电子设备射流送风冷却特性试验研究

射流送风是载人航天器密封舱内电子设备冷却的一种有效方式,具有简单可靠、系统质量轻、换热系数大等优点.文章对中国载人航天器密封舱内2台大功耗电子设备射流送风冷却特性进行了试验研究,分析了射流风量、送风孔数、表面状态对设备平衡温度的影响.利用不超过0.4m3/min的风量,可将热流密度为315.8W/m2的设备温度控制在5...     

交会对接组合体热管理研究

组合体热管理是实现目标飞行器和载人飞船交会对接组合体载人热环境控制的重要手段。文章提出了以舱段间通风为技术途径的交会对接组合体热管理方案。在组合体热特性分析和热平衡试验基础上,获得了组合体热管理系统分析模型。分析结果表明,组合体密封舱空气温度在19～26℃范围内可调,验证了交会对接组合体热管理设计的正确性。最后,对空间...     

火星卫星的冻结轨道研究

冻结轨道是一种稳定的轨道,地球、火星、月球的卫星因引力场的南北不对称,都存在冻结轨道.由于主星体引力场的不同,它们卫星的冻结轨道也有不同的特性.地球卫星的冻结执道的偏心率非常小,对卫星遥感非常有利,国内外已有相当多的近地遥感卫星采用这种轨道.月球卫星的冻结轨道偏心率随轨道倾角的不同有很大的变化,对月球卫星冻结轨道的研究...     

论当前大学图书馆的使命

论述了在当前形势下,中国大学图书馆应重新诠释其使命，即从支持教学改革，支持科学研究，参加大学信息基础建设，保障学生信息平等方面支持高等教育的发展，以及应在支持个人的学习方面发挥自己不可替代的作用。     

Ocean Tides in GRACE Monthly Averaged Gravity Fields

The GRACE mission will map the Earth's gravity fields and its variations with unprecedented accuracy during its 5-year lifetime. Unless ocean tide signals and their load upon the solid earth are removed from the GRACE data, their long period aliases obscure more subtle climate signals which GRACE aims at. In this analysis the results of Knudsen and Andersen (2002) have been verified using actual post-launch orbit parameter of the GRACE mission. The current ocean tide models are not accurate enough to correct GRACE data at harmonic degrees lower than 47. The accumulated tidal errors may affect the GRACE data up to harmonic degree 60. A study of the revised alias frequencies confirm that the ocean tide errors will not cancel in the GRACE monthly averaged temporal gravity fields. The S₂ and the K₂ terms have alias frequencies much longer than 30 days, so they remain almost unreduced in the monthly averages. Those results have been verified using a simulated 30 days GRACE orbit. The results show that the magnitudes of the monthly averaged values are slightly higher than the previous values. This may be caused by insufficient sampling to fully resolve and reduce the tidal signals at short wavelengths and close to the poles. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

多约束多星快响巡察任务规划方法

多星快响巡察任务是指多个目标卫星出现不明状况,巡察服务平台在短时间内进行轨道转移,携带多个子航天器对目标进行飞越巡察。对于该问题的任务规划,首先基于共面机动给出了平台调相策略并建立了满足光照和机动能力等约束的巡察窗口筛选计算模型;其次提出了一种贪婪搜索和多轮规划的方法,用于确定任务分配方案和巡察次序;最后在高精度轨道模型下验证了方法的有效性并将该方法与混合编码遗传算法进行了对比。在算例中,该方法的优化效果稍优于混合编码遗传算法,而且求解效率是后者的约227倍,表明贪婪搜索和多轮规划方法更适用该问题的高效求解。     

载人航天器密封舱内生物剂量三维仿真技术

对载人航天器密封舱内航天员遭受的生物剂量进行研究分析,可为乘员辐射防护设计和工程实施提供依据。文章将基于一维深度-剂量计算、结合扇区射线法的三维辐射仿真技术运用于载人航天器总体设计中,以某中期驻留载人航天器为例,构建生物剂量仿真分析模型。计算实例分析表明,三维剂量仿真结果可有效指导乘员辐射防护优化设计,对后续长期载人飞行中的航天员辐射安全设计具有较强的实用性。     

任务计划地面站编队数据加载方法研究

随着航空电子系统不断发展,任务计划地面站作为航电系统的一个场站保障设备,为飞行前数据的组织、任务数据加载、飞行后记录数据的管理传输和视频/音频的回放提供了一种快速、准确、规范和安全的技术手段。为适应航空电子系统多机编队任务参数地面加载需求,确保多个任务计划中加载数据的准确性,降低用户对编队内几架甚至十几架飞机制作任务参数的难度,本文提出了合理有效的编队数据加载方案,给用户的使用带来了极大的方便。     

Characteristics and accuracies of the GRACE inter-satellite pointing

For almost 10 years, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) has provided information about the Earth gravity field with unprecedented accuracy. Efforts are ongoing to approach the GRACE baseline accuracy as there still remains an order of magnitude between the present error level of the gravity field solutions and the GRACE baseline. At the current level of accuracy, thorough investigation of sensor related effects is necessary as they are one of the potential contributors to the error budget. In the science mode operations, the twin satellites are kept precisely pointed with their KBR antennas towards each other. It is the task of the onboard attitude and orbit control system (AOCS) to keep the satellites in the required formation. We analyzed long time series of the inter-satellite pointing variations as they reflect the AOCS performance and characteristics. We present significant systematic effects in the inter-satellite pointing and discuss their possible sources. Prominent features are especially related to the magnetic torquer characteristics, star cameras’ performance and KBR antenna calibration parameters. The relation between the magnetic torquer attitude control and the Earth magnetic field, impact of the different performance of the two star camera heads on the attitude control and the features due to uncertainties in the calibration parameters relating the star camera frame to K-frame are discussed in detail. Proper understanding of these effects will help to reduce their impact on the science data and subsequently increase the accuracy of the gravity field solutions. Moreover, understanding the complexity of the onboard system is essential not only for increasing the accuracy of the GRACE data but also for the development of the future gravity field satellite missions.     

基于虚拟样机的多星分离仿真分析

在一箭多星发射任务中,卫星分离仿真分析较为复杂,分离后卫星的运动状态受多因素共同影响,包括弹簧弹力、爆炸螺栓冲击力、电连接器拔脱力、航天器质量特性、初始运动参数等,采用传统数值计算的方法难以求解。虚拟样机技术能够有效解决上述问题,通过虚拟样机技术完成卫星分离仿真分析,通过人为设置偏差及干扰,模拟偏差及故障模式下卫星分离过程,评估碰撞等危险发生的可能性。结果表明,系统偏差对分离结果的影响量可通过仿真来评估,在风险较大情况下需要采取弹簧筛选等措施;另外,电分离插头机械拔脱力作用时间短,造成的干扰一般情况下不会影响分离安全。