碳/钛复合薄膜结构二次电子发射规律

随着我国航天事业的发展,航天器中搭载的微波部件趋于小型化、集成化,而由此带来的微放电效应愈发显著,如何有效抑制微放电效应已成为当前研究的热点。文章使用磁控溅射技术制备了不同掺杂比例的钛/碳复合薄膜。对薄膜样品进行形貌、拉曼光谱及二次电子发射特性的测试分析。结果表明：随着金属钛掺杂比例的提高,薄膜按照柱状结构生长的规律越明显,致密度和平整度越好。结合测试结果及相关理论分析薄膜作用的机理,在碳/钛原子比为0.764时,复合薄膜的最大二次电子发射系数为1.40。碳/钛纳米复合薄膜对微放电效应具有良好的抑制效果,且具有大面积制备及工艺简单等特点。有助于未来有效载荷系统向高功率、高频段、集成化的方向发展。     

Evolution of convex structure during counter-rotating electrochemical machining based on kinematic modeling

Counter-rotating electrochemical machining (CRECM) is a novel electrochemical machining (ECM) method, which can be used to machine convex structures with complex shapes on the outer surface of casings. In this study, the evolution of the convex structure during CRECM is studied. The complex motion form of CRECM is replaced by an equivalent kinematic model, in which the movement of the cathode tool is realized by matrix equations. The trajectory of the cathode tool center satisfies the Archimedes spiral equation, and the feed depth in adjacent cycles is a constant. The simulation results show that the variations of five quality indexes for the convex structure: as machining time increases, the height increases linearly, and the width reduces linearly, the fillets at the top and root fit the rational function, and the inclination angle of the convex satisfies the exponential function. The current density distributions with different rotation angles is investigated. Owing to the differential distribution of current density on workpiece surface, the convex is manufactured with the cathode window transferring into and out of the processing area. Experimental results agree very well with the simulation, which indicates that the proposed model is effective for prediction the evolution of the convex structure in CRECM.     

火炮首发命中率试验脱靶弹数据处理方法

通过对出现脱靶弹情况下的散布特征参数估计方法进行研究,建立正态双边截尾样本均值和方差估计数学模型,并给出了数值计算方法,为火炮武器系统首发命中概率试验脱靶提供了理论依据。     

基于MSC.Fatigue的电子设备随机振动疲劳分析

针对机载电子设备随机振动问题,研究利用数字仿真技术预测结构随机振动疲劳寿命的方法.以某机载电子设备结构为研究对象,根据随机振动理论和有限单元法,采用MSC.Fatigue软件进行随机振动疲劳分析,计算疲劳寿命大小及分布.通过把计算结果与试验结果进行对比,证明利用随机振动疲劳分析方法预测此类产品的疲劳寿命是可行的.     

爆轰胞格尺寸的统计分析

爆轰胞格尺寸作为可燃系统的本征值,可用来确定爆轰传播时的临界尺寸,比如直管传播时的临界管径、管道突扩时的临界尺寸等。然而,该尺寸的测量具有较强的主观性。为了减少人工测量带来的不确定性,文章采用两种统计方法:概率密度函数法和自相关函数法,对数值模拟得到的不同规则程度的爆轰胞格进行了统计分析。爆轰胞格的不规则程度采用单步反应的活化能来体现。当活化能较低时(Ea=15),胞格较规则,两种统计方法得到的胞格尺寸较一致。随着活化能的增加(Ea=20),胞格开始不规则,两种统计方法也开始出现偏差。当活化能进一步增加(Ea=25、27),胞格极不规则,开始出现横波的合并,两种统计方法得到的结果出现较大的偏差。这是由于概率密度法处理爆轰波阵面三波点规则时,没有考虑迹线上能量的分布,而自相关函数法根据三波点上的涡量值对胞格尺寸进行统计分析,因此,该方法得到的爆轰胞格尺寸比概率函数法更能真实体现可燃系统的爆轰特性。     

用差分法处理相关性测量数据方法探讨

当测量参数（或称测量元素）具有强相关性时,运用测量求差法解算测量结果,能消除相关性误差因素的影响,获得高精度测量结果,如电影望远镜同帧画幅测量脱靶量.基于此,运用测量方法和数学手段构建一个虚拟的元素相关测量系统,以消除相关性误差因素的影响,同样能获得理想结果.用多台测速雷达组成的系统,可使火炮弹丸空间坐标的测量精度达到毫米量级,从而满足多种火炮立靶密集度的测量精度要求.     

