两行根数的精度评估

两行根数是北美防空司令部基于一般摄动理论产生的用于预报地球轨道飞行器位置和速度的一组轨道根数,用于近地卫星时所采用的数学模型是SPG4,它已被著名软件STK选为进行轨道推算的可选方法之一。文章对它的精度进行了评估,并认为它有很大的应用价值。     

基于H∞ 控制的非线性末制导律设计

 针对三维目标拦截问题,提出一种新的具有强鲁棒性的非线性H_∞末制导律。基于三维弹目相对运动学的非线性关系,将目标机动作为系统扰动,建立了弹目相对运动的数学模型。同时,基于零化弹目视线角速率的思想,提出一种全局非线性H_∞稳定控制策略,得到了连续的非线性末制导律。该方法利用Lyapunov稳定性理论严格证明了制导系统的全局渐近稳定性,并且无需求解哈密尔顿-雅可比-艾萨克斯（HJI）偏微分方程,同时也无需控制弹目相对运动速度。数字仿真表明,和比例导引律相比,这种制导律对高速大机动目标具有很强的鲁棒性和适应性,并能获得良好的制导精度。     

月球重力场及低轨环月卫星轨道保持仿真分析

为了在满足精度要求的前提下节省月球重力场模型的计算时间,依据Kaula准则分析了目前国际上公认的最精确的两个重力场模型GLGM-2和LP165P,提出了在一定阶次截断重力场模型的问题.通过仿真不同阶次重力场模型作用下轨道高度为50 km的圆形极轨道环月卫星轨道特征的变化,验证了50 km以上高度卫星非球形摄动分析时可以将重力场模型截断至一定阶次的结论,并利用截断至70阶次的重力场模型仿真分析200 km圆轨道卫星一年内轨道下降程度.最后在仿真结果的基础上得到了200 km高度环月卫星需要每50天进行一次轨道保持控制的结论并完成一次轨道保持控制仿真.研究结论可以为我国低轨环月卫星轨道保持提供参考.     

轨道运动对高轨卫星成像的影响及补偿

针对三轴稳定静止轨道气象卫星图像运动补偿技术,分析了轨道运动误差源对有效载荷成像仪成像光轴的影响.基于轨道确定数据,采用空间成像矢量修正方法,对轨道运动引起的光轴偏离进行补偿.根据高分辨率成像对光轴高指向精度的指标要求,研究了轨道确定误差和有效载荷伺服控制系统误差对图像配准精度的影响关系,并指出了进一步提高图像配准精度的措施.仿真结果表明了补偿方法的可行性.     

Simulation software for the spiral trajectory of our Moon

At 4.56 Ga, the accretion of the slowly rotating Solar Nebula led to the formation of Sun and its Planets in the plane of disc of accretion. Moon was formed by accretion from a circumterrestrial disk of debris generated by the glancing angle impact of the young Earth by a Mars size planetary embryo at about 4.5 Ga at a distance of 15,000 km. The Moon since then has migrated to the present position of 384,400 km from the center of the Earth. In course of this outward migration it has slowed down the spin rate of Earth and caused the lengthening of diurnal day length from 5 h initially to 24 h presently. The basic mechanics of Earth–Moon System has been worked out and theoretical determination of lengthening of day curve is carried out. This theoretical lengthening of day curve is compared with the observed lengthening of day curve based on paleobotanical evidences, ancient tidalites and Australian Banded Iron Formation. There is a remarkable correspondence between the two curves except for intermittent deviations due to geographical and geophysical factors. Based on the theoretical curve of lengthening of day, an empirical formula for the lunar orbital radius expansion is determined. Based on this empirical formula, simulation software is developed that gives the correct evolution of the semi-major axis (a) of our Moon for any time span from the inception to the time chosen under study. For mathematical simplicity the system is considered to be a two body rotating system throughout its evolutionary history of 4.5 Gyrs. This simulation draws the Moon’s spiral trajectory from its inception to any subsequent epoch. The terminal epoch is an input to the simulation software to arrive at the spiral trajectory of the Moon from the inception to the given epoch. The basic mechanics of Earth–Moon System and this simulation can be generalized to lay the foundation of simulation software for any Planet–Satellite pair or any Sun-Planet pair in our Solar System or Star-Planet pair in any Extra-Solar System. The basic dynamics has been found to be valid for Star–Planet pair also. So this Simulation Methodology can as well be applied to study the migratory evolution of Gas Giants also.     

Global dynamics of high area-to-mass ratios GEO space debris by means of the MEGNO indicator

In this paper we provide an extensive analysis of the global dynamics of high-area-to-mass ratios geosynchronous (GEO) space debris, applying a recent technique developed by Cincotta and Simó [Cincotta, P.M., Simó, C.Simple tools to study global dynamics in non-axisymmetric galactic potentials–I. Astron. Astrophys. (147), 205–228, 2000.], Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO), which provides an efficient tool to investigate both regular and chaotic components of the phase space.     

基于混沌振子阵列的扩频信号捕获方法

在低信噪比下提出了结合混沌振子阵列及相干相关实现对扩频信号的捕获方法．针对混沌振子的数学模型,用混沌系统的相轨迹特性来分析对扩频信号的捕获过程,以Lyapunov指数（LE）作为实现捕获及提取载波多普勒频率的判断依据,再由跟踪环路完成对扩频码相位的跟踪．对DSSS／BPSK仿真结果表明,本方法可以实现扩频信号快速捕获,同时提高了捕获概率及检测灵敏度。     

椭圆轨道星座构型自稳定设计研究

椭圆轨道星座构型稳定性要求同时实现升交点赤经、近地点幅角和平近点角的稳定。通过初始偏差对椭圆轨道卫星的长期影响分析可知,轨道半长轴、倾角和偏心率的初始偏差对升交点赤经、近地点幅角和平近点角的长期摄动变化是线性的,因此通过主动偏置轨道半长轴、偏心率和倾角能够实现椭圆轨道星座构型的自稳定设计,从而提高其构型稳定性。对实例星座的设计结果表明,自稳定设计方法对提高椭圆轨道星座的构型稳定性是有效的。     

天地基联合多星定轨及精度分析

数据中继卫星和双星定位系统通常由2或3颗地球同步卫星和数颗近地卫星组成,这些系统所提供的“星-星”测量数据提出了多星同时定轨的需求。文章介绍了已知天基星星历定轨和未知天基星星历定轨的主要差别,建立了距离和观测量的测量模型,描述了多星同时定轨的技术难点,分析了整个系统的定轨精度。     

超低轨航天器气动特性快速预测的试验粒子Monte Carlo方法

超低轨(LEO)卫星气动特性的快速准确计算是对其进行轨道预测和控制的关键输入条件。基于真空技术领域中计算管道分子流率的试验粒子Monte Carlo(TPMC)方法,结合自由分子流理论,发展了一套快速准确预测低轨卫星气动特性的TPMC方法,给出了其模拟步骤及主要关键技术点,并采用该方法模拟了带电池翼超低轨卫星的气动特性和航天器典型构件之间的多次反射效应。结果表明:TPMC方法在计算超低轨航天器气动力、力矩时具有较高的可靠性和对工程复杂外形的适用性;该方法能够准确模拟自由分子流理论无法求解的多次反射问题,给出正确的气动力系数;该方法的计算速度比直接模拟Monte Carlo(DSMC)快3~4个量级,存储量要求也比后者低1~2个量级,是超低轨航天器气动特性快速准确预测的一个理想方法。