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431.
The interaction of the solar wind with the Martian exosphere and ionosphere leads to significant loss of atmosphere from the
planet. Spacecraft data confirm that this is the case. However, the issue is how much is actually lost. Given that spacecraft
coverage is sparse, simulation is one of the few ways for these estimates to be made. In this paper the evolution of our attempts
to place bounds on this loss rate will be addressed. Using a hybrid particle code the loss rate with respect to solar EUV
flux is addressed as well as a variety of numerical and chemical issues. The progress made has been of an evolutionary nature,
with one approach tried and tested followed by another as the simulations are improved and better estimates are produced.
The results to be reported suggest that the ion loss rates are high enough to explain the loss of water from Mars during earlier
solar epochs. 相似文献
432.
433.
E. Georgescu H.U. Auster T. Takada J. Gloag H. Eichelberger K.-H. Fornaçon P. Brown C.M. Carr T.L. Zhang 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(10):1579-1584
On TC-1 (Tan Ce 1), the equatorial spacecraft of the Double Star mission, a strong spin-synchronized magnetic interference from the solar panels was observed. In-flight correction techniques for spinning spacecraft that are based on minimizing spin tones in the spin-aligned component and in the magnitude of the ambient magnetic field are therefore not possible in this case. However, due to the fortunate situation that the spacecraft carries two flux-gate magnetometers on the same boom (at 0.5 m distance from each other), the spacecraft field effects could be removed from the spin-averaged data to achieve 0.2 nT relative accuracy, by using a gradiometer technique. Methodology and results are presented. The obtained accuracy allows the use of the data in multi-spacecraft studies together with the Cluster satellites. 相似文献
434.
为了使DFR法能够适用于一般运输类飞机的疲劳分析,对DFR法进行了改进。从飞机各典型飞行任务剖面的使用比例(飞行次数比例)导出其在整个寿命期内所占的损伤比例,进而获得了当量剖面的损伤;然后再以当量剖面的损伤为基准,计算地-空-地(G-A-G)损伤比,再导出当量地-空-地循环数,最后确定出地-空-地循环许用应力和疲劳裕度。改进后的DFR法已应用于实际的工程设计。 相似文献
435.
G. Salamunićcar 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
The Mathematical Statistics Theory (MST) and the Mathematical Theory of Stochastic Processes (MTSP) are different branches of the more general Mathematical Probability Theory (MPT) that can be used to investigate physical processes through mathematics. Each model of a stochastic process, according to MTSP, can provide one or more interpretations in the MST domain. A large body of work on impact crater statistics according to MST exists, showing cumulative crater frequency (N km−2) as a function of age (years) for some particular crater diameter. However, this is only one possible representation in the MST domain of the bombardment of the planetary surface modeled as a stochastic process according to MTSP. The idea that other representations are possible in the MST domain of the same stochastic process from MTSP has been recently presented. The importance of the approach is that each such mathematical-based interpretation can provide a large amount of new information. Coupled with MOLA data, Topography-Profile Diagrams (TPD) are one of the many examples that can provide a large amount of new information regarding the history of Mars. TPD consists of: (1) Topography-Profile Curve (TPC), which is a representation of the planet’s topography, (2) Density-of-Craters Curve (DCC), which represents density of craters, (3) Filtered-DCC (FDCC), which represents DCC filtered by a low-pass filter, included with the purpose of reducing the noise, and (4) Level-of-Substance-Over-Time Curve (LSOTC), which represents interpretation of the influence on the distribution of craters shown by FDCC. TPC uniquely corresponds to the computation of TPD, whereas DCC depends on algorithms for computing the elevation of each crater according to the topography, center coordinates, and radius of impact crater, and FDCC relies on the architecture of the custom designed low-pass filter for filtering DCC. However, all variations of DCC and FDCC, which includes the various impact crater data sets, showed a correlation among the density of craters and elevation over 70–80% of the planet surface. Additionally, if we assume that the ocean primarily caused the noted correlation, LSOTC offers a mathematical approach for estimating topographic change of the ocean’s extent over time. Accordingly, TPD is the first new practical application of MTSP to lunar and planetary sciences, showing correlation of topography to a physical process. 相似文献
436.
针对卫星管理和应用中测控、运控、应用等系统各自建设部署带来的管理分散、架构不统一、系统间人工协调频繁等问题,介绍了某卫星工程地面系统一体化任务中心建设。主要说明了任务中心一体化云计算系统架构、两层扁平网络架构、平台+插件软件架构和一体化任务流程,以及任务中心基础平台可靠性与适配性建设中的关键技术。通过统一技术架构实现共性资源统筹调度、各类数据统管统用,通过中心内部统一管理实现任务全流程监视和设备全系统运维。任务中心满足设计要求,平台稳定可靠,业务流程协调,工作自动高效,图像产品优质,实现了测控、运控、应用、站网管理的一体化运行。 相似文献
437.
"嫦娥4号"中继星是"嫦娥4号"探测器实现月球背面着陆与巡视的关键,目前正稳定运行在地-月L2点使命轨道上,该使命轨道为平均周期约14天的南族Halo轨道。因任务的需要,中继星本体系+Z轴需调整指向,处于正对太阳和非正对太阳两种状态。太阳光压在中继星+Z轴对日的情况下会加速卫星的角动量累积,增加卫星卸载喷气频次。基于中继星使命轨道段测控支持条件,采用重叠弧段法对两种状态下的中继星定轨精度进行分析与评估。结果表明,在中继星+Z轴非对日运行状态下,重叠弧段位置误差为1.6 km,速度误差为8 mm/s;在中继星+Z轴对日运行状态下,重叠弧段位置误差为0.6 km,速度误差为3 mm/s,这对中继星的长期运行具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
438.
439.
基于"嫦娥二号"卫星再拓展试验的设计轨道,研究各种摄动力对轨道确定精度的影响,得出的结论是:若要达到km量级的轨道确定精度,必须考虑除天王星和海王星之外所有大行星以及日月的质点引力。文章进一步利用数值分析法研究再拓展任务的轨道确定精度,分析结果表明:基于目前的测控条件,使用30 d以上的测轨弧段可以得到稳定可靠的轨道解,而短弧(小于20 d)稳定轨道的获取需要VLBI(甚长基线干涉)测轨数据支持;当"嫦娥二号"距离地球700万km时,测控精度可优于30 km;虽然每天测轨弧段的增加可以改善轨道精度,但是当增加到8 h以上时,定轨精度将不再有明显改善。 相似文献
440.