Recent progress in flexible supporting technology for aerospace thin-walled parts: A review

Thin-walled parts are widely used in the aerospace industry owing to their light weight and high specific strength. However, due to the low rigidity of thin-walled parts, elastic deformation and chatter easily occur, which seriously affect the machining accuracy and workpiece surface quality. To solve this problem, several supporting technologies have been reported in recent years. This paper reviews the recent research progress of flexible supporting technologies in the aerospace field by class...     

同轴源原子氧地面模拟装置及其性能

叙述了同轴源原子氧模拟装置的基本工作原理和装置的各组成单元及其功能;介绍了装置性能的测量方法及结果。结果表明：装置产生的原子氧能量可以控制在５ｅＶ～１０ｅＶ;原子氧的束流强度约为４×１０１５个／ｃｍ２·ｓ;原子氧束中氧离子的含量小于０．１％。     

基于改进TCAR的高精度定位技术研究

模糊度解算是实现快速、高精度定位的关键,一直是全球卫星导航系统研究的热点。北斗系统提供三频信号,可以进行不同形式的组合,实现高精度定位和模糊度解算。通过分析现有的无电离层三频模糊度解算方法(TCAR)和组合观测值的噪声特征,提出一种低噪声无电离层影响的宽巷与IF组合相结合的TCAR算法,选取低噪声长波长的宽巷组合观测值,在几何模型下用最小二乘法逐级解算模糊度,最终实现静态定位。为了验证组合噪声的影响和各种TCAR算法的性能,对北斗中基线的实测数据进行实验,并且比较提出方法与现有算法的模糊度解算情况及位置精度。结果表明,提出方法可以有效提高模糊度解算的成功率,实现高精度定位。     

柔性有机硅气凝胶复合材料的制备及性能研究

以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和二甲基二甲氧基硅烷(DMDMS)为前驱体,通过溶胶-凝胶、常压干燥制备出柔性有机硅气凝胶,研究了MTMS与DMDMS的摩尔比对其化学组成和微观结构的影响;采用莫来石纤维毡作为增强体,制备出密度为0.25 g/cm~3的柔性有机硅气凝胶复合材料。实验结果表明,所制复合材料具有优异的热稳定性,其室温热导率在0.03 W/(m·K)以内;当MTMS和DMDMS的摩尔比为3.8∶1.2时,复合材料的均匀伸长率达3.6%、残重率达82.4%;复合材料经高温处理后,有机硅气凝胶转变为无机SiO_2气凝胶,较好地保持煅烧前的微观形貌和隔热性能;通过500 s石英灯静态加热,发现复合材料的表面有陶瓷化反应,厚度方向无收缩,背部温升81℃,表现出烧蚀/隔热的双重特性。     

低速无人系统定位导航通用指标及测试方法

针对目前小型低速无人系统定位导航测评缺乏标准化测试环境和测试方法,测试指标简单、难以量化等问题,分析了位姿测量、导航能力、环境感知三类通用测试指标和典型的测试条件,针对三类通用的技术指标提出了通用的测试评估方法。     

一种新型低剖面双频微带导航天线

设计了一种可以同时工作在BD2B3与GPS L1频段的低剖面微带导航天线,采用多调谐回路技术实现了天线双频工作。该天线方便调试与实现,可以应用于要求天线剖面较低的载体。     

