一种改进的MUSCL格式

给出了一种改进的二阶精度的ＭＵＳＣＬ格式，并用来求解Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程，改进后的ＭＵＳＣＬ格式在线化插值步中，用Ｖａｎ Ｌｅｅｒ的插值斜率对特片变量进行插值，并对与熵波、剪切波对应的特片变量使用了小耗散的插值斜率，在迎风步采用Ｒｏｅ的近似黎曼解求得迎风通量。比较一维和二维的计算结果均可以看出，改进后的ＭＵＳＣＬ格式在消除数值振荡的同时，明显提高了流场间断的分辨率。     

环形射流喷口位置对激波聚焦起爆的影响分析

为了研究环形射流喷口位置对激波聚焦起爆爆震的影响,以氢气和空气混合物为例,对不同环形射流喷口位置条件下的激波聚焦起爆过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明,随着喷口距凹壁面距离L增大,直接聚焦起爆和凹壁面反射起爆所需的临界入射压力逐渐增大,相应的聚焦时刻会滞后,形成焦点的位置距凹壁面越远。     

高超声速风洞多体干扰与分离试验技术

在FL-31风洞中进行了某高超声速飞行器的多体干扰与分离试验技术研究,成功建立了多体干扰与分离试验技术。试验模型是某典型构型的可重复使用航天飞行器,由助推器以及再入体两部分组成。利用风洞上下投放机构实现两模型间的相对运动,采用两台天平对模型的气动力进行测量,同时利用纹影仪记录模型分离过程中的激波干扰情况。结果表明：试验系统设计合理,能准确模拟物体间分离过程,并能精确测量多体干扰的气动力特性,激波干扰清晰可见。     

Hydrodynamic instabilities and transverse waves in propagation mechanism of gaseous detonations

The present study examines the role of transverse waves and hydrodynamic instabilities mainly, Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) and Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) in detonation structure using two-dimensional high-resolution numerical simulations of Euler equations. To compare the numerical results with those of experiments, Navier–Stokes simulations are also performed by utilizing the effect of diffusion in highly irregular detonations. Results for both moderate and low activation energy mixtures reveal that upon collision of two triple points a pair of forward and backward facing jets is formed. As the jets spread, they undergo Richtmyer–Meshkov instability. The drastic growth of the forward jet found to have profound role in re-acceleration of the detonation wave at the end of a detonation cell cycle. For irregular detonations, the transverse waves found to have substantial role in propagation mechanism of such detonations. In regular detonations, the lead shock ignites all the gases passing through it, hence, the transverse waves and hydrodynamic instabilities do not play crucial role in propagation mechanism of such regular detonations. In comparison with previous numerical simulations present simulation using single-step kinetics shows a distinct keystone-shaped region at the end of the detonation cell.     

Longitudinal distribution of thermospheric densities and ionization rates in the upper atmosphere of Mars at mid-latitude using MGS ACC data

The Accelerometer Experiment (ACC) onboard Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) measured 1600 density profiles in the upper atmosphere of Mars during aerobraking. These measurements reveal large-scale and small-scale structure in the thermosphere of Mars. Here, the measurements of mass density for 115 orbits (#P0670–P0789) from November 1 to 30, 1998, under spring equinox and medium solar activity conditions (average F_10.7 ∼ 137) during phase 2 of the aerobraking in the thermosphere of Mars at different altitudes and longitudes are presented for northern mid-latitude (17–42°N) in the dayside atmosphere using ACC onboard MGS. From these mass densities, the neutral densities of different gases are derived from their mixing ratios. Using these neutral densities, the longitudinal distribution of photoionization rates and photoelectron impact ionization rates are calculated at wavelength range 1–102.57 nm due to EUV and soft X-ray radiation under photochemical controlled region using Analytical Yield Spectrum approach (AYS). These conditions are appropriate for MGS Phase 2 aerobraking period from which the accelerometer data is used. Under the photochemical equilibrium condition, the electron density near the peak varies as the square root of the total peak ionization rate. Using this fact, an attempt is being made to estimate the mean primary and secondary peak electron density by averaging the longitudinal variations of total peak ionization rates in the northern mid-latitude (17–42°N) ionosphere of Mars, as there is no radio science measurement at this latitude region by MGS.     

