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311.
The record of dynamical structure reveals a systematic variation that operates coherently with the 11-yr variation of UV irradiance.
Involving periods shorter than 5 years, the systematic variation reflects the influence of the QBO on the polar-night vortex.
It has the same basic structure as interannual changes associated with the residual mean circulation of the stratosphere.
A signature of the solar cycle also appears in the direct correlation to solar flux, as recovered through regression of the
entire monthly record. That signature, however, is sharply enhanced around solstice, when the residual circulation is active,
and during extremal phases of the QBO. In the tropics, the solar signature follows, throughout the year, from a decadal modulation
in the frequency of the QBO. The modulation is manifested to either side of the QBO’s mean frequency, in two spectral peaks
where the QBO dwells: one at (24 months)−1, reflecting a Biennial Oscillation (BO), and another at (36 months)-1. Intrinsic to the QBO, those peaks are separated from its mean frequency by ∼11 years−1.Through the QBO’s residual circulation, the decadal modulation introduces anomalies in the subtropics, with symmetry about
the equator. Accompanying anomalous temperature in the subtropics is a stronger signature over the winter pole. Discovered
by Labitzke and van Loon 1988, that solar signature reflects anomalous downwelling of the Brewer-Dobson circulation. It is
shown to follow through the BO, which is intrinsic to the QBO and its modulation of the polar-night vortex. 相似文献
312.
A. Grimberg D. S. Burnett P. Bochsler H. Baur R. Wieler 《Space Science Reviews》2007,130(1-4):293-300
We discuss data of light noble gases from the solar wind implanted into a metallic glass target flown on the Genesis mission.
Helium and neon isotopic compositions of the bulk solar wind trapped in this target during 887 days of exposure to the solar
wind do not deviate significantly from the values in foils of the Apollo Solar Wind Composition experiments, which have been
exposed for hours to days. In general, the depth profile of the Ne isotopic composition is similar to those often found in
lunar soils, and essentially very well reproduced by ion-implantation modelling, adopting the measured velocity distribution
of solar particles during the Genesis exposure and assuming a uniform isotopic composition of solar wind neon. The results
confirm that contributions from high-energy particles to the solar wind fluence are negligible, which is consistent with in-situ
observations. This makes the enigmatic “SEP-Ne” component, apparently present in lunar grains at relatively large depth, obsolete.
20Ne/ 22Ne ratios in gas trapped very near the metallic glass surface are up to 10% higher than predicted by ion implantation simulations.
We attribute this superficially trapped gas to very low-speed, current-sheet-related solar wind, which has been fractionated
in the corona due to inefficient Coulomb drag. 相似文献
313.
低压下直流式喷嘴雾化特性试验研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
利用脉冲激光技术测量了低压下直流式喷嘴侧喷下游的油雾场,获得了油滴直径、索太尔平均直径、燃油浓度空间分布以及射流穿透深度随环境压力下降的变化规律,得出了在低压下由于气动力与脉动紊流强度的减弱,将导致油雾平均直径增大和浓度空间分布不均匀等燃油雾化特性变坏的实验结果。同时研究比较了气流速度与油压对雾化特性的影响,并认为:气流速度始终是决定燃油雾化质量的主要因素;低压下应主要考虑油压变化对射流穿透深度的影响。 相似文献
314.
D. I. Ponyavin 《Space Science Reviews》1995,72(1-2):185-188
I have analyzed geomagnetic disturbance index C9, mean solar magnetic field observed at Stanford Solar Observatory for the interval January 13, 1976 – December 30, 1993. It has been established a good correspondence between high-intensity geomagnetic recurrent and solar magnetic field patterns during whole period analyzed. A surprising thing is that the behavior of the solar mean field and interplanetary medium in the latest two solar cycles is very similar. Geomagnetic activity variations actually could serve as an ecliptic monitor of solar magnetic field structure and its evolution. 相似文献
315.