HOI延迟对LEO卫星简化动力学POD的影响

通常使用无电离层(IF)线性组合(LC)消除低地球轨道(LEO)卫星简化动力学精密定轨(POD)一阶电离层延迟误差,忽略了高阶电离层(HOI)延迟误差。随着LEO卫星POD技术的发展,计算不同轨道高度的HOI延迟并探索其变化已成为进一步提高POD精度的重要手段。首先,使用国际参考电离层-2016(IRI-2016)和国际地磁参考场第13代(IGRF-13)模型,计算电离层穿刺点(IPP)位置和地磁场强度。其次,使用平滑星载GNSS数据计算电离层斜路径总电子含量(STEC)。然后,分别计算GOCE、GRACE-A和SWARM-A/B卫星的二阶和三阶电离层延迟。最后,评估了HOI延迟对LEO卫星重叠轨道分析、卫星激光测距(SLR)检核和精密科学轨道(PSO)比较结果的影响。实验结果表明：HOI延迟对LEO卫星简化动力学POD的影响大约在毫米至厘米的数量级上;HOI延迟对LEO卫星简化动力学POD外符合精度的影响分别达到0.92,0.22,0.21和0.18 mm;随着LEO卫星轨道高度的增加,HOI延迟对LEO卫星简化动力学POD的影响减小。     

三维收缩段设计问题

结合西北工业大学低速风洞的设计研究了矩形截面三维收缩段设计问题。用差分方法和贴体坐标对收缩段的不可压势流场进行了数值计算。选择三种常用的收缩曲线进行比较设计,对设计准则进行了校核,并给出收缩殴流动特性。通过优化的双三次曲线优于其他曲线。最后对三维收缩段设计问题提出一些看法。     

High-Latitude Particle Precipitation and its Relationship to Magnetospheric Source Regions

Two central issues in magnetospheric research are understanding the mapping of the low-altitude ionosphere to the distant regions of the magnetsphere, and understanding the relationship between the small-scale features detected in the various regions of the ionosphere and the global properties of the magnetosphere. The high-latitude ionosphere, through its magnetic connection to the outer magnetosphere, provides an important view of magnetospheric boundaries and the physical processes occurring there. All physical manifestations of this magnetic connectivity (waves, particle precipitation, etc.), however, have non-zero propagation times during which they are convected by the large-scale magnetospheric electric field, with phenomena undergoing different convection distances depending on their propagation times. Identification of the ionospheric signatures of magnetospheric regions and phenomena, therefore, can be difficult. Considerable progress has recently been made in identifying these convection signatures in data from low- and high-altitude satellites. This work has allowed us to learn much about issues such as: the rates of magnetic reconnection, both at the dayside magnetopause and in the magnetotail; particle transport across the open magnetopause; and particle acceleration at the magnetopause and the magnetotail current sheets.     

ISEE Ion Composition Data with Implications for Solar Wind Entry into Earth's Magnetotail

Energetic (0.1-16 keV/e) ion data from a plasma composition experiment on the ISEE-1 spacecraft show that Earth's plasma sheet (inside of 23 RE) always has a large population of H+ and He++ ions, the two principal ionic components of the solar wind. This population is the largest, in terms of both number density and spatial thickness, during extended periods of northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and is then also the most "solar wind-like" in the sense that the He++/H+ density ratio is at its peak (about 3% on average in 1978 and 79) and the H+ and He++ have mean (thermal) energies that are in the ratio of about 1:4 and barely exceed the typical bulk flow energy in the solar wind. During geomagnetically active times, associated with southward turnings of the IMF, the H+ and He++ are heated in the central plasma sheet, and reduced in density. Even when the IMF is southward, these ions can be found with lower solar wind-like energies closer to the tail lobes, at least during plasma sheet thinning in the early phase of substorms, when they are often seen to flow tailward, approximately along the magnetic field, at a slow to moderate speed (of order 100 km s-1 or less). These tailward flows, combined with the large density and generally solar wind-like energies of plasma sheet H+ and He++ ions during times of northward IMF, are interpreted to mean that the solar wind enters along the tail flanks, in a region between the lobes and the central plasma sheet, propelled inward by ExB drift associated with the electric fringe field of the low latitude magnetopause boundary layer (LLBL). In order to complete this scenario, it is argued that the rapid (of order 1000 km s-1) earthward ion flows (mostly H+ ions), also along the magnetic field, that are more typically the precursors of plasma sheet "recovery" during substorm expansion, are not proof of solar wind entry in the distant tail, but may instead be a time-of-flight effect associated with plasma sheet redistribution in a dipolarizing magnetic field.