Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Fe-2Mo合金板材超塑成形组织及性能研究

分别采用最大m值法和恒应变速率法对Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Fe-2Mo合金(SP700钛合金)板材进行超塑拉伸,研究了755~785℃、0.1~0.005s-1及不同方向的单向条件下其超塑拉伸变形行为和典型件的超塑成形行为及力学性能。结果表明:SP700钛合金具有优异的低温超塑性,采用最大m值法在45°方向、775℃变形后,获得3110%的最高延伸率,变形诱发晶粒长大使SP700钛合金抵抗颈缩的能力增加。受双向拉应力作用的锥形件,在755℃具有最优的超塑成形工艺性,锥形件高度可达到100mm,并且晶粒尺寸无明显变化。经33%超塑变形量的试样室温力学性能略高于无变形试样,其室温抗拉强度和延伸率平均值分别达到1027MPa和16.8%。     

2219铝合金单轴拉/压蠕变时效行性行为研究

为研究2219铝合金在蠕变时效成形过程中,不同应力状态（拉/压）对其蠕变行为的影响规律,采用室温拉伸的方法研究了165~185℃内单轴拉/压2219铝合金力学性能的变化。结果表明：最佳蠕变时效时间为11 h;在相同的时效制度下,拉/压应力蠕变变形量均随着温度的升高而增加,拉应力的蠕变变形量始终大于压应力的蠕变变形量;无论是拉/压应力蠕变时效还是无应力常规时效,其时效后的性能均随着温度的升高而降低,然而,拉应力时效后性能的下降幅度最为明显;最后,在时效温度为165℃时,不同应力状态下的各项性能指标均表现为最佳。     

Morphing wing flaps for large civil aircraft: Evolution of a smart technology across the Clean Sky program

Morphing wing structures are widely considered among the most promising technologies for the improvement of aerodynamic performances in large civil aircraft. The controlled adaptation of the wing shape to external operative conditions naturally enables the maximization of aircraft aerodynamic efficiency, with positive fallouts on the amount of fuel burned and pollutant emissions. The benefits brought by morphing wings at aircraft level are accompanied by the criticalities of the enabling technologies, mainly involving weight penalties, overconsumption of electrical power, and safety issues. The attempt to solve such criticalities passes through the development of novel design approaches, ensuring the consolidation of reliable structural solutions that are adequately mature for certification and in-flight operations. In this work, the development phases of a multimodal camber morphing wing flap, tailored for large civil aircraft applications, are outlined with specific reference to the activities addressed by the author in the framework of the Clean Sky program.The flap is morphed according to target shapes depending on aircraft flight conditions and defined to enhance high-lift performances during takeoff and landing, as well as wing aerodynamic efficiency during cruise. An innovative system based on finger-like robotic ribs driven by electromechanical actuators is proposed as morphing-enabling technology; the maturation process of the device is then traced from the proof of concept to the consolidation of a true-scale demonstrator for pre-flight ground validation tests. A step-by-step approach involving the design and testing of intermediate demonstrators is then carried out to show the compliance of the adaptive system with industrial standards and safety requirements. The technical issues encountered during the development of each intermediate demonstrator are critically analyzed, and justifications are provided for all the adopted engineering solutions. Finally, the layout of the true-scale demonstrator is presented, with emphasis on the architectural strengths, enabling the forthcoming validation in real operative conditions.     

Nondestructive acquisition of the micro-mechanical properties of high-speed-dry milled micro-thin walled structures based on surface traits

Requirements for the service performance of aeronautic microelectronic components are increasingly strict. However, sever issues, that the acquisition of the service performance such as micro-mechanical properties is destructive, limit the subsequent application of the tested components. Addressing this issue, this paper proposes a nondestructive acquisition method of the micro-mechanical properties of the accelerometer micro-components, based on analyzing surface traits. To select qualified components without damage, we firstly developed a quasi-static micro-tensile tester and then established a combination prediction model of mechanical properties based on micro-milled surface traits. The model works due to the thin-walled structure, which makes the machined surface traits have significant influences on the mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus, yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation at break. Surface roughness, surface structure, and surface anisotropy are extracted to comprehensively present surface traits from different aspects. For improving the practicability of the model, the principal component analysis (PCA) is adopted to reduce high-dimensional traits explanatory variable space into two dimensions, and regression analysis models are comparative established in predicting the mechanical properties. Residuals analysis and error analysis are carried out to show the prediction accuracy. The maximum prediction error is about 10.62%, but the significance levels in the t-test of the predicted Young’s modulus and yield strength are not ideal. Therefore, kernel support vector regression (SVR) is imported to improve the prediction ability of the combination prediction model. The residuals analysis result shows that SVR is effective in enhancing the prediction ability of this model.     