G. M. Mason 《Space Science Reviews》2007,130(1-4):231-242
3He-rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events show huge enrichments of 3He and association with kilovolt electrons and Type-III radio bursts. Observations from a new generation of high resolution
instruments launched on the Wind, ACE, Yohkoh, SOHO, TRACE, and RHESSI spacecraft have revealed many new properties of these
events: the particle energy spectra are found to be either power-law or curved in shape, with the 3He spectrum often being distinctly different from other species. Ultra-heavy nuclei up to >200 amu are found to be routinely
present at average enrichments of >200 times solar-system abundances. The high ionization states previously observed near
∼1 MeV/nucleon have been found to decrease towards normal solar coronal values in these events. The source regions have been
identified for many events, and are associated with X-ray jets and EUV flares that are associated with magnetic reconnection
sites near active regions. This paper reviews the current experimental picture and theoretical models, with emphasis on the
new insights found in the last few years. 相似文献
316.
Studies based on data from the past 25–45 years show that irradiance changes related to the 11-yr solar cycle affect the circulation
of the upper troposphere in the subtropics and midlatitudes. The signal has been interpreted as a northward displacement of
the subtropical jet and the Ferrel cell with increasing solar irradiance. In model studies on the 11-yr solar signal this
could be related to a weakening and at the same time broadening of the Hadley circulation initiated by stratospheric ozone
anomalies. Other studies, focusing on the direct thermal effect at the Earth’s surface on multidecadal scales, suggest a strengthening
of the Hadley circulation induced by an increased equator-to-pole temperature gradient. In this paper we analyse the solar
signal in the upper troposphere since 1922, using statistical reconstructions based on historical upper-air data. This allows
us to address the multidecadal variability of solar irradiance, which was supposedly large in the first part of the 20th century.
Using a simple regression model we find a consistent signal on the 11-yr time scale which fits well with studies based on
later data. We also find a significant multidecadal signal that is similar to the 11-yr signal, but somewhat stronger. We
interpret this signal as a poleward shift of the subtropical jet and the Ferrel cell. Comparing the magnitude of the two signals
could provide important information on the feedback mechanisms involved in the solar climate relationship with respect to
the Hadley and Ferrel circulations. However, in view of the uncertainty in the solar irradiance reconstructions, such interpretations
are not currently possible. 相似文献
317.
K. Andreov L. Pech 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2007,40(12):1871-1880
This paper is devoted to the study of propagation of disturbances caused by interplanetary shocks (IPS) through the Earth’s magnetosphere. Using simultaneous observations of various fast forward shocks by different satellites in the solar wind, magnetosheath and magnetosphere from 1995 till 2002, we traced the interplanetary shocks into the Earth’s magnetosphere, we calculated the velocity of their propagation into the Earth’s magnetosphere and analyzed fronts of the disturbances. From the onset of disturbances at different satellites in the magnetosphere we obtained speed values ranging from 500 to 1300 km/s in the direction along the IP shock normal, that is in a general agreement with results of previous numerical MHD simulations. The paper discusses in detail a sequence of two events on November 9th, 2002. For the two cases we estimated the propagation speed of the IP shock caused disturbance between the dayside and nightside magnetosphere to be 590 km/s and 714–741 km/s, respectively. We partially attributed this increase to higher Alfven speed in the outer magnetosphere due to the compression of the magnetosphere as a consequence of the first event, and partially to the faster and stronger driving interplanetary shock. High-time resolution GOES magnetic field data revealed a complex structure of the compressional wave fronts at the dayside geosynchronous orbit during these events, with initial very steep parts (10 s). We discuss a few possible mechanisms of such steep front formation in the paper. 相似文献
318.
LEO卫星轨道误差对无线电掩星反演大气参数的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用数值方法估计了LEO卫星轨道误差对无线电掩星反演大气参数的影响。并将其应用于1995年10月11日的某次掩星事件的观测资料处理和分析,得到了LEO卫星轨道误差对无线电掩星反演大气参数影响的定量结果。 相似文献
319.
320.