共轴式无人驾驶直升机飞行数据可视化系统的设计

分析了共轴式无人驾驶直升机飞行数据的特征,设计了与数据相对应的可视化图形元,实现了基于计算机硬件系统的飞行数据的可视化。结合飞行数据分析给出了本系统飞行距离的计算方法。该系统经过实际飞行验证取得可令人满意的成果。     

中国空间探测领域40年发展

中国空间科学学会成立的40年,是中国空间探测逐渐走进世界舞台的40年,空间探测极大推动了空间科学和相邻学科的发展,也影响到经济、军事和日常生活诸多方面.本文简要回顾了从空间探测专业委员会成立的1980年至今,中国空间探测领域的主要发展历程,包括探空火箭、高空气球、科学卫星、月球与行星探测、载人航天空间探测、遥感卫星地面...     

Air-LUSI: A robotic telescope design for lunar spectral measurements

This paper presents the mechanical design of a new robotic telescope that was designed and built to acquire lunar spectral measurements from the science pod of NASA's ER-2 aircraft while flying at an altitude of 70,000 feet (21.34 km). The robotic telescope used a double gimbal design that allowed for target tracking in azimuth and elevation. In addition to the challenging and restrictive geometry of the science pod, each component needed to be carefully selected to ensure that they could withstand the operating conditions at high altitude such as harsh temperatures extending as low as −54 °C and atmospheric pressure less than 1.05 psi (7.23 kPa). Due to the cold temperatures, low atmospheric pressure and the likely exposure to moisture, high strength industrial linear actuators were used to create an adjustable linkage system that controlled the pointing and tracking of the telescope. Although unconventional, this allowed for a robust design that outperformed the team's expectations by tracking the Moon for 40 min with an average tracking error under 0.05°. The results presented within this paper were acquired during a first set of engineering test flights, with further scientific missions to follow.     

高校教师科研工作量考核方法研究

我国高等院校的教师都承担着教学和科研双重任务。由于高校教师从事的科研工作，在时间上是弹性的，科研任务的来源和类型是多样的，再加上科研成果的滞后性等特点，使教师科研工作量的考核成为高校考核工作中的一个难点。本文采用定性和定量相结合的方法建立了一套考核高校教师科研工作量的指标体系。经反复实践，提出了比较科学、简单、可操作性强的考核方法。经试用证明，它基本符合高校教师科研工作的特点，是一种行之有效的考核方法。     

Information space of sensor networks: Lagrangian,energy-momentum tensor,and applications

It is a challenge to investigate the interrelationship between the geometric structure and performance of sensor networks due to the increasingly complex and diverse architecture of them. This paper presents two new formulations for the information space of sensor networks, including Lagrangian and energy–momentum tensor, which are expected to integrate sensor networks target tracking and performance evaluation from a unified perspective. The proposed method presents two geometric objects to represent the dynamic state and manifold structure of the information space of sensor networks. Based on that, the authors conduct the property analysis and target tracking of sensor networks. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to investigate and analyze the information energy–momentum tensor of sensor networks and evaluate the performance of sensor networks in the context of target tracking. Simulations and examples confirm the competitive performance of the proposed method.     

Design and experimental performance verification of a thermal property test-bed for lunar drilling exploration

Chinese Chang'e lunar exploration project aims to collect and return subsurface lunar soil samples at a minimum penetration depth of 2 m in 2017. However, in contrast to those on the Earth, automated drilling and sampling missions on the Moon raise the risk of burning bits.Test-beds are required for testing the thermal properties of drill tools in a lunar environment. In this paper, a novel temperature measuring method based on thermocouples and a slip ring was proposed. Furthermore, a data acquisition system for a drilling process was designed. A vacuous,cryogenic, and anhydrous soil environment simulating the lunar surface was established. A drilling test-bed that can reach a depth of 2.2 m was developed. A control strategy based on online monitoring signals was proposed to improve the drilling performance. Vacuum and non-vacuum experiments were performed to test the temperature rising effect on drill tools. When compared with the non-vacuum experiment, the vacuum temperature rise resulted in a 12 °C increase. These experimental results provide significant support for Chinese lunar exploration missions.     

月球探测器软着陆最优末制导策略

在制动火箭推力幅值满足连续可变的前提下,研究了月球探测器软着陆末端的垂直下落过程中的控制问题。基于线性系统跟踪控制理论,利用线性系统中的模型参考跟踪控制的方法设计了一种对指定轨迹进行跟踪的制动方案。同时为了满足耗燃最优性和安全性,根据最优化理论,对控制律中的参数进行优化,最终确定系统的控制律。仿真结果表明该设计方法是简单、有效的。     

空间科学实验机器人辅助遥操作系统

建立了一个面向空间舱内晶体生长科学实验的地面模拟机器人遥操作系统。该系统通过基于虚拟现实的预测仿真来克服通讯时延的影响，并通过仿真图形和实际视频图像的叠加来对虚似仿真环境进行校准，以提高预测仿真的保真性。操作员利用空间鼠标等人机交互工具实时控制仿真机器人系统的运动，通过遥控与自主相结合的方式，并借助全局和局部视觉信息，完成了在空间晶体生长科学实验中更换晶体炉料棒的作业任务。     

中国返回式卫星的搭载任务—空间材料科学试验

１９８７年以来，为充分利用中国返回式卫星的剩余载荷能力，有计划地以搭载形式进行了一系列空间科学和技术试验，取得了较好的结果。文章简要地介绍在空间材料科学试验方面取得的成果。     

Some qualitative manifestations of the physical libration of the Moon by observing stars from the lunar surface

Targets and problems of the future Japanese project ILOM (In situ Lunar Orientation Measurement), which is planned to be realized as one kind of observations of lunar rotation at the second stage of SELENE-2 mission, are briefly described in the article. Inverse problem of lunar physical libration is formulated and solved. Accuracy of libration angles depending on accuracy of measuring selenographic coordinates is estimated. It is shown that selenographic coordinates of polar stars are insensitive to longitudinal librations τ(t). Comparing coordinates calculated for two models of a rigid and deformable Moon is carried out and components sensitive to Love number k₂ and to anelastic time delay are revealed.