空空导弹惯性开关中圆周磁场对导弹性能的影响

为了提高空空导弹的作战效能和可靠性,由弹载电源向开关电路进行大电流放电,可提高惯性开关中圆柱电极上周磁场的强度,增强抵抗磁钢对钢珠反向作用力的能力,当导弹撞击目标过载较小时,使惯性开关的导通时间也能够满足触发电路工作需要,因此,导弹遇目标不炸的故障概率可得到下降。     

基于磁路法与等效热网络法的航天 永磁同步电机设计与仿真

针对航天永磁同步电机方案初步设计耗时长、过度依赖商业软件的问题,基于磁路法和热网络法,提出了一套方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机磁热性能快速预估与仿真方法。给出了定子内径、定子外径、铁芯长度、匝数等关键参数的取值准则,建立了包含36个节点集总参数热网络模型,并以端部绕组为例给出了热平衡方程的详细推导过程。通过与成熟商业软件对比,其电磁计算最大误差出现在电流有效值上,偏差值为607%;与样机实测值对比,绕组温升最大误差为73%,满足方案设计阶段预示精度要求,为方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机快速性能预估提供有力支撑。     

航天器表面电荷激发空间静电场规律研究

从带电表面微元出发,通过求解泊松方程,得到带电介质平板表面邻近空间静电势的解析表达式,建立介质表面电位-介电常数模型,求得了带电介质平板表面电位、表面带电量和介质介电常数三者之间的关系式。结合典型的航天器表面介质材料带电案例,对此类圆盘结构介质平板带电问题进行了仿真分析,结果表明,在介质材料表面电位一定的情况下,表面电荷激发的空间静电势值随距离的增大而减小,并且距离介质表面越近,电势的空间变化率越大;在介质材料带电量相等的情况下,介质表面电位随着介质介电常数的增大而减小,并逐渐趋于一个稳定值,所以在一定范围内选择介电常数较大的介质材料可以降低介质的表面电位,减小介质间发生静电放电的几率。     

微纳聚合体卫星的对称式重构规划算法

为解决微纳聚合体卫星变构过程中,聚合体各部分之间的动力学耦合导致的卫星整体姿态翻转或紊乱,提出了一种对称式变构规划算法。首先建立了铰链约束下的漂浮基多刚体系统动力学模型,研究了重构过程中各运动模块对本体姿态的影响,提出当每两个运动模块位置与转动方向满足对称性条件时,两者对本体姿态的影响可在一定程度上相互抵消。基于上述理论,在A*算法中引入最优分配度量和对称性判定,设计了并行对称重构规划算法。仿真结果表明,该规划算法可实现重构过程中多模块并行、对称运动,重构过程总步数较少,运动模块对本体姿态的影响小。     

Modelling and observations of photospheric magnetic helicity

Mounting observational evidence of the emergence of twisted magnetic flux tubes through the photosphere have now been published. Such flux tubes, formed by the solar dynamo and transported through the convection zone, eventually reach the solar atmosphere. Their accumulation in the solar corona leads to flares and coronal mass ejections. Since reconnections occur during the evolution of the flux tubes, the concepts of twist and magnetic stress become inappropriate. Magnetic helicity, as a well preserved quantity, in particular in plasma with high magnetic Reynolds number, is a more suitable physical quantity to use, even if reconnection is involved.     

小型磁偏转质谱计性能实验研究

自主研发了小型磁偏转质谱计,并对其质量范围、分辨本领、灵敏度和最小可检分压力四个主要性能指标进行了实验测试和比对。结果表明,该质谱计的质量范围为（1~143）amu,相对N₂的分辨本领为1400,灵敏度为4.2×10^-5 A/Pa,最小可检分压力为9.5×10^-7 Pa。该测试和比对结果为磁偏转质谱计进一步的优化设计和性能提高奠定了重要基础。     

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

The geomagnetic solar flare effect identified by SIIG as an indicator of a solar flare observed by GOES satellites

This paper studies the efficiency of geomagnetic solar flare effects (gsfe) in X solar flare detection; so during the period 1999–2007 a comparison between solar flare (sf) observed by satellites of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) programme and gsfe published by the Service International des Indices Geomagnetiques (SIIG) is made.     

新电位移边界条件下的压电介质断裂问题

应用边界元法,并结合一种特殊的复变函数基本解,研究了压电介质的断裂问题。由于该基本解完全遵循本构方程没有对电位移边界作假设,所以结论同非穿透性裂纹假设的结果有较大差异。通过计算表明,外加力载荷不但会引起裂纹尖端应力奇异性,也会引起电场奇异性,同样,外加电压也会引起裂纹尖端应力奇异性。     

气体自发光在高超声速流场显示中的应用

提出了利用高焓气体自发光作为高超声速流场显示的方法,介绍了在使用高焓运行的激波风洞中,对二维模型的高超声速绕流流场使用此种方法的初步结果,可观察到二维棱形柱的尾流和马赫波的相交。结果表明此种方法不需外加光源,对于结构限制无法设置透明部件的模型,无疑是简单可行的。