材料变形过程的虚拟仿真技术

运用虚拟现实(Virtualreality,VR)技术进行材料仿真,是目前材料模拟设计学科中一个备受关注的新领域。本文应用计算机模拟技术,结合VRML,3DSMAX和VB,建立了拉伸夹头和游标卡尺的三维几何模型以及材料的拉伸仿真;实现了材料拉伸过程中实时动态调试与控制的各种功能。在几何建模、物理建模、三维虚拟场景的组装与仿真的实时操作控制,以及系统总体设计等方面,为VR技术在材料科学与工程领域的应用作了有益的探索。     

双级圆柱齿轮减速器虚拟样机建造研究

以虚拟样机理论为基础,以某型号双级圆柱齿轮减速器为分析对象,整合三维造型软件、系统分析软件和有限元分析软件,形成了齿轮减速器综合开发平台。该平台中,基于优化设计的齿轮自动建模方法具有通用性、实用性和独创性,并且可以与CAM/CAPP模块进行整合;优化设计数学模型适用于多种线形齿轮,具有通用性;样机的仿真结果与实际测量数据相吻合率达98%。该平台除了可以完成设计和系统分析外,还可以仿真实际使用环境,完成运动学、动力学和有限元分析,有实际的工程意义。     

飞机发动机叶片缺陷的差激励涡流传感器检测

针对某型号飞机发动机涡轮叶片上预制的微裂纹缺陷进行了检测研究.基于涡流检测技术设计并研制了一种尺寸小、灵敏度高的差激励探头,应用有限元分析软件开展了叶片微裂纹缺陷仿真分析.为了实现叶片的自动高效检测,设计并采用数控多自由度扫查台来控制采集过程,实现了对叶片表面裂纹缺陷的快速扫查检测.采集信号经过信号调理电路,A/D转换后输入计算机,完成信号的保存、处理和输出.通过对比实验结果与仿真结果发现,研制的差激励式涡流传感器可以有效地实现对叶片类零件表面微裂纹位置的判定,对涡轮叶片类零件微缺陷早期诊断评估具有一定的现实和借鉴意义.      

基于模型降阶的随机最优输出反馈阵设计

本文研究了线性离散随机系统的模型降阶和最优输出反馈矩阵的设计问题。本文提出的设计方法不需要对原系统进行Anderson-Moore的迭代计算,直接利用求得的降阶模型解出近似的最优输出反馈阵。文中举例说明了设计方法的应用并进行了计算机仿真,仿真结果是令人满意的。     

A comparative and numerical study of effects of gravity waves in small miss-distance and miss-time GPS radio occultation temperature profiles

The Global Positioning System (GPS) Radio Occultation (RO) technique has global coverage and is capable of generating high vertical resolution temperature profiles of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere with sub-Kelvin accuracy and long-term stability, regardless of weather conditions. In this work, we take advantage of the anomalously high density of occultation events at the eastern side of the highest Andes Mountains during the initial mission months of COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate). This region is well-known for its high wave activity. We choose to study two pairs of GPS RO, both containing two occultations that occurred close in time and space. One pair shows significant differences between both temperature profiles. Numerical simulations with a mesoscale model were performed, in order to understand this discrepancy. It is attributed to the presence of a horizontal inhomogeneous structure caused by gravity waves.     

Survival and death of the haloarchaeon Natronorubrum strain HG-1 in a simulated martian environment

Halophilic archaea are of interest to astrobiology due to their survival capabilities in desiccated and high salt environments. The detection of remnants of salty pools on Mars stimulated investigations into the response of haloarchaea to martian conditions. Natronorubrum sp. strain HG-1 is an extremely halophilic archaeon with unusual metabolic pathways, growing on acetate and stimulated by tetrathionate. We exposed Natronorubrum strain HG-1 to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, similar to levels currently prevalent on Mars. In addition, the effects of low temperature (4, −20, and −80 °C), desiccation, and exposure to a Mars soil analogue from the Atacama desert on the viability of Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cultures were investigated. The results show that Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cannot survive for more than several hours when exposed to UV radiation equivalent to that at the martian equator. Even when protected from UV radiation, viability is impaired by a combination of desiccation and low temperature. Desiccating Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cells when mixed with a Mars soil analogue impaired growth of the culture to below the detection limit. Overall, we conclude that Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cannot survive the environment currently present on Mars. Since other halophilic microorganisms were reported to survive simulated martian conditions, our results imply that survival capabilities are not necessarily shared between phylogenetically related species.     

分布式卫星系统仿真平台研究现状与技术分析

支持分布式卫星系统(DSS)开发和实验的仿真平台是DSS技术发展的关键技术之一,本文对DSS仿真平台现状和关键技术进行了分析。首先对比分析了现有3种典型的仿真平台,认为为追求尽可能高的逼真度,实时分布式仿真成为必然。继而从分布式计算角度分析了实时分布式仿真面临的分布性、实时性、仿真部件互操作性和可重用性的问题,而中间件技术可以很好地解决这些问题。最后讨论了中间件实现模式,并分析了中间件在DSS仿真中3种可能的应用方式。     

轴对称结构RBCC发动机超燃模态试验和数值模拟

为研究轴对称结构RBCC发动机超燃模态下的点火和燃烧性能,进行了地面直连试验。采用中心支板火箭与小支板组喷注相结合的方式作为点火和火焰稳定方式,并对燃料喷注方案进行了研究。试验与数值模拟结果表明,采用这种点火方式能实现轴对称结构RBCC发动机的可靠点火和稳定燃烧。二次燃料采取多级喷注的方式能充分利用流道中的氧气,实现较充分的燃烧,但应控制燃料喷注比例。双支板组的加入,能促进燃料与中心空气流的充分掺混,提升燃烧效率,获得较优的燃烧性能。     

I-DEAS软件在单相流体回路辐射器热分析中的应用

以神舟飞船单相流体回路辐射器为例,介绍了采用I-DEAS软件进行辐射器热分析研究的方法,包括建模、划分网格、计算及后处理等,并将仿真分析结果与热试验结果进行了对比。结果表明：采用I-DEAS软件对单相流体回路辐射器热分析具有很好的实用性和计算精度,显著降低了辐射器热分析的难度,并在一定程度上简化了前期设计中热试验验证的需求。