Multiscale modeling of mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of 3D angle-interlock woven aluminum composites subjected to warp/weft directional tension loading

The mechanical behavior and progressive damage mechanism of novel aluminum matrix composites reinforced with 3D angle-interlock woven carbon fibers were investigated using a multiscale modeling approach. The mechanical properties and failure of yarns were evaluated using a microscale model under different loading scenarios. On this basis, a mesoscale model was developed to analyze the tensile behavior and failure mechanism of the composites. The interfacial decohesion, matrix damage, and failure of fibers and yarns were incorporated into the microscopic and mesoscopic models. The stress–strain curves and fracture modes from simulation show good agreement with the experimental curves and fracture morphology. Local interface and matrix damage initiate first under warp directional tension. Thereafter, interfacial failure, weft yarn cracking, and matrix failure occur successively. Axial fracture of warp yarn, which displays a quasi-ductile fracture characteristic, dominates the ultimate composites failure. Under weft directional tension, interfacial failure and warp yarn rupture occur at the early and middle stages. Matrix failure and weft yarn fracture emerge simultaneously at the final stage, leading to the cata-strophic failure of composites. The weft directional strength and fracture strain are lower than the warp directional ones because of the lower weft density and the more serious brittle fracture of weft yarns.     

桥梁结构的力学特性测试与分析计算

对某桥梁进行了实测和理论分析,概述了它的力学特性测试及分析计算的现有技术,总结了通过试验及计算进行桥梁检测和评估的难点,以及进行桥梁整体结构和局部损伤研究的一种途径和方法。     

Si3N4/SiC纳米复合材料的制备力学性能及强韧化机理

ＳｉＣ纳米粒子进入Ｓｉ３Ｎ４基体使其力学性能大幅度增高,引起了研究者有大关注,本文评述了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＣ纳米复合材料的制备工芤及其力学性能,分析了力学性能提高的主要原因,讨论了材料中存在的强化增韧机理。     

某涡喷发动机密封环研制

简要论述了某涡喷发动机密封环在发动机中的工作原理, 结合发动机的研制, 阐明了密封环结构设计、机械性能计算、材料选择、制造加工方法。研制的密封环, 经发动机各项试验考核, 寿命和密封可靠性均符合涡喷发动机总体设计要求。     

三维六向编织复合材料拉伸性能的实验研究

通过三维六向编织T700/TDE86复合材料的纵向拉伸实验,从宏观角度研究了其力学行为,获得了这些材料的主要力学性能参数及破坏规律.实验结果表明,影响三维六向编织复合材料力学性能的最主要参数是编织角,材料的拉伸弹性模量和拉伸强度受编织角的影响显著;编织角较小时,拉伸应力-应变曲线接近于线性,材料表现为脆性特征.本文还利用OLYMPUS体视显微镜对试件断口进行了观察,并对三维六向编织复合材料的破坏机制进行了分析.所得结论为进一步研究三维六向编织复合材料的刚度和强度预报奠定了实验基础.     

辐照对蜂窝夹层结构力学性能的影响

通过对一种碳纤维复合材料面板铝蜂窝夹层结构辐照前后力学性能的试验 ,得到了辐照影响该种蜂窝夹层结构力学性能的变化规律。在试验的基础上 ,讨论分析了空间辐照对碳纤维面板铝蜂窝夹层结构力学性能的影响机理。通过试验和比对 ,从中找出了具有一定普遍性的规律 ,提出了如何提高该蜂窝夹层结构抗空间辐照的研究方向。