粉末高温合金FGH96惯性摩擦焊接头室温CTOD测试与分析

FGH96是采用损伤容限设计思想研制的新型粉末高温合金,是满足高推比、高燃效发动机使用要求的涡轮盘、环形件和其他热端部件的理想材料。FGH96惯性摩擦焊接头的CTOD值小于母材,其断口的韧窝小于母材。母材和接头断裂路径均为穿晶断裂。     

Involvement of nitric oxide in the mechanism of biochemical alterations induced by simulated microgravity in Microcystis aeruginosa

Simulated microgravity (SMG) can inhibit proliferation and enhance microcystin production of Microcystis aeruginosa. We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in regulating the SMG induced changes of proliferation, photochemical system II photochemical activity, pigment, soluble protein and microcystin production in M. aeruginosa. M. aeruginosa was exposed to 0.1 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) or 0.02 mM 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO, NO scavenger) alone or in combination with SMG for 48 h. SMG and SNP inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa while c-PTIO had no effect on cell number. As to yield, the negative effect of SMG was augmented by SNP and suppressed by c-PTIO. The intracellular concentrations of chlorophyll a, carotenoid, phycocyanin, soluble protein and microcystin were increased by SMG after 48 h. The effects of SMG on these metabolic processes could be enhanced by SNP and be partly eliminated by c-PTIO. Moreover, SNP and c-PTIO only functioned in these biochemical processes under SMG, unlike in the regulation of cell proliferation and yield. These results showed that the effects of SMG could be enhanced by adding exogenous NO and be mitigated by scavenging endogenous NO, revealing the involvement of NO in the changes in biochemistry processes induced by SMG in M. aeruginosa.     

The role of ultraviolet imaging in studies of resolved and unresolved young stellar populations. M31 and M33

We discuss the relevance of UV data in the detection and characterization of hot massive stars and young stellar populations in galaxies. We show results from recent extensive surveys in M31 and M33 with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) multi-wavelength data including UV filters, which imaged several regions at a linear resolution (projected) of less than half a pc in these galaxies, and from GALEX far-UV and near-UV wide-field, low-resolution imaging of the entire galaxies. Both datasets allow us to study the hierarchical structure of star formation: the youngest stellar groups are the most compact, and are often arranged within broader, sparser structures. The derived recent star-formation rates are rather similar for the two galaxies, when scaled for the respective areas. We show how uncertainties in metallicity and type of selective extinction for the internal reddening may affect the results, and how an appropriate complement of UV filters could reduce such uncertainties, and significantly alleviate some parameter degeneracies.     

一种新型双轴半椭圆弹性铰链的设计

运用参数化设计软件Pro/M,分析比较了半椭圆弹性铰链和其他类型弹性铰链的性能特征。同时提出了一种双轴半椭圆弹性铰链,在其他参数保持不变且定绞长的条件下,弹性变形随着绞间距的增加(椭圆长半轴相应减少,其长短轴之比减小)而增加,由此引起的应力也增加。     

夹杂物在FGH95中的损伤力学行为研究

通过损伤力学的研究方法模拟平面拉伸应力作用下夹杂物及周围基体中的应力场分布情况,并通过原位拉伸试验对模拟结果进行验证。结果表明,在夹杂为圆形的情况下,当基体处于弹性状态时,极点处将有一定的拉应力集中,裂纹将从该处萌生;当基体处于弹塑性状态时,应力集中位置将转移到赤道面处,裂纹在该处向基体中扩展。在夹杂为方形的情况下,裂纹在极点处萌生,并在尖角应力集中处向基体中扩展。模拟结果与试验结果的对比说明,在模拟过程中将基体分为弹性和弹塑性两个阶段是可行的。     

Effect of Processing and Composition on the Structure and Properties of P/M EP741NP Type Alloys

A study was carried out on the effects of processing and composition on the structure and properties of P/M EP741NP type alloys. The objectives of this study were to understand the role of Hf in a P/M superalloy containing high niobium used in aircraft engines and to determine the effects of extrusion and forging the powders as contrasted to HIPing (hot isostatic pressing) only. Two alloys of the P/M EP741NP composition were atomized: one alloy contained 0.26%Hf and the other was Hf free. After the as-atomized powders from both alloys were characterized, the powders were extruded into billets, forged and heat treated. After each process, the microstructures were characterized by SEM and the phases were extracted and identified by X-ray diffraction. The presence of Hf in the residues was probed by EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy). The alloys were given the published Russian heat treatment as well as a more conventional heat treatment more typical of western powder alloys. Tensile, creep and stress rupture mechanical property tests were run. Results of the structural behavior of the alloys after each processing step will be presented and discussed. The role of the Hf on the mechanical proper- ties will be discussed.     

双性能粉末高温合金涡轮盘的研究进展

粉末高温合金由于在高温条件下表现出一系列优越的性能而成为制造高推重比航空发动机涡轮盘等热端部件的首选材料,特别是近年来对具有双晶粒组织的双性能涡轮盘不断深入的研究,使粉末高温合金应用前景更加乐观.本文论述国内外双性能粉末高温合金涡轮盘的研究进展,重点分析在制备中面临的问题,并对国内研制双性能涡轮盘提出建议.     

基于数据深度加权的卫星轨道确定技术

将统计数据深度理论应用到抗差估计中,用数据深度作为衡量残差在整个样本集中地位的统计量.提出了基于数据深度加权的抗差估计算法.考虑到天基观测结构的复杂性,设计了天基测控的误差传播因子,并构造了模型结构权对定轨模型结构进行加权.在此基础上构造了基于数据深度加权和模型结构加权的M估计算法,证明了该算法的高崩溃点特性.设计了天基测控模式下的轨道确定仿真试验,试验结果表明该估计方法能有效抑制观测粗差和模型结构误差的影响,并且能显著提高定轨算法的鲁棒性.     

氧化时间对7A55铝合金微弧氧化膜的影响

采用恒流微弧氧化法在碱性硅酸盐-磷酸盐体系电解液中对7A55铝合金进行了微弧氧化处理,研究了氧化时间对微弧氧化膜表面形貌、厚度和相组成的影响.研究结果表明,在恒定的电参数(电流密度为6A/dm2,占空比均为30%,频率为1000Hz)条件下,随着氧化时间的延长,阳极电压逐渐增大,氧化膜表面微孔孔径逐渐增大,微孔数量逐渐减少,膜层厚度随氧化时间近似呈线性增加;膜层主要由γ-Al2O3相组成.     

多区聚焦技术在粉末高温合金微缺陷检测中的应用

针对大厚度粉末高温合金材料中微缺陷的检测难题,采用多区聚焦检测技术,对粉末高温合金微缺陷试样进行了检测灵敏度、信噪比和C扫描成像试验,并与普通单一探头聚焦检测结果进行比较.试验结果表明,多区聚焦技术检测灵敏度高,信噪比好,对于厚度75mm粉末高温合金材料中的微缺陷具有较好的检测效果.