Whistler waves in plasmas with time-varying magnetic field: Laboratory investigation

Modulation of whistler waves in a plasma with time-dependant magnetic field perturbations was investigated experimentally. The experiments were performed on large “Krot” device, which was specially designed to study space plasma physics phenomena. It is shown that magnetic field variations on the wave propagation path can lead to splitting of initially continuous whistler wave into the sequence of bursts, whose repetition rate corresponds to magnetic field perturbation period. The frequency inside each burst is changing from its front edge to the back edge. Relative shift of the wave frequency can be as large as the relative magnetic disturbance. Distortion of whistler wave frequency spectrum after its passing through magnetically disturbed areas can be used as a diagnostics for low-frequency magnetic field variations. The applicability of our laboratory results to space plasma is discussed.     

Superlow-Frequency MHD-Eigenoscillations With a Discrete Spectrum in Parabolic Model of Magnetosphere

A new concept of the global magnetospheric resonator is suggested for fast magnetosonic waves in which the role of the resonator is played by the near part of the plasma sheet. It is shown that the magnetosonic wave is confined in this region of the magnetosphere throughout its boundaries. The representative value of the resonator's eigenfrequency estimated at f ≈ 1 mHz is in good agreement with observational data on ultraThe theory explains the ground-based localization of the oscillations observed in the midnight-morning sector of the high-latitude magnetosphere.      

正弦波型高频动态压力光学校准系统及其应用

动态压力是气动部件表面的关键气动参数。光学压力敏感涂料（PSP）测量技术在测量气动部件表面动态压力方面具有全域测量、不影响流场自身的优势，而光学压力敏感涂料的动态响应特性则是进行动态压力测量的决定性因素。基于声学驻波管原理，自主设计并组建了正弦波型高频动态压力光学校准系统，主要包含有驻波管型校准舱、声源、激光源、高频压力传感器、光电倍增管以及测控系统。对动态压力光学校准系统及某新型快响压敏涂料的实验结果表明，所组建的动态压力校准系统可产生最短响应时间12.5 μs、最大压力幅值为4.37 kPa的正弦型动态压力，其有效动态频响范围为0.4~20.0 kHz（50 μs~2.5 ms），不确定度小于0.004 9%；校准系统合理的光路布局可进行快响压敏涂料动态特性的校准，所测涂料可用于动态频响不高于9.1 kHz（响应时间为109.9 μs）的非定常流场的压力测量。     

内置开孔隔墙的高速铁路隧道压力波数值模拟方法

基于一维可压缩非定常不等熵流动模型、薄壁孔口出流模型以及广义黎曼变量特征线法,发展了单列车通过内置开孔隔墙隧道的压力波数值分析方法.与国外试验结果比较验证本文建立的计算方法的正确合理性基础上,通过对不同开孔率的计算得出采用过大的开孔率将导致一维流动模型计算时出现较大的数值振荡,分析了计算结果震荡可能的—维流动模型适用性的原因.同时,通过对隔墙中开孔和不开孔的模拟计算,得出隔墙开孔可较大幅度的减缓压力波,为今后研究和隧道内设置开孔隔墙提供了有益的启示.     

消除粘性项高阶离散数值振荡的半结点-结点交错方法

通常的粘性项处理方法是连续两次采用结点型中心差分格式求得.但是,通过两次采用高阶结点型中心格式求得的粘性项易在流场中的"间断"附近产生数值振荡.本文采用多种格式,通过求解一维Burgers方程来充分展示了这种振荡现象.为了消除这种数值振荡,一种半结点型的高阶紧致格式被用来求解粘性项.Fourier频谱分析表明,这种格式具有非常优越的保频谱性能.一维和二维的数值计算结果表明,通过"半结点-结点"交错采用这种半结点型格式的方法可以非常有效地避免粘性项高阶离散可能导致的数值振荡.