新型电子束焊机阴极加热电源自动调节系统

开发了一种新型电子束焊机阴极加热电源自动调节系统,包括新型主电路拓扑和对应控制策略,该系统能够使阴极处在最佳加热电流状态,从而提高电子束流稳定性.并且在检测到电子枪未加高压时,阴极加热电流自动关闭,在加有高压但束流给定为零时,阴极加热电流自动减少,能大幅增加阴极的使用寿命.经试验证明该系统相比传统阴极加热电源操作简洁、快速和准确,对焊缝成形质量好.     

Relative amplitude of the total electron content variations depending on geomagnetic activity

We developed a method of estimation of a relative amplitude dI/I of the total electron content (TEC) variations in the ionosphere as deduced from the data of the global GPS receivers network. To obtain statistically significant results we picked out three latitudinal belts provided in the Internet by the maximum number of GPS sites. They are high-latitudinal belt (50–80°N, 200–300°E; 59 sites), mid latitude belt (20–50°N, 200–300°E; 817 sites), and equatorial belt (±20°N, 0–360°E; 76 sites). The results of the analysis of the diurnal and latitudinal dependencies of dI/I and dI/I distribution probability for 52 days with different levels of geomagnetic activity are presented. It was found that on average the relative amplitude of the TEC variations varies within the range 0–10% proportionally to the value of the K_p geomagnetic index. In quiet conditions the relative amplitude dI/I of the TEC variations at night significantly exceeds the daytime relative amplitude. At high levels of magnetic field disturbances, the geomagnetic control of the amplitude of TEC variations at high and middle latitudes is much more significant than the regular diurnal variations. At the equatorial belt, on average, the amplitude of TEC variations in quiet and disturbed periods almost does not differ. The obtained results may be useful for development of the theory of ionospheric irregularities.     

软件GNSS信号模拟器架构与中频信号生成

软件GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite Systems)信号模拟器对于GNSS接收机的高效研发将做出重要贡献,因其结构灵活、开放性以及低成本.以GPS/Galileo组合系统为例,讨论了软件GNSS中频信号模拟器的架构,主要功能模块包括卫星星座仿真、接收机轨迹生成、传播通道特性仿真(包括电离层模型、对流层模型、多径模型等)、数字中频信号生成.在此基础上,着重阐述了数字中频信号生成模块的实现,功率谱图及分析结果验证了所生成的信号,包括GPS L1 C/A,Galileo E1 CBOC(Composite Binary Offset Carrier),Galileo E5a和E5b信号.     

大密度变化非连续介质气体流场的数值仿真

针对大密度变化非连续介质气体流场的仿真难题,实现了分区可变时间步长方法,为了保证宏观物理量通量在界面上连续,针对穿过两个时间步长不相等的区之间的界面的分子执行剩余时间缩放处理。提出了一种高效的分区界面和壁面处理算法,将每个界面设定为只属于一个区,将跨过多个区的壁面分解成分别只属于一个区的多个壁面,并规定仿真分子只能与本区的界面和壁面相互作用。对喷管流场的模拟表明,此方法可以大大提高计算效率。     

双流制窄轨电力机车用异步牵引电机设计

将牵引电机应用于双流制窄轨电力机车时,由于窄轨机车轨距小,所以牵引电机安装空间异常狭小,比一般牵引电机在安装空间、电机结构、电磁负荷等方面的要求更加苛刻。针对窄轨双流制电力机车的运用特点和特殊要求进行了分析,提出了牵引电机的设计要求和关键技术难点,并对关键技术难点给出了相应的分析和解决措施。对该牵引电机的制造过程及电机试验测试情况进行了论述。试验结果表明,该牵引电机达到了设计预期,完全能满足设计要求。     

某类跨大气层飞行器全航程红外辐射特性分析

针对某类跨大气层飞行器飞行过程中需要进出大气层,且飞行速度跨度大等特点,建立了不同空域、不同飞行速度下的机体头部受热模型。当在大气层内飞行时分别使用经验公式和Lees公式计算马赫数小于5和大于5时头部受热情况,当在大气层外飞行时建立了考虑太阳直射、地球反照和地球红外加热情况下的受热模型。利用普朗克定律得到了相同温度下不同波段的红外辐射能量占比情况。最后利用本方法对某类跨大气层飞行器进行了温度和红外辐射计算,得到的计算结果能够大致反映全航程头部温度和红外辐射变化情况。     

The role of AVDR in linear cascade testing

Linear cascade testing plays an important role in the research and development of turbomachinery and is widely used over the world.The ideal cascade model of a turbomachinery blade row is two-dimensional.In actual linear cascade testing, the flow through the test section converges due to the development of the boundary layer and secondary flow along the sidewall surfaces of the test section.Axial velocity density ratio(AVDR) is adopted to account for the deviation of the tested cascade flow from the ideal 2D model.Among numerous published cascade works, the influence of AVDR on cascade performance is seen to be complicated with many affecting factors, such as those related to cascade/blade geometry and flow conditions.Also, controlling AVDR is limited by the facility capability.Furthermore, real blade-to-blade flow in turbomachines is usually associated with AVDR greater than unity due to limited span of blades between the hub and shroud such that cascade testing without reducing AVDR could be favored sometimes.All these facets add complexity and diversification to the matter.The current paper reviews previous studies and results on AVDR.Consolidated understanding on the role of AVDR and recommendations on how to deal with it in linear cascade testing are provided.      

分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机设计与分析

分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机由于转矩密度高、弱磁性能好、齿槽转矩小和效率高等特点,广泛应用于航空航天、电动汽车等领域。本文研究了机载雷达伺服系统用分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机,建立了电机的解析模型,分析了长径比、裂比、磁密系数等设计参数对电机性能的影响规律。结果表明,电机的输出转矩和质量分别与定子外径D3os,D2os成正比,绕组端部比重与长径比λ成反比,综合转矩密度和绕组端部比重两个因素,λ宜在0.2~0.4范围内选择。当定子裂比γ增加时,转矩密度先增大后减小,为使转矩密度最大,γ宜在0.6~0.8范围内选择。当磁密系数χ增加时,输出转矩先增大后减小,为使输出转矩最大,χ宜设计在1.75附近。基于理论分析和仿真计算,文中设计并加工了一台45槽38极分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机,最后通过实验测试了其性能。     

限带白噪声随机过程的雨流幅值概率密度函数模型

对17种不同带宽系数的限带白噪声随机过程进行了雨流循环计数统计,提出了一个限带白噪声随机过程的雨流幅值概率密度函数(Probability density function,PDF)模型。该模型是Rayleigh分布和Weibull分布的线性组合,其中待定系数均为随机过程谱参数的函数。采用该模型对这17种随机过程的雨流幅值概率密度函数进行了公式拟合,探究了模型中待定参数与随机过程谱参数之间的关系,确定了模型表达式。对照随机过程的雨流计数统计结果,将该模型与Dirlik模型的预测精度进行了比较,结果表明该模型的预测效果优于Dirlik模型。     

针刺炭布/网胎复合织物的组分形态及性能研究

将T-300炭纤维平纹布和聚丙烯腈（PAN）预氧化纤维网胎预复合,接力层叠、针刺、炭化后制备了炭布/网胎复合织物.在分析复合织物组分形态的基础上,研究了针刺深度和针刺密度对复合织物性能的影响.研究结果表明,随针刺深度增大,复合织物密度增大,X-Y向和Z向拉伸强度均存在极值;随针刺密度增加,复合织物X-Y向拉伸强度下降,而复合织物密度和Z向拉伸强度则存在极值.