涡扇发动机变参数鲁棒H_∞滤波器设计

针对存在建模误差及测量噪声干扰条件下的涡扇发动机性能参数估计问题,标准卡尔曼滤波及其改进算法滤波估计误差收敛速度慢,滤波估计精度低,对不确定测量噪声及建模误差较为敏感,为此本文提出了一种变参数鲁棒H_∞滤波器设计方法。该方法采用仿射参数依赖Lyapunov函数设计满足H_∞性能指标要求的鲁棒滤波器,通过引入凸多胞技术,将参数依赖线性矩阵不等式(Linear Matrix Inequality,LMI)中变参数Lyapunov矩阵与系统系数矩阵之间耦合乘积导致的非凸优化问题,转化为常规LMI约束下的凸优化问题进行求解,降低了线性变参数(Linear Parameter Varying,LPV)鲁棒滤波器设计的保守性,得到了全局解。针对涡扇发动机的仿真结果表明:与扩展卡尔曼滤波器对比,采用该方法设计的滤波器具有较快的动态跟踪速度和较高的滤波精度,ΔFn的稳态估计误差不大于0.1%,ΔFn的相对估计误差不大于2.5%,同时对建模误差和测量噪声干扰具有较强的抑制能力。     

低地轨道小卫星星座优化问题研究

以低地轨道小卫星星座为研究对象，着重从星座覆盖性能考虑出发，详细阐述了局部覆盖小卫星星座优化设计的一般方法与思路。针对某一类型任务对两轨道面和三轨道面星座进行了优化设计，阐述了在一定约束条件下星座优化设计的关键因素以及不同轨道面数目下星座优化的特点，并进行了仿真分析。结果表明提供的优化模型对小卫星星座设计具有理论意义和实用价值。     

A new approach to on-board stationkeeping of GEO-satellites

This paper proposes a new autonomous stationkeeping system suitable for geostationary satellite operation and presents the results of the computer simulations conducted to verify the proposed system. The proposed on-board stationkeeping system receives pseudo-range signal from the ground equipments located at two different positions with a long baseline, determines the orbit error in real-time, and generates the orbit control command. To minimize the complexity of the on-board stationkeeping logic and to improve reliability, a simple orbit controller has been designed, which generates a series of control signal making the orbit roughly follow the predetermined reference range data. The reference range data are assumed to be generated through a ground based computer simulation and embedded or uploaded with time tag. Finally, the performance of the proposed system has been verified through computer simulations.     

电推进在静止轨道空间碎片减缓中的应用

研究了电推进在静止轨道空间碎片减缓中应用的可行性和效果。通过分析电推进中离子推进的技术特点、发展和应用,阐明了用电推进将静止轨道卫星在寿命末期移高到“垃圾轨道”是可行的。提出了电推进采用沿飞行方向的常值推力,以多次双脉冲变轨方式工作的方案,并通过仿真计算,得出了该方案中推力大小、工作时间、特征速度、燃料消耗量等参数的确定方法和量化性指标,验证了电推进应用在空间碎片减缓中的作用和效果。探讨了电推进以脉冲方式工作的工程实现方案．     

单站观测卫星初轨计算中的初值方法

研究了用单个观测站粗略确定低轨卫星轨道的问题, 建立了在时间轴上拓展的测量方程组, 并着重讨论了其中的初值问题; 给出了两种基于线性变换的初值方法, 并对其性能做了比较。实验结果证明： 这些方法能给出一个确定的、实用的初值, 大大减少了初轨计算的计算量, 并使得算法收敛更加有保障, 在工程实用方面比传统的猜测方法具有较大优势。     

无人机紧密编队队形构成控制

针对无人机编队飞行问题,通过借鉴Agent体系结构确定无人机编队的控制结构.建立了以航迹坐标系为参考坐标系的长机与僚机的相对运动模型,根据僚机距离长机最优位置的误差,利用李亚普诺夫稳定性理论设计队形构成中僚机的控制律.最后通过建立的六自由度非线性飞行仿真平台进行仿真验证,结果表明所设计的控制律能稳定引导无人机完成编队的队形构成.     

Resonance transitions associated to weak capture in the restricted three-body problem

An interesting dynamics is studied in the restricted three-body problem where a particle abruptly transitions between resonance states, called a resonance hop. It occurs in a region about the secondary mass point which supports weak capture. This region, called a weak stability boundary, was recently proven to give rise to chaotic dynamics. Although it was numerically known that the resonance hop was associated with this boundary, this process was not well understood. In addition, the dynamical structure of the weak stability boundary has not been well understood. In this paper, we give a way to reveal the global structure of the weak stability boundary associated to resonance motions. This structure is shown to be surprisingly rich in resonant periodic motions interconnected by invariant manifolds. In this case, nearly all the motions are approximately resonant in nature where resonance hops can occur. The correlation dimension of orbits undergoing resonant motions, associated to the weak stability boundary, is also examined. The dynamics analyzed in the present paper is related to that studied by J. Marsden et al. under the perspective of Lyapunov orbits and the associated invariant manifolds. Applications are discussed.     

椭圆轨道卫星编队飞行的最优控制研究

研究了椭圆轨道卫星编队飞行的队形保持问题,设计了李雅普诺夫(Lyapunov)控制律,并用遗传算法对控制律进行了优化。为克服遗传算法局部寻优能力差的缺点,对遗传算法进行了改进,设计了自适应模拟退火遗传算法。仿真结果表明,采用Lyapunov方法进行队形保持能提高位置保持的精度,且在经过遗传算法优化后,所消耗的燃料基本与线性二次型(LQR)方法一致;同时,减少了计算时间,有利于星上计算机的实现。     

航天器姿态跟踪系统的非线性鲁棒自适应控制

研究有未知惯量矩阵和干扰力矩的刚体航天器姿态跟踪。对此类多输入多输出、不确定非线性系统,提出了一种非线性鲁棒自适应控制策略,用Lyapunov直接法分析了闭环系统稳定性。理论分析表明,该控制器不仅保证闭环系统一致最终有界稳定,航天器姿态跟踪误差收敛至系统平衡点的一个较小领域,而且使闭环系统对航天器惯量参数有自适应能力,对有界干扰力矩具鲁棒性。仿真结果表明：所设计的非线性鲁棒自适应控制器有效。     

某地球静止轨道卫星成像辐射计热控设计

对某地球静止轨道卫星成像辐射计的热控设计进行了研究。根据辐射计热特点,考虑一般温度、温度梯度和日温度变化等热控需求,给出了成像辐射计中光学基板等温化、阳光直射时扫描镜等光学部件散热,以及次镜支持材料选择等关键热控设计原则。用NEVADA、SINDNG软件对冬至、春秋分、夏至,以及阳光与卫星轨道面夹角α=-8.8°,8.8°的5种条件的初期和末期10个工况进行了仿真分析。结果表明：设计的热控方案可行,基本满足成像辐射计的使用要求。