燃料/空气燃烧体系的角色成为可能。从拓展金属/CO_2燃烧技术在火星探测中应用的角度出发,梳理了火星二氧化碳收集方式、火星矿物分布和冶炼、金属/CO_2燃烧技术的主要应用方式(Mg/CO_2火箭发动机和Mg/CO_2金属燃烧器)的研究进展,并对今后的研究进行了展望。     

硝酸羟胺主成分及其杂质分析

研究了硝酸羟胺(HAN)主成分及其部分杂质的仪器分析方法：重氮偶联显色分光光度法测定其主成分硝酸羟胺；纳氏试剂分光光度法测定HAN中杂质硝酸铵；原子吸收光谱法测定HAN中铁、锰、铜、锌、钾、钠、钙、镁、镍、铬、钡、铅、钛等金属杂质。试验结果表明，该方法灵敏度高、简单快速。     

惯性平台新型金属橡胶减振器非线性特性分析

概述了金属橡胶材料的构成及特性。在简要介绍库仑摩擦阻尼产生机理的基础上，通过对于摩擦理想模型及线性双滞迟恢复力的分析，运用非线性振动理论中的谐波平衡法及傅立叶级数分析技巧，对含有位移三次非线性的粘性阻尼双线性滞迟隔振系统进行了研究；通过对不同参数下系统振动递率变化规律的分析，得出了一些有用的结论，为惯性平台新型金属橡胶减振器(以下简称MRD)的研制提供了理论依据。     

航空发动机陶瓷基复合材料无损表征技术研究进展

随着陶瓷基复合材料在先进航空发动机热端部件中的推广应用,对其在工艺研发、制备加工、试验考核以及使用服役等阶段形成的缺陷/损伤进行高效准确的无损表征就变得尤为重要。由于陶瓷基复合材料复杂的制备成型工艺及多相复合引起的高度非均质和各向异性,导致传统基于整体均质化假设的无损检测技术面临诸多挑战。本文结合陶瓷基复合材料在航空发动机领域的应用情况,分析了其在制备、加工及服役等阶段的典型缺陷/损伤类型及特征,重点回顾了近年来陶瓷基复合材料无损表征技术的研究进展及应用情况,总结了现有无损表征技术面临的主要挑战,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

氨水与金属离子对ADN基绿色推进剂稳定性影响

氨是ADN基绿色推进剂中常用的助剂,同时推进剂在储存与使用过程中,可能有微量过渡金属离子引入。为研究氨与金属离子对ADN基推进剂冰点与常温贮存稳定性的影响,本文采用GB/T 2430-2008的喷气燃料冰点测量法研究了氨对ADN-水体系冰点的影响,并采用美军标STANAG 4582的微量热加速老化法研究了氨与过渡金属离子对ADN-水体系常温贮存稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,氨在ADN推进剂体系中是一种优秀的助剂,可有效提升ADN基绿色推进剂的稳定性与使用温度范围。痕量Fe3+与Cr3+（≤15ppm）的引入使ADN基绿色推进剂的稳定性有小幅提升,而30ppm Fe3+、Cr3+与痕量Cu2+的引入使ADN推进剂稳定性略有下降,但仍在安全贮存使用标准范围内。可进一步探究氨与痕量Fe3+、Cr3+的最优化用量,以进一步优化ADN基绿色推进剂的组成,令其在使用性能与稳定性能间取得较好的平衡。