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171.
以我国载人航天飞行任务为背景,针对历次任务中USB测控网使用上出现的测站任务准备时间过长、与其他任务测站使用相冲突、测站使用效率不高等问题,在统计和分析实战任务数据的基础上,给出了一个载人航天飞行任务USB测控网优化配置的可行性方案,并提出了任务中选择测站的原则和测站配置确定流程,以期能够在今后的任务中更为合理地分配有限的USB测控网资源,提高其使用效率。 相似文献
172.
Rosetta Ground Segment and Mission Operations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
At the European Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt (Germany) the activities for ground segment development and mission operations
preparation for Rosetta started in 1997. Many of the characteristics of this mission were new to ESOC and have therefore required
an early effort in identifying all the necessary facilities and functions. The ground segment required entirely new elements
to be developed, such as the large deep-space antenna built in New Norcia (Western Australia). The long duration of the journey
to the comet, of about 10 years, required an effort in the operations concept definition to reduce the cost of routine monitoring
and control. The new approaches adopted for the Rosetta mission include full transfer of on-board software maintenance responsibility
to the operations team, and the installation of a fully functioning spacecraft engineering model at ESOC, in support of testing
and troubleshooting activities in flight, but also for training of the operations staff. Special measures have also been taken
to minimise the ground contact with the spacecraft during cruise, to reduce cost, down to a typical frequency of one contact
per week. The problem of maintaining knowledge and expertise in the long flight to comet Churyumov–Gerasimenko is also a major
challenge for the Rosetta operations team, which has been tackled early in the mission preparation phase and evolved with
the first years of flight experience. 相似文献
173.
174.
多目标模糊决策模型及其在载人航天中应用的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
周前群 《中国空间科学技术》1998,18(1):66-70
为了探讨在与载人航天相关问题中进行优化决策的方法,根据模糊数学理论,首先提出模糊接近度的概念;然后计算模糊关系矩阵和相对广义加权接近距离,据此建立了多目标模糊决策模型。最后,以确定中长期载人航天器座舱内航天员的人数为实例,进行了具体的模糊决策,所得结果具有参考价值。 相似文献
175.
载人航天器密封舱门的可靠性验证试验方法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
论述了载人航天器密封舱门的功能、工作原理和主要故障模式,确定了舱门的可靠性特征量,基于计量型可靠性试验的基本思路,提出了舱门的可靠性试验方法,包括试验方法选择、试验件状态及试验条件的确定、试验程序、故障判据和可靠性评估方法,给出了应用示例,为载人航天器密封舱门的可靠性验证提供了技术途径。 相似文献
176.
舱外航天服热试验方法研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
舱外航天服采用主被动相结合的热控方式控制内部的温度,但其外形复杂,影响外热流的因素很多,因此舱外航天服热试验存在着与传统航天器热试验完全不同的特点。文章根据舱外航天服热设计的特点,对舱外航天服的地面热试验方法进行了比较分析和研究,论证了采用等效外热流模拟方法,通过进行舱外航天服系统漏热和散热能力的测试来验证热设计方法的合理性及热试验方法的可行性。 相似文献
177.
178.
Analysis and design of low-energy transfers to the Moon has been a subject of great interest for decades. Exterior and interior transfers, based on the transit through the regions where the collinear libration points are located, have been studied for a long time and some space missions have already taken advantage of the results of these studies. This paper is concerned with a geometrical approach for low-energy Earth-to-Moon mission analysis, based on isomorphic mapping. The isomorphic mapping of trajectories allows a visual, intuitive representation of periodic orbits and of the related invariant manifolds, which correspond to tubes that emanate from the curve associated with the periodic orbit. Two types of Earth-to-Moon missions are considered. The first mission is composed of the following arcs: (i) transfer trajectory from a circular low Earth orbit to the stable invariant manifold associated with the Lyapunov orbit at L1 (corresponding to a specified energy level) and (ii) transfer trajectory along the unstable manifold associated with the Lyapunov orbit at L1, with final injection in a periodic orbit around the Moon. The second mission is composed of the following arcs: (i) transfer trajectory from a circular low Earth orbit to the stable invariant manifold associated with the Lyapunov orbit at L1 (corresponding to a specified energy level) and (ii) transfer trajectory along the unstable manifold associated with the Lyapunov orbit at L1, with final injection in a capture (non-periodic) orbit around the Moon. In both cases three velocity impulses are needed to perform the transfer: the first at an unknown initial point along the low Earth orbit, the second at injection on the stable manifold, the third at injection in the final (periodic or capture) orbit. The final goal is in finding the optimization parameters, which are represented by the locations, directions, and magnitudes of the velocity impulses such that the overall delta-v of the transfer is minimized. This work proves how isomorphic mapping (in two distinct forms) can be profitably employed to optimize such transfers, by determining in a geometrical fashion the desired optimization parameters that minimize the delta-v budget required to perform the transfer. 相似文献
179.
