NND格式的推广及在粘流计算中的应用

本文把ＮＮＤ格式推广到了特征变量，守恒变量和原始变量形式。通过引入通量差分分裂方法，由守恒变量形式的ＮＮＤ格式得到了Ｒｏｅ的近拟Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ解法，并讨论了限制器的作用。在隐式ＮＮＤ格式中引入了一种分解算法，提高了计算效率。本文的数值计算表明，ＮＮＤ格式对复杂波系干扰，边界层分离与再附等流动现象均有较高的分辨率。     

Alfvén wave heating

This review discusses Alfvén wave heating in non-uniform plasmas as a possible means for explaining the heating of the solar corona. It focusses on recent analytical results that enable us to understand the basic physics of Alfvén wave heating and help us with the interpretation of results of numerical simulations. First we consider the singular wave solutions that are found in linear ideal MHD at the resonant magnetic surface where the frequency of the wave equals the local Alfvén frequency. Next, we use linear resistive MHD for describing the waves in the dissipative region and explain how dissipation modifies the singular solutions found in linear ideal MHD.     

脉冲等离子体推力器推进剂烧蚀传热计算

运用磁流体动力学的方法,建立脉冲等离子体推力器工作过程模型,展开三维仿真研究,对推进剂的烧蚀传热过程进行分析。通过该模型计算得到的推进剂烧蚀质量和元冲量能够反映出实验结果的大体趋势,同时针对不同电容以及两种不同推力室构型的情况进行了评估。结果显示,推进剂的温度变化波形反映着放电波形的变化波形,影响着推力室等离子体的流动,良好的推进剂表面温度分布更有助于推进剂的喷射过程。     

Modelling of Solar Wind, CME Initiation and CME Propagation

Simulations of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) evolving in the interplanetary (IP) space from the Sun up to 1 AU are performed in the framework of ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) by the means of a finite-volume, explicit solver. The aim is to quantify the effect of the background solar wind and of the CME initiation parameters, such as the initial magnetic polarity, on the evolution and on the geo-effectiveness of CMEs. First, three different solar wind models are reconstructed using the same numerical grid and the same numerical scheme. Then, different CME initiation models are considered: Magnetic foot point shearing and magnetic flux emergence. For the fast CME evolution studies, a very simple CME model is considered: A high-density and high-pressure magnetized plasma blob is superposed on a background steady state solar wind model with an initial velocity and launch direction. The simulations show that the initial magnetic polarity substantially affects the IP evolution of the CMEs influencing the propagation velocity, the shape, the trajectory (and thus, the geo-effectiveness).     

密排六方钛合金宏观织构的超声分析方法

快速无损伤的测量正交宏观对称的六方晶系多晶体材料织构特征,在材料学方面成了亟待解决的难题。通过建立晶粒取向分布函数、多晶材料等效弹性常数和超声波在材料近表面的传播特征三者的关系,来确定晶粒取向分布函数的五个织构系数W₂₀₀,W₂₂₀,W₄₀₀,W₄₂₀,W₄₄₀,构建极图并分析材料的宏观织构特征。其中,采用的两种波型分别是:小角度临界值纵波和瑞利波,而超声波传播特征主要以研究相速度在材料主平面上随传播角度的变化为主。对圆饼状TA19钛合金锻件进行了测量分析,结果显示:单一方向的声速C扫图可以反映出TA19钛合金锻件各位置的织构差异;圆饼状TA19钛合金锻件在以圆心为中心的不同半径的圆周处有着不同的织构特征;五个织构系数分别反映出圆饼状TA19钛合金锻件不同位置处的织构差异,尤其W₂₂₀,W₄₂₀,W₄₄₀三位织构系数差异更为明显。     

1980年中层大气温度波空间特征的初步分析

利用1980年Nimbus-7卫星网络点资料(温度场)对中层大气行星波的空间结构进行诊断和分析后发现,行星波扰动主要集中于冬半球,夏半球及赤道地区上空的扰动则相对较弱,但也不可忽视.冬半球行星波扰动中的瞬变波部分可以跨过赤道向夏半球传播,且传播主要集中于20kin和70km两个高度层附近.波数1冬季以准定常行里波为主,夏季瞬变行星波与准定常行星波波幅相当.行星波扰动的波幅从冬到夏的衰减主要表现在波数1和波数2上,波数3变化不大.      

局部涂敷RAM复杂目标的电磁散射特性计算

给出了平行和垂直极化平面波投射到物体时散射场的通用表达式,阐述了确定目标主要回波源位置的方法,提出选取吸波材料涂敷区域的有效方法,同时分析了局部涂敷吸波材料(RAM)的复杂目标电磁散射特性的计算,最后给出计算结果,并经验证.这种方法提高了复杂目标雷达散射截面计算的精度,适用于工程应用.     

Improving accuracy of damage quantification based on two-level consistency control of PZT layers

Structural health monitoring-based quantitative damage diagnosis technique plays a key role in real-time condition monitoring. Among the current research, piezoelectric (PZT) sensor and Guided Wave (GW) based damage quantification methods are promising, which normally establish a calibration model between GW feature and damage degree by experiments on batch specimens, and then conduct the calibration model on the monitored specimen. However, the accuracy of PZT and GW based damage quantification is affected by dispersion introduced by sensor network performance, structural material, and damage propagation among the adopted batch specimens. For improving the accuracy of damage quantification, this paper adopts PZT layer as sensor network and creatively implements theoretical and experimental research on batch PZT layers consistency control. On one hand, a two-level consistency control method based on multidimensional features-Euclidean distance is proposed to ensure the performance consistency of PZT layers placed on different specimens. On the other hand, experimental research on typical aircraft lug structures is also carried out to evaluate the requirement on performance consistency of PZT layers when performing quantitative damage diagnosis, and further verify the proposed two-level consistency control method. Experimental results show that the accuracy of damage quantification raises by 38% when the dispersion of different PZT layers is controlled within 5%.     

直立墙前能谱与反射系数计算的谱分析法

 通过波谱分析方法研究了堤前能谱和反射系数的各自分布规律,分析了它们的相互关系,如不考虑反射系数的沿程变动因素,则堤前能谱的实验值与计算值将有较大差异.由于堤前能谱与入射波能谱均可测,因此,可由堤前能谱表达式得到反射系数表达式,并依据该式计算出反射系数在各点处的值.采用青岛海洋大学谱对反射系数进行计算,计算结果与已采用JONSWAP谱的反射系数结果一致.     

近壁区理论耗散率模型的改进

提出了在边界层的近壁区,采用共振三波的理论模型描述湍流边界层相干结构,由此解决了对称三维波理论模型不能处理三阶相关量的问题,根据新的理论模型对ε方程逐项进行计算和分析.与原理论模型计算结果相比,本文理论结果与直接数值模拟(DNS)符合更好.