Bifurcation analysis of ion-acoustic waves for Schrödinger equation in nonextensive Solar wind plasma

Bifurcation analysis of ion-acoustic wave (IAWs) solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) is explored for the first time in an electron-ion (e-i) magnetized solar wind plasma. The existence of ion-acoustic (IA) periodic, superperiodic, kink, antikink, compressive and rarefactive solitary wave solutions are revealed. Special values of Solar wind plasma parameters at a normalized distance from the Sun are considered for numerical simulation. The IA wave solutions are derived analytically. These solutions are analyzed numerically considering the influence of parameters, namely, wave number (k), velocity (V) of traveling wave and nonextensive parameter (q). Computational simulation reveals that only IA periodic wave grows in amplitude as waves moves from the Sun.     

Calibration errors in determining slant Total Electron Content (TEC) from multi-GNSS data

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is presently a powerful tool for sensing the Earth's ionosphere. For this purpose, the ionospheric measurements (IMs), which are by definition slant total electron content biased by satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCBs), need to be first extracted from GNSS data and then used as inputs for further ionospheric representations such as tomography. By using the customary phase-to-code leveling procedure, this research comparatively evaluates the calibration errors on experimental IMs obtained from three GNSS, namely the US Global Positioning System (GPS), the Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), and the European Galileo. On the basis of ten days of dual-frequency, triple-GNSS observations collected from eight co-located ground receivers that independently form short-baselines and zero-baselines, the IMs are determined for each receiver for all tracked satellites and then for each satellite differenced for each baseline to evaluate their calibration errors. As first derived from the short-baseline analysis, the effects of calibration errors on IMs range, in total electron content units, from 1.58 to 2.16, 0.70 to 1.87, and 1.13 to 1.56 for GPS, Galileo, and BDS, respectively. Additionally, for short-baseline experiment, it is shown that the code multipath effect accounts for their main budget. Sidereal periodicity is found in single-differenced (SD) IMs for GPS and BDS geostationary satellites, and the correlation of SD IMs over two consecutive days achieves the maximum value when the time tag is around 4?min. Moreover, as byproducts of zero-baseline analysis, daily between-receiver DCBs for GPS are subject to more significant intra-day variations than those for BDS and Galileo.     

Neural network prediction of the topside electron content over the Euro-African sector derived from Swarm-A measurements

This study presents the first prediction results of a neural network model for the vertical total electron content of the topside ionosphere based on Swarm-A measurements. The model was trained on 5 years of Swarm-A data over the Euro-African sector spanning the period 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018. The Swarm-A data was combined with solar and geomagnetic indices to train the NN model. The Swarm-A data of 1 January to 30 September 2019 was used to test the performance of the neural network. The data was divided into two main categories: most quiet and most disturbed days of each month. Each category was subdivided into two sub-categories according to the Swarm-A trajectory i.e. whether it was ascending or descending in order to accommodate the change in local time when the satellite traverses the poles. Four pairs of neural network models were implemented, the first of each pair having one hidden layer, and the second of each pair having two hidden layers, for the following cases: 1) quiet day-ascending, 2) quiet day-descending, 3) disturbed day-ascending, and 4) disturbed day-descending. The topside vertical total electron content predicted by the neural network models compared well with the measurements by Swarm-A. The model that performed best was the one hidden layer model in the case of quiet days for descending trajectories, with RMSE = 1.20 TECU, R = 0.76. The worst performance occurred during the disturbed descending trajectories where the one hidden layer model had the worst RMSE = 2.12 TECU, (R = 0.54), and the two hidden layer model had the worst correlation coefficient R = 0.47 (RMSE = 1.57).In all cases, the neural network models performed better than the IRI2016 model in predicting the topside total electron content. The NN models presented here is the first such attempt at comparing NN models for the topside VTEC based on Swarm-A measurements.     

On the performance of IRI-2016 to predict the North-South asymmetry of the equatorial ionization anomaly around 73°E longitude

The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) in both northern and southern Equatorial anomaly regions are examined by using the Global Positioning System (GPS) based TEC measurements around 73°E Longitude in the Asian sector. The TEC contour charts obtained at SURAT (21.16°N; 72.78°E; 12.9°N Geomagnetic Lat.) and DGAR (7.27°S; 72.37°E; 15.3°S Geomagnetic Lat.) over 73°E longitude during a very low solar activity phase (2009) and a moderate solar activity (2012) phase are used in this study. The results show the existence of hemispheric asymmetry and the effects of solar activity on the EIA crest in occurrence time, location and strength. The results are also compared with the TEC derived by IRI-2016 Model and it is found that the North-South asymmetry at the EIA region is clearly depicted by IRI-2016 with some discrepancies (up to 20% in the northern hemisphere at SURAT and up to 40% in the southern hemisphere at DGAR station for June Solstice and up to 10% both for SURAT and DGAR for December Solstice). This discrepancy in the IRI-2016 model is found larger during the year 2012 than that during the solar minimum year 2009 at both the hemispheres. Further, an asymmetry index, (A_i) is determined to illustrate the North-South asymmetry observed in TEC at EIA crest. The seasonal, annual and solar flux dependence of this index are investigated during both solstices and compared with the TEC derived by IRI.