James E. Richardson H. Jay Melosh Natasha A. Artemeiva Elisabetta Pierazzo 《Space Science Reviews》2005,117(1-2):241-267
The cratering event produced by the Deep Impact mission is a unique experimental opportunity, beyond the capability of Earth-based
laboratories with regard to the impacting energy, target material, space environment, and extremely low-gravity field. Consequently,
impact cratering theory and modeling play an important role in this mission, from initial inception to final data analysis.
Experimentally derived impact cratering scaling laws provide us with our best estimates for the crater diameter, depth, and
formation time: critical in the mission planning stage for producing the flight plan and instrument specifications. Cratering
theory has strongly influenced the impactor design, producing a probe that should produce the largest possible crater on the
surface of Tempel 1 under a wide range of scenarios. Numerical hydrocode modeling allows us to estimate the volume and thermodynamic
characteristics of the material vaporized in the early stages of the impact. Hydrocode modeling will also aid us in understanding
the observed crater excavation process, especially in the area of impacts into porous materials. Finally, experimentally derived
ejecta scaling laws and modeling provide us with a means to predict and analyze the observed behavior of the material launched
from the comet during crater excavation, and may provide us with a unique means of estimating the magnitude of the comet’s
gravity field and by extension the mass and density of comet Tempel 1. 相似文献
180.
A Coradini F. Capaccioni P. Drossart G. Arnold E. Ammannito F. Angrilli A. Barucci G. Bellucci J. Benkhoff G. Bianchini J. P. Bibring M. Blecka D. Bockelee-Morvan M. T. Capria R. Carlson U. Carsenty P. Cerroni L. Colangeli M. Combes M. Combi J. Crovisier M. C. Desanctis E. T. Encrenaz S. Erard C. Federico G. Filacchione U. Fink S. Fonti V. Formisano W. H. Ip R. Jaumann E. Kuehrt Y. Langevin G. Magni T. Mccord V. Mennella S. Mottola G. Neukum P. Palumbo G. Piccioni H. Rauer B. Saggin B. Schmitt D. Tiphene G. Tozzi 《Space Science Reviews》2007,128(1-4):529-559
The VIRTIS (Visual IR Thermal Imaging Spectrometer) experiment has been one of the most successful experiments built in Europe
for Planetary Exploration. VIRTIS, developed in cooperation among Italy, France and Germany, has been already selected as
a key experiment for 3 planetary missions: the ESA-Rosetta and Venus Express and NASA-Dawn. VIRTIS on board Rosetta and Venus
Express are already producing high quality data: as far as Rosetta is concerned, the Earth-Moon system has been successfully
observed during the Earth Swing-By manouver (March 2005) and furthermore, VIRTIS will collect data when Rosetta flies by Mars
in February 2007 at a distance of about 200 kilometres from the planet. Data from the Rosetta mission will result in a comparison
– using the same combination of sophisticated experiments – of targets that are poorly differentiated and are representative
of the composition of different environment of the primordial solar system. Comets and asteroids, in fact, are in close relationship
with the planetesimals, which formed from the solar nebula 4.6 billion years ago. The Rosetta mission payload is designed
to obtain this information combining in situ analysis of comet material, obtained by the small lander Philae, and by a long lasting and detailed remote sensing of the
comet, obtained by instrument on board the orbiting Spacecraft. The combination of remote sensing and in situ measurements will increase the scientific return of the mission. In fact, the “in situ” measurements will provide “ground-truth” for the remote sensing information, and, in turn, the locally collected data will
be interpreted in the appropriate context provided by the remote sensing investigation. VIRTIS is part of the scientific payload
of the Rosetta Orbiter and will detect and characterise the evolution of specific signatures – such as the typical spectral
bands of minerals and molecules – arising from surface components and from materials dispersed in the coma. The identification
of spectral features is a primary goal of the Rosetta mission as it will allow identification of the nature of the main constituent
of the comets. Moreover, the surface thermal evolution during comet approach to sun will be also studied. 